Statistics Portage CNSL 503 Exam 3
Questions and Answers Latest Update
2026
simple random sampling - ANSWER-each member of the population has an equal
chance of being selected for the sample
example of simple random sampling - ANSWER-everyone in the population of interest
rolls a die, everyone rolling a 6 gets selected
In simple random sampling, the probability that each member is selected is ____ of one
another. - ANSWER-independent
Simple random sampling is ideal for ____ populations. - ANSWER-small
systemic sampling - ANSWER-random sampling with a system in which a starting point
is random and each subsequent member is selected based on a fixed interval
example of systemic sampling - ANSWER-shoppers at a store, start with second person
entering and survey every 5 shoppers
In systemic sampling, the probability that each member is selected is ____of one
another. - ANSWER-dependent
Systematic sampling is more ____ that simple random sampling. - ANSWER-efficient
What kind of problem can arise in systematic sampling? - ANSWER-someone finds out
and avoids being the 5th person
stratified sampling - ANSWER-dividing the population into strata and randomly sampling
from each stratum
parameter - ANSWER-a numerical value that describes a population
example of parameter - ANSWER-population mean
statistic - ANSWER-a value that describes a sample; used to estimate population
parameter
example of a statistics - ANSWER-sample mean
In order to make correct inferences about the population, the sample must... -
ANSWER-reflect the population
, representative sample - ANSWER-consist of members that possess the same
characteristics as those of the population
biased sample - ANSWER-a sample that is not representative of the population
5 types of sampling techniques - ANSWER-simple random sampling, systematic
sampling, stratified sampling, cluster sampling, and convenience sampling
example of stratified sampling - ANSWER-dividing population into age groups and
randomly sampling from each stratum
Stratified sampling can be hard with... - ANSWER-large populations
cluster sampling - ANSWER-dividing the population into clusters and randomly
sampling several clusters, then study every member within the cluster
example of cluster sampling - ANSWER-nursing students taking stats, randomly sample
number of counties and sampling students in those counties
convenience sampling - ANSWER-selecting a sample that is convenient and easy to
access
example of convenience sampling - ANSWER-left handers at school, go into a large
lecture hall and everyone left handed raises hand
Does convenience sampling result in a representative sample? - ANSWER-no
Convenience sampling is generally more prone to ____ than other sampling. -
ANSWER-bias
Sampling statistics is just an ____ of the population and is not ____. - ANSWER-
estimate; exact
sampling error - ANSWER-discrepancy between population parameter and the sample
statistic
Sampling error does not mean ____ and there will always be ____ ____. - ANSWER-
mistake; sampling error
It is impossible to ____ sampling error, but it is best to ____ it as much as possible. -
ANSWER-eliminate; reduce
____ sampling error, ____ accuracy. - ANSWER-increase; decrease
Questions and Answers Latest Update
2026
simple random sampling - ANSWER-each member of the population has an equal
chance of being selected for the sample
example of simple random sampling - ANSWER-everyone in the population of interest
rolls a die, everyone rolling a 6 gets selected
In simple random sampling, the probability that each member is selected is ____ of one
another. - ANSWER-independent
Simple random sampling is ideal for ____ populations. - ANSWER-small
systemic sampling - ANSWER-random sampling with a system in which a starting point
is random and each subsequent member is selected based on a fixed interval
example of systemic sampling - ANSWER-shoppers at a store, start with second person
entering and survey every 5 shoppers
In systemic sampling, the probability that each member is selected is ____of one
another. - ANSWER-dependent
Systematic sampling is more ____ that simple random sampling. - ANSWER-efficient
What kind of problem can arise in systematic sampling? - ANSWER-someone finds out
and avoids being the 5th person
stratified sampling - ANSWER-dividing the population into strata and randomly sampling
from each stratum
parameter - ANSWER-a numerical value that describes a population
example of parameter - ANSWER-population mean
statistic - ANSWER-a value that describes a sample; used to estimate population
parameter
example of a statistics - ANSWER-sample mean
In order to make correct inferences about the population, the sample must... -
ANSWER-reflect the population
, representative sample - ANSWER-consist of members that possess the same
characteristics as those of the population
biased sample - ANSWER-a sample that is not representative of the population
5 types of sampling techniques - ANSWER-simple random sampling, systematic
sampling, stratified sampling, cluster sampling, and convenience sampling
example of stratified sampling - ANSWER-dividing population into age groups and
randomly sampling from each stratum
Stratified sampling can be hard with... - ANSWER-large populations
cluster sampling - ANSWER-dividing the population into clusters and randomly
sampling several clusters, then study every member within the cluster
example of cluster sampling - ANSWER-nursing students taking stats, randomly sample
number of counties and sampling students in those counties
convenience sampling - ANSWER-selecting a sample that is convenient and easy to
access
example of convenience sampling - ANSWER-left handers at school, go into a large
lecture hall and everyone left handed raises hand
Does convenience sampling result in a representative sample? - ANSWER-no
Convenience sampling is generally more prone to ____ than other sampling. -
ANSWER-bias
Sampling statistics is just an ____ of the population and is not ____. - ANSWER-
estimate; exact
sampling error - ANSWER-discrepancy between population parameter and the sample
statistic
Sampling error does not mean ____ and there will always be ____ ____. - ANSWER-
mistake; sampling error
It is impossible to ____ sampling error, but it is best to ____ it as much as possible. -
ANSWER-eliminate; reduce
____ sampling error, ____ accuracy. - ANSWER-increase; decrease
