CMN 574 Cardiovascular Exam with accurate ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
detailed solutions ||\\//||
Metabolic Syndrome is defined as a constellation of three or more of the following: - correct
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
answer✔✔1. Abdominal Obesity ||\\//|| ||\\//||
2. Triglycerides 150 or higher
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
3. HDL cholesterol less than 40 for men and less than 50 for women
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
4. Fasting glucose of 110 or higher
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
5. HTN
||\\//||
What is the most common non-cardiac cause of CP? - correct answer✔✔Musculoskeletal
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
disorders
What is chest wall pain most commonly caused by? - correct answer✔✔Muscle strain or
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
costochondritis
Musculoskeletal disorders are more common in who? - correct answer✔✔Young, active ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
patients involved in sports or work that involves lifting ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
MS CP may be distinguished/aggravated by? - correct answer✔✔arm movement OR deep
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
inspiration. reproducible w/ palpation ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
What is the tx of MS CP? - correct answer✔✔Rest, anti-inflammatories, ice/heat
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
This disorder may cause substernal, burning pain, is usually recurrent, worsened by meals
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
and the supine position. - correct answer✔✔GERD
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
,GERD can by relieved/tx by? - correct answer✔✔Antacids, PPI, H2 blockers
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
What are some risk factors for PE? - correct answer✔✔prolonged immobilization, pregnancy,
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
pelvic or lower leg trauma, hypercoagulability, estrogen use, smoker, and cancer
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Pneumonia pain can be described as: - correct answer✔✔dull or no pain ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Pleuritic pain (PE, pleuritis) can be described as: - correct answer✔✔Sharp, stabbing, usually
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
localized to one side and worse w/ deep breath or cough
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
a PE produces ________ pain. - correct answer✔✔Sudden
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Respiratory disorders that cause CP may have associated symptoms such as? - correct
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
answer✔✔Fever, cough, wheezing, dyspnea ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
What does the Wells Score predict? - correct answer✔✔Risk for PE. Its used to determine
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
testing
What is the tx of pneumonia? - correct answer✔✔Antibiotics
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
What is the tx of PE? - correct answer✔✔Anticoagulation
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
What are some non-ischemic cardiac disorders? - correct answer✔✔Mitral Valve Prolapse,
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Pericarditis, and Aortic Dissection ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
What are some ischemic cardiac disorders? - correct answer✔✔Stable angina, Unstable
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Angina, Acute coronary syndrome, AMI ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
, This disorder is usually asymptomatic, but may have non-specific CP, dyspnea, and
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
palpitations. It is found in up to 10% of healthy, usually thin, females, collagen diseases ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
(marfan's or Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome). Look for a pansystolic or only late systolic murmur ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
with a single or multiple mid-systolic click with skeletal changes. - correct answer✔✔Mitral
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Valve Prolapse ||\\//||
What is the treatment for the hyperadrenergic state and arrhythmias of mitral valve
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
prolapse? - correct answer✔✔Low dose BBs ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
This non-ischemic disorder has an abrupt onset of severe tearing, ripping, or knife-like CP
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
radiating into the back. Risk factors include HTN, smoking, congenital aortic defect, ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
inflammatory/collagen disease, pregnancy, and cocaine use. Exam findings may include ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
anxiety, dyspnea, hypo/hypertension, difference between BP in R and L arm, absence of UE
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
pulses, a harsh/holosystolic murmur d/t aortic insufficiency (rarely paralysis) - correct
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
answer✔✔Aortic Aneurysm/ Dissection ||\\//|| ||\\//||
This non-ischemic disorder may produce substernal CP that may radiate to shoulders, back,
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
or epigastrium. The pain is worse when supine and fever/dyspnea are common. A friction
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
rub is often heard. Its usually caused by a viral infection, autoimmune/inflammatory diseases,
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
uremia, cancer, post-MI - correct answer✔✔Pericarditis
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
What is the treatment for pericarditis? - correct answer✔✔Bedrest, ASA or NSAIDS,
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
colchicine, steroids ||\\//||
What is angina most commonly caused by? - correct answer✔✔Atherosclerotic coronary
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
artery disease ||\\//||
What is Syndrome X? - correct answer✔✔Normal coronary arteries and no identifiable cause
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
of angina- may be due to inadequate flow in the microvasculature
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
detailed solutions ||\\//||
Metabolic Syndrome is defined as a constellation of three or more of the following: - correct
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
answer✔✔1. Abdominal Obesity ||\\//|| ||\\//||
2. Triglycerides 150 or higher
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
3. HDL cholesterol less than 40 for men and less than 50 for women
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
4. Fasting glucose of 110 or higher
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
5. HTN
||\\//||
What is the most common non-cardiac cause of CP? - correct answer✔✔Musculoskeletal
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
disorders
What is chest wall pain most commonly caused by? - correct answer✔✔Muscle strain or
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
costochondritis
Musculoskeletal disorders are more common in who? - correct answer✔✔Young, active ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
patients involved in sports or work that involves lifting ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
MS CP may be distinguished/aggravated by? - correct answer✔✔arm movement OR deep
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
inspiration. reproducible w/ palpation ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
What is the tx of MS CP? - correct answer✔✔Rest, anti-inflammatories, ice/heat
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
This disorder may cause substernal, burning pain, is usually recurrent, worsened by meals
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
and the supine position. - correct answer✔✔GERD
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
,GERD can by relieved/tx by? - correct answer✔✔Antacids, PPI, H2 blockers
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
What are some risk factors for PE? - correct answer✔✔prolonged immobilization, pregnancy,
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
pelvic or lower leg trauma, hypercoagulability, estrogen use, smoker, and cancer
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Pneumonia pain can be described as: - correct answer✔✔dull or no pain ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Pleuritic pain (PE, pleuritis) can be described as: - correct answer✔✔Sharp, stabbing, usually
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
localized to one side and worse w/ deep breath or cough
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
a PE produces ________ pain. - correct answer✔✔Sudden
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Respiratory disorders that cause CP may have associated symptoms such as? - correct
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
answer✔✔Fever, cough, wheezing, dyspnea ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
What does the Wells Score predict? - correct answer✔✔Risk for PE. Its used to determine
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
testing
What is the tx of pneumonia? - correct answer✔✔Antibiotics
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
What is the tx of PE? - correct answer✔✔Anticoagulation
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
What are some non-ischemic cardiac disorders? - correct answer✔✔Mitral Valve Prolapse,
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Pericarditis, and Aortic Dissection ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
What are some ischemic cardiac disorders? - correct answer✔✔Stable angina, Unstable
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Angina, Acute coronary syndrome, AMI ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
, This disorder is usually asymptomatic, but may have non-specific CP, dyspnea, and
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
palpitations. It is found in up to 10% of healthy, usually thin, females, collagen diseases ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
(marfan's or Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome). Look for a pansystolic or only late systolic murmur ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
with a single or multiple mid-systolic click with skeletal changes. - correct answer✔✔Mitral
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Valve Prolapse ||\\//||
What is the treatment for the hyperadrenergic state and arrhythmias of mitral valve
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
prolapse? - correct answer✔✔Low dose BBs ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
This non-ischemic disorder has an abrupt onset of severe tearing, ripping, or knife-like CP
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
radiating into the back. Risk factors include HTN, smoking, congenital aortic defect, ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
inflammatory/collagen disease, pregnancy, and cocaine use. Exam findings may include ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
anxiety, dyspnea, hypo/hypertension, difference between BP in R and L arm, absence of UE
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
pulses, a harsh/holosystolic murmur d/t aortic insufficiency (rarely paralysis) - correct
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
answer✔✔Aortic Aneurysm/ Dissection ||\\//|| ||\\//||
This non-ischemic disorder may produce substernal CP that may radiate to shoulders, back,
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
or epigastrium. The pain is worse when supine and fever/dyspnea are common. A friction
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
rub is often heard. Its usually caused by a viral infection, autoimmune/inflammatory diseases,
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
uremia, cancer, post-MI - correct answer✔✔Pericarditis
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
What is the treatment for pericarditis? - correct answer✔✔Bedrest, ASA or NSAIDS,
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
colchicine, steroids ||\\//||
What is angina most commonly caused by? - correct answer✔✔Atherosclerotic coronary
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
artery disease ||\\//||
What is Syndrome X? - correct answer✔✔Normal coronary arteries and no identifiable cause
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
of angina- may be due to inadequate flow in the microvasculature
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
