Ortho EOR exam questions with
complete solutions26
What are the top 3 causes of AVN - ANSWERS-trauma, chronic steroid use, and alcohol use
For an intertrochanteric femur fracture how does the foot/leg look? surgery? - ANSWERS-it is
externally rotated, abducted and shortened. needs surgery
If you have a posterior dislocation of hip what is the leg doing? - ANSWERS-leg is shortened,
flexed, adducted and internally rotated
If you have an anterior dislocation of hip what is the leg doing - ANSWERS-mid flexion, abducted
and externally rotated
What is the more common way to dislocate the hip? - ANSWERS-posterior
How is AVN diagnosed/staged? - ANSWERS-plain films and then after that would stage with an
MRI. That being said you should not order the MRI unless you are going to be the one
interpreting it!
What is the most common presenting symptom of AVN - ANSWERS-pain
How is AVN treated? - ANSWERS-either by replacement of the joint or can do bone grafting.
There are other options such as core decompression however these are not totally studied
Pt. presents with significant edema over the olecranon bursa. It is not warm or angry looking
and they have no fever. Of note is that they are constantly hitting it on things or rubbing it
,against something. What do they have and what should you do to manage? - ANSWERS-They
have bursitis probably non infective therefore do not aspirate. Rather this is a self limited
condition so NSAIDs and protecting the bursa are the goals of treatment
What are the only 2 indications to aspirate a bursa if it is inflamed. - ANSWERS-If suspicious of
infection or gout
What is the most important sign/symptom of carpal tunnel syndrome that should make you
think of this? - ANSWERS-nocturnal pain or paresthesias in the distribution of the median nerve
How do you differentiate mild from severe CTS? - ANSWERS-mild is numbness or tingling in the
median nerve distribution but no sensory loss, nocturnal sx, or loss of hand function that
impairs ADLs. Severe is when you have Median nerve weakness, loss of ADLs or frequently
being awoken at night.
What is the initial tx for those with CTS who show mild sx - ANSWERS-nocturnal wrist splinting.
What is the more definitive CTS tx and who would you not do this in? - ANSWERS-carpal tunnel
release and don't do in those that are preggars
What are the 6 Ps of compartments syndrome - ANSWERS-pain, paresthesias, poilkothermia,
pallor, pulselessness, paralysis,
how do you objectively measure compartments to see if a pt. has compartments syndrome -
ANSWERS-intrapressure monitoring if it comes w/in 10 to 30 mmHg of the diastolic BP
What is the tx for compartments syndrome - ANSWERS-take off any bandages that may be to
tight but ultimately faschiotomies
, What is the physical exam test for De Quervain's synovitis, describe it - ANSWERS-Finklesteins
test, this is where you have the pt. place their thumb in their hand and flex their hand towards
the ulnar nerve. Any pain with that is a positive test
Pt. presents with pain in their radial styloid region and a positive finklesteins test. What is the 3
step approach to managing their disease - ANSWERS-1: splinting as needed with a fore-arm
thumb spica splint and NSAIDs for pain relief. 2: glucocorticoid injection. 3: if the above fails
then cutting the 1st extensor releasing compartment however this is a self limited disease and
most don't choose this option
What is a Dupuytren's contracture? - ANSWERS-a progressive fibrosis of the palmar fascia that
eventually leads to joint stiffness and the inability to extend the finger fully and potentially a
palpable cord running in the Sub Q skin
What are 5 risk factors for developing a Dupuytren's contracture - ANSWERS-1: Being a worker
exposed to repetitive vibration, 2: diabetes, 3: pyrones disease, 4: smoking, and 5: alcohol
What are 4 ways to manage a dupuytren's contracture - ANSWERS-1: for mild consider tool
modification so like more padding if doing jackhammer stuff, 2: can do corticosteroid injection,
3: injecting a collegnease to digest cord and then coming back to break it up manually (better
for <50 degree duputrens). Surgery is an option for severe disease
How is a gout attack diagnosed - ANSWERS-aspirate the joint and see uric acid crystals form. can
also do clinical if it is the first MTP joint but may want to aspirate anyways to rule out infection
What is the treatment for acute gout attack? - ANSWERS-NSAIDs and colchicine however
glucocorticoids have been shown to work too
what is the long term drug used to prevent gout attacks - ANSWERS-allopurinol for the most
part
complete solutions26
What are the top 3 causes of AVN - ANSWERS-trauma, chronic steroid use, and alcohol use
For an intertrochanteric femur fracture how does the foot/leg look? surgery? - ANSWERS-it is
externally rotated, abducted and shortened. needs surgery
If you have a posterior dislocation of hip what is the leg doing? - ANSWERS-leg is shortened,
flexed, adducted and internally rotated
If you have an anterior dislocation of hip what is the leg doing - ANSWERS-mid flexion, abducted
and externally rotated
What is the more common way to dislocate the hip? - ANSWERS-posterior
How is AVN diagnosed/staged? - ANSWERS-plain films and then after that would stage with an
MRI. That being said you should not order the MRI unless you are going to be the one
interpreting it!
What is the most common presenting symptom of AVN - ANSWERS-pain
How is AVN treated? - ANSWERS-either by replacement of the joint or can do bone grafting.
There are other options such as core decompression however these are not totally studied
Pt. presents with significant edema over the olecranon bursa. It is not warm or angry looking
and they have no fever. Of note is that they are constantly hitting it on things or rubbing it
,against something. What do they have and what should you do to manage? - ANSWERS-They
have bursitis probably non infective therefore do not aspirate. Rather this is a self limited
condition so NSAIDs and protecting the bursa are the goals of treatment
What are the only 2 indications to aspirate a bursa if it is inflamed. - ANSWERS-If suspicious of
infection or gout
What is the most important sign/symptom of carpal tunnel syndrome that should make you
think of this? - ANSWERS-nocturnal pain or paresthesias in the distribution of the median nerve
How do you differentiate mild from severe CTS? - ANSWERS-mild is numbness or tingling in the
median nerve distribution but no sensory loss, nocturnal sx, or loss of hand function that
impairs ADLs. Severe is when you have Median nerve weakness, loss of ADLs or frequently
being awoken at night.
What is the initial tx for those with CTS who show mild sx - ANSWERS-nocturnal wrist splinting.
What is the more definitive CTS tx and who would you not do this in? - ANSWERS-carpal tunnel
release and don't do in those that are preggars
What are the 6 Ps of compartments syndrome - ANSWERS-pain, paresthesias, poilkothermia,
pallor, pulselessness, paralysis,
how do you objectively measure compartments to see if a pt. has compartments syndrome -
ANSWERS-intrapressure monitoring if it comes w/in 10 to 30 mmHg of the diastolic BP
What is the tx for compartments syndrome - ANSWERS-take off any bandages that may be to
tight but ultimately faschiotomies
, What is the physical exam test for De Quervain's synovitis, describe it - ANSWERS-Finklesteins
test, this is where you have the pt. place their thumb in their hand and flex their hand towards
the ulnar nerve. Any pain with that is a positive test
Pt. presents with pain in their radial styloid region and a positive finklesteins test. What is the 3
step approach to managing their disease - ANSWERS-1: splinting as needed with a fore-arm
thumb spica splint and NSAIDs for pain relief. 2: glucocorticoid injection. 3: if the above fails
then cutting the 1st extensor releasing compartment however this is a self limited disease and
most don't choose this option
What is a Dupuytren's contracture? - ANSWERS-a progressive fibrosis of the palmar fascia that
eventually leads to joint stiffness and the inability to extend the finger fully and potentially a
palpable cord running in the Sub Q skin
What are 5 risk factors for developing a Dupuytren's contracture - ANSWERS-1: Being a worker
exposed to repetitive vibration, 2: diabetes, 3: pyrones disease, 4: smoking, and 5: alcohol
What are 4 ways to manage a dupuytren's contracture - ANSWERS-1: for mild consider tool
modification so like more padding if doing jackhammer stuff, 2: can do corticosteroid injection,
3: injecting a collegnease to digest cord and then coming back to break it up manually (better
for <50 degree duputrens). Surgery is an option for severe disease
How is a gout attack diagnosed - ANSWERS-aspirate the joint and see uric acid crystals form. can
also do clinical if it is the first MTP joint but may want to aspirate anyways to rule out infection
What is the treatment for acute gout attack? - ANSWERS-NSAIDs and colchicine however
glucocorticoids have been shown to work too
what is the long term drug used to prevent gout attacks - ANSWERS-allopurinol for the most
part
