PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 1, 2, &
3 WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS
2026
A patient has a heart attack that leads to progressive cell injury
that causes cell death with sever cell swelling and breakdown of
organelles. What term would the nurse use to define this process?
A. Adaptation
B. Calcification
C. Apoptosis
D. Necrosis correct answer Necrosis
The most important environmental risk factor for cancer is
exposure to
A. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation
B. Estrogen
C. Cigarette smoke
D. Radon correct answer Cigarette smoke
What genetic disorder is the result if an individual possesses an
XXY chromosome configuration?
A. Turner
,B. Fragile X
C. Down
D. Klinefelter correct answer Klinefelter
A faculty member asks a student to identify the appropriate term
for the movement of a solute from an area of greater to lesser
concentration. Which answer indicates the nursing student
understood the teaching?
A. Diffusion
B. Hydrostatic pressure
C. Active transport
D. Osmosis correct answer Diffusion
A child fell off the swing and scraped his right knee. The injured
area becomes painful. What else will the nurse observe upon
assessment?
A. Vasoconstriction at injured site
B. Decreased RBC concentration at injured site
C. Pale skin at injured site
D. Edema at injured sight correct answer Edema at injured
sight
Which patient will develop active immunity? A patient who:
,A. Has natural exposure to an antigen and receives an
immunization
B. Receives preformed antibodies or T-cells from a donor
C. has T cells that become B cells
D. receives immunoglobulin correct answer Has natural
exposure to an antigen and receives an immunization
A 30-year-old female is diagnosed with cancer. Testing reveals
that the cancer cells have spread to local lymph nodes. A nurse
realizes this cancer would be documented as stage:
A. 3
B. 4
C. 1
D. 2 correct answer 3
Which of the following patients would be at greatest risk for basal
cell carcinoma?
A. Medium complexion, light eyes, smoker
B. Light complexion, light eyes, fair hair
C. Dark complexion, light eyes, underweight
D. Light complexion, dark eyes, overweight correct answer
Light complexion, light eyes, fair hair
Viruses can be treated with antibiotics correct answer False
, A nurse recalls that the basic types of tissues are: (Select all that
apply)
A. Nerve
B. Epithelial
C. Mucosal
D. Connective
E. Skeletal
F. Muscle correct answer -Nerve
-Epithelial
-Connective
-Muscle
A 22 year old was recently diagnosed with acquired
immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Which decreased lab finding
would be expected to accompany this virus?
A. CDC10 cells
B. CDC cells
C. CD4+ T-helper
D. CD8 T-helper correct answer CD4+ T-helper
Which set of arterial blood gases (ABG's) would indicate metabolic
acidosis?
A. pH of 7.41, PCO2 of 49, HCO3 of 30
3 WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS
2026
A patient has a heart attack that leads to progressive cell injury
that causes cell death with sever cell swelling and breakdown of
organelles. What term would the nurse use to define this process?
A. Adaptation
B. Calcification
C. Apoptosis
D. Necrosis correct answer Necrosis
The most important environmental risk factor for cancer is
exposure to
A. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation
B. Estrogen
C. Cigarette smoke
D. Radon correct answer Cigarette smoke
What genetic disorder is the result if an individual possesses an
XXY chromosome configuration?
A. Turner
,B. Fragile X
C. Down
D. Klinefelter correct answer Klinefelter
A faculty member asks a student to identify the appropriate term
for the movement of a solute from an area of greater to lesser
concentration. Which answer indicates the nursing student
understood the teaching?
A. Diffusion
B. Hydrostatic pressure
C. Active transport
D. Osmosis correct answer Diffusion
A child fell off the swing and scraped his right knee. The injured
area becomes painful. What else will the nurse observe upon
assessment?
A. Vasoconstriction at injured site
B. Decreased RBC concentration at injured site
C. Pale skin at injured site
D. Edema at injured sight correct answer Edema at injured
sight
Which patient will develop active immunity? A patient who:
,A. Has natural exposure to an antigen and receives an
immunization
B. Receives preformed antibodies or T-cells from a donor
C. has T cells that become B cells
D. receives immunoglobulin correct answer Has natural
exposure to an antigen and receives an immunization
A 30-year-old female is diagnosed with cancer. Testing reveals
that the cancer cells have spread to local lymph nodes. A nurse
realizes this cancer would be documented as stage:
A. 3
B. 4
C. 1
D. 2 correct answer 3
Which of the following patients would be at greatest risk for basal
cell carcinoma?
A. Medium complexion, light eyes, smoker
B. Light complexion, light eyes, fair hair
C. Dark complexion, light eyes, underweight
D. Light complexion, dark eyes, overweight correct answer
Light complexion, light eyes, fair hair
Viruses can be treated with antibiotics correct answer False
, A nurse recalls that the basic types of tissues are: (Select all that
apply)
A. Nerve
B. Epithelial
C. Mucosal
D. Connective
E. Skeletal
F. Muscle correct answer -Nerve
-Epithelial
-Connective
-Muscle
A 22 year old was recently diagnosed with acquired
immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Which decreased lab finding
would be expected to accompany this virus?
A. CDC10 cells
B. CDC cells
C. CD4+ T-helper
D. CD8 T-helper correct answer CD4+ T-helper
Which set of arterial blood gases (ABG's) would indicate metabolic
acidosis?
A. pH of 7.41, PCO2 of 49, HCO3 of 30
