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BCS 172 Exam 1 – 85 Q&A on Piaget, Vygotsky, Brain Development, Memory, and Intellectual Disability

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This document contains 85 expertly-verified practice questions and answers designed to help students prepare for BCS 172: Development – a foundational course in developmental psychology. Tailored for Exam 1, this study guide covers core theories, major developmental milestones, and essential research findings across infancy, childhood, and adolescence. The content is organized in a straightforward Q&A format, ideal for fast recall and structured revision. Topics include the major developmental theories of Jean Piaget (sensorimotor to formal operational stages), Lev Vygotsky (sociocultural theory and zone of proximal development), and behaviorist perspectives like those of Watson and Skinner. It also explores prenatal brain development, cognitive and perceptual growth in infancy, conditioning, executive functioning, intellectual disability classifications, and methodological considerations in developmental research (e.g., longitudinal vs. cross-sectional designs). Additional highlights include the Draw a Person Test, the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study, visual preference paradigms, and detailed distinctions across mild, moderate, severe, and profound ID, along with causes, prevalence, and diagnostic challenges. This document is especially useful for: Students in Developmental Psychology, Child Psychology, or Cognitive Science Degree programs such as Psychology, Neuroscience, Education, Social Work, and Speech & Language Pathology Individuals preparing for midterm exams, finals, or standardized psychology assessments Learners seeking a solid understanding of developmental stages and cognitive processes from birth through adolescence Whether you're studying early brain development or social influences on cognition, this resource provides thorough and accessible exam preparation. Keywords: developmental psychology, BCS 172, Piaget stages, Vygotsky, brain development, prenatal development, cognitive development, memory, infant attention, intellectual disability, sociocultural theory, executive function, classical conditioning, operant conditioning, developmental theories, ABCD study, visual preference paradigm, schema theory, psychology exam prep, child development

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BCS 172 Exam 1 2026 Expert
Verified | Ace the Test



Galotti development definition - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔predictable age related

changes in cognition over the course of infancy through adolescence


Cognitive development - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔how people of varying stages

acquire, process, store and manipulate information


Perception - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔how we interpret sensory info


Attention - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔ability to allocate cognitive resources to certain

tasks


Memory - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔encoding, storage, and retrieval of information

,Cognition - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔representation of knowledge, language,

thinking, reasoning, decision making, academic skills, social cognition,

informal education all in context


Curriculum of the hallway - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔what you learn outside of

school via social interaction


Brazilian Street Vendor Kids - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔were behind mathematically

in school but could make mentally make change for any purchase fast


Gesell Theory of Development - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔believed that children only

need to be provided with basics, genetics would unfold over time NATURE


John B. Watson Theory of Development - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔radical

behaviorist, you can train anyone into anything given the correct variables

NUTURE


Jean Piaget Theory of Development - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔we are not blank

slates, we're active explorers pre-wired to do so in a certain way based on

genetics

, Engel + Romano Biopsychosocial Model - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Both nature AND

nurture, model where person is organized with external and internal world

influencing them, each person is the unique interaction of both


Draw a Person Test (DAP) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔have a kid draw a person, ask

if it's boy or girl, ask to draw the other, then draw self, you can see how

child perceives themself + make predications about their future, 0.85

correlation between this and a battery


First Trimester Brain Development - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔synapses develop in

spinal cord by 5th week, 6th week is movement, 10th week yawning, thumb

sucking, swallowing


Biopsychosocial Model in Fetal Development - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔first 6 mos

are strong genetic influence, last trimester the environmental variables are

stronger


Second Trimester Brain Development - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔reflexes, breathing,

swallowing, brainstem develops, so does HR, breathing, BP


Third Trimester Brain Development - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Cerebral cortex

develops, aka conscious experience (which will continue to develop




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