NURS 5315 UTA EXAM 2 100 EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS UPDATED 2026 VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS ACTUAL UPDATED REAL EXAM QUESTIONS
GRADED A+
HIV EIA (3rd generation immunoassay) - CORRECT ANSWER -can use urine,
saliva, or serum (most accurate), need to wait until 12 weeks post exposure to
see antibodies, >99% accurate
4th generation immunoassay- "gold standard"
measures P24 antigen
can test 10 days post exposure
Mast cell - CORRECT ANSWER -Cellular bags of granules located in loose
connective tisssue close to blood vessels. Activation initiates inflammatory
process.
Histamine - CORRECT ANSWER -Causes vasodilation, increases vascular
permeability, increases blood flow to the site of injury- causes erythema and
swelling.
Cytokines - CORRECT ANSWER -Soluble factors that contribute to the
regulation of innate or adaptive resistance by affecting other neighboring cells.
Can be pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory. Can react quickly or be more
delayed.
Leukotrines - CORRECT ANSWER -Released when mast cells degranulate,
prolong the inflammatory process. Cause vasodilation, attract neutrophils,
monocytes, and eosinophils.target of inhibition for singular.
Prostaglandins - CORRECT ANSWER -Released when mast cells degranulate,
are produced by the arachidonic pathway. Cause vasodilation, platelet
aggregation at site of injury, pain, and fever.
,Chemotactic factors - CORRECT ANSWER -Biochemical substance that
attracts leukocyte to the site of inflammation
Neutrophils - CORRECT ANSWER -Predominant leukocyte at work during the
early stages of acute inflammation
Monocytes - CORRECT ANSWER -Become macrophages when entering the
tissue, responsible for presenting antigens to the CD4 cell which triggers T-cell
immunity and B-cell immunity.
Releases additional cytokines IL1, IL6, TNF.
Cytokine IL1 function - CORRECT ANSWER -Causes fever, activates
phagocytes & lymphocytes and also increases the release of IL6a
Cytokine IL6 function - CORRECT ANSWER -Stimulates production of acute
phase reactants and promotes growth and stimulation of RBCs
Cytokine TNF function - CORRECT ANSWER -Causes fever, increases
synthesis of proinflammatory proteins by liver, causes muscle wasting, induces
thrombosis
Cytokine growth factor function - CORRECT ANSWER -Promotes production
and maturation of neutrophils
Complement - CORRECT ANSWER -Functions include bacterial lysis,
vasodilation and increased vascular permeability, triggers mast cell
degranulation, chemotaxis, and opsonization.
, Kinin - CORRECT ANSWER -Converted to bradykinin which is responsible
for pain and chemotaxis, and it increases vascular permeability and
vasodilation.
Coagulation cascade - CORRECT ANSWER -Factor XII activates kinin.
Function is to form fibrin mesh to stop bleeding and trap micro organisms.
COX1 - CORRECT ANSWER -Prostaglandin of arachidonic pathway.
Provides gastroprotection, platelet aggregation, fluid/electrolyte balance
COX2 - CORRECT ANSWER -Prostaglandin of arachidonic pathway.
Responsible for pain, fever, renal protection, tissue repair, reproduction
development.
COX2 inhibitors- clinical implications - CORRECT ANSWER -Protect gastric
mucosa- prevent ulcers and bleeding. Removed from market r/t cardiac events
except for Celebrex. Can impair renal function , monitor labs.
Alloimmunity and example of hypersensitivity - CORRECT ANSWER -When
an individuals immune system reacts against antigens on the tissues of other
members of the same species
Blood transfusions- causes clumping and lysis of RBC- fever, nausea, chills,
low back pain, dark urine, hives, itching, SOB
Rh incompatibility- hemolytic disease of newborn with jaundice, give Rhogam
within 72 hours of birth (Rh- mother with Rh+ child)
Autoimmunity and example of hypersensitivity - CORRECT ANSWER -A
breakdown of tolerance in which the bodies immune system begins to recognize
self-antigens as foreign.
ANSWERS UPDATED 2026 VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS ACTUAL UPDATED REAL EXAM QUESTIONS
GRADED A+
HIV EIA (3rd generation immunoassay) - CORRECT ANSWER -can use urine,
saliva, or serum (most accurate), need to wait until 12 weeks post exposure to
see antibodies, >99% accurate
4th generation immunoassay- "gold standard"
measures P24 antigen
can test 10 days post exposure
Mast cell - CORRECT ANSWER -Cellular bags of granules located in loose
connective tisssue close to blood vessels. Activation initiates inflammatory
process.
Histamine - CORRECT ANSWER -Causes vasodilation, increases vascular
permeability, increases blood flow to the site of injury- causes erythema and
swelling.
Cytokines - CORRECT ANSWER -Soluble factors that contribute to the
regulation of innate or adaptive resistance by affecting other neighboring cells.
Can be pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory. Can react quickly or be more
delayed.
Leukotrines - CORRECT ANSWER -Released when mast cells degranulate,
prolong the inflammatory process. Cause vasodilation, attract neutrophils,
monocytes, and eosinophils.target of inhibition for singular.
Prostaglandins - CORRECT ANSWER -Released when mast cells degranulate,
are produced by the arachidonic pathway. Cause vasodilation, platelet
aggregation at site of injury, pain, and fever.
,Chemotactic factors - CORRECT ANSWER -Biochemical substance that
attracts leukocyte to the site of inflammation
Neutrophils - CORRECT ANSWER -Predominant leukocyte at work during the
early stages of acute inflammation
Monocytes - CORRECT ANSWER -Become macrophages when entering the
tissue, responsible for presenting antigens to the CD4 cell which triggers T-cell
immunity and B-cell immunity.
Releases additional cytokines IL1, IL6, TNF.
Cytokine IL1 function - CORRECT ANSWER -Causes fever, activates
phagocytes & lymphocytes and also increases the release of IL6a
Cytokine IL6 function - CORRECT ANSWER -Stimulates production of acute
phase reactants and promotes growth and stimulation of RBCs
Cytokine TNF function - CORRECT ANSWER -Causes fever, increases
synthesis of proinflammatory proteins by liver, causes muscle wasting, induces
thrombosis
Cytokine growth factor function - CORRECT ANSWER -Promotes production
and maturation of neutrophils
Complement - CORRECT ANSWER -Functions include bacterial lysis,
vasodilation and increased vascular permeability, triggers mast cell
degranulation, chemotaxis, and opsonization.
, Kinin - CORRECT ANSWER -Converted to bradykinin which is responsible
for pain and chemotaxis, and it increases vascular permeability and
vasodilation.
Coagulation cascade - CORRECT ANSWER -Factor XII activates kinin.
Function is to form fibrin mesh to stop bleeding and trap micro organisms.
COX1 - CORRECT ANSWER -Prostaglandin of arachidonic pathway.
Provides gastroprotection, platelet aggregation, fluid/electrolyte balance
COX2 - CORRECT ANSWER -Prostaglandin of arachidonic pathway.
Responsible for pain, fever, renal protection, tissue repair, reproduction
development.
COX2 inhibitors- clinical implications - CORRECT ANSWER -Protect gastric
mucosa- prevent ulcers and bleeding. Removed from market r/t cardiac events
except for Celebrex. Can impair renal function , monitor labs.
Alloimmunity and example of hypersensitivity - CORRECT ANSWER -When
an individuals immune system reacts against antigens on the tissues of other
members of the same species
Blood transfusions- causes clumping and lysis of RBC- fever, nausea, chills,
low back pain, dark urine, hives, itching, SOB
Rh incompatibility- hemolytic disease of newborn with jaundice, give Rhogam
within 72 hours of birth (Rh- mother with Rh+ child)
Autoimmunity and example of hypersensitivity - CORRECT ANSWER -A
breakdown of tolerance in which the bodies immune system begins to recognize
self-antigens as foreign.
