NUR 374A Exam 2 2026 Expert
Verified | Ace the Test
Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Secreted by
immature placenta, signalling to corpus luteum to produce estrogen and
progesterone until placenta takes over the function
Protein hormone used for pregnancy tests - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔HCG! ~1500
levels
6-11 days after conception in serum
26 days after conception in urine
HCG levels - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔- Peaks around 10th gestational week
- Doubles every 2-3 days in embryonic stage
,- Drops may indicate miscarriage
- Slow rise = ectopic pregnancy
- fetal heart rate at 5000
Estrogen - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Produced by corpus luteum until 14 wks, then
placenta, levels are high throughout pregnancy
Progesterone - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Produced by corpus luteum until 14 wks,
then placenta, levels are high throughout pregnancy
- most important hormone in pregnancy bc it maintains endometrium +
prevents abortion by relaxing uterine + smooth muscles
Relaxin - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Inhibits uterine activity, increases to soften the
cervix and collagen of joints
Really kicks in @ 36 wks to widen pelvis
Pre-embryonic stage - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Fertilized ovum becomes a morula
and then blastocyst before entering the uterus
Embryonic stage - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔2-10 wks of gestation MOST
CRITICAL/VULNERABLE
Begins with implantation, cell division, movement, differentiation
,Establishes 90% of adult structures
*Spontaneous abortion common here
Ectopic pregnancy - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Pregnancy occurring outside of uterus
84% in fallopian tube
- Classified by site of implantation
- Leading cause of 1st trimester pregnancy related death
Ectopic pregnancy locations - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Cervix, ovary, fallopian tube,
abdominal organs
Ectopic pregnancy risk factors - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔- history of one
- pelvic infection
- pelvic surgery
- advanced maternal age
- cigarette smoking
- current IUD
- STI history (particularly gonorrhea or chlamydia -> PID)
COPYRIGHT©PROFFKERRYMARTIN 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE.
PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, Ectopic pregnancy s/s - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔- missed period or dark brown
bleeding
- unilateral pain/tenderness that escalates
- should pain or deep LQ pain (bc bleeding into peritoneal cavity radiates)
- vertigo, lightheadedness, hypotension (if there's internal bleeding)
Ectopic pregnancy Dx - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔- HCG levels that don't double
every 2 days/slow rising
- Transvaginal ultrasound by 5th week of pregnancy
Main concern of ectopic pregnancy - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Rupture and shock
Ectopic pregnancy medical tx - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔- Trexall (methotrexate) IM
- If HCG still going up after tx then MUST have surgery
Methotrexate Criteria - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔- Unruptured tube
- < 3.5 cms
- HCG levels LOWER than 5000
- no free fluid in peritoneum
- compliant w/ monitoring after
Verified | Ace the Test
Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Secreted by
immature placenta, signalling to corpus luteum to produce estrogen and
progesterone until placenta takes over the function
Protein hormone used for pregnancy tests - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔HCG! ~1500
levels
6-11 days after conception in serum
26 days after conception in urine
HCG levels - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔- Peaks around 10th gestational week
- Doubles every 2-3 days in embryonic stage
,- Drops may indicate miscarriage
- Slow rise = ectopic pregnancy
- fetal heart rate at 5000
Estrogen - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Produced by corpus luteum until 14 wks, then
placenta, levels are high throughout pregnancy
Progesterone - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Produced by corpus luteum until 14 wks,
then placenta, levels are high throughout pregnancy
- most important hormone in pregnancy bc it maintains endometrium +
prevents abortion by relaxing uterine + smooth muscles
Relaxin - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Inhibits uterine activity, increases to soften the
cervix and collagen of joints
Really kicks in @ 36 wks to widen pelvis
Pre-embryonic stage - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Fertilized ovum becomes a morula
and then blastocyst before entering the uterus
Embryonic stage - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔2-10 wks of gestation MOST
CRITICAL/VULNERABLE
Begins with implantation, cell division, movement, differentiation
,Establishes 90% of adult structures
*Spontaneous abortion common here
Ectopic pregnancy - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Pregnancy occurring outside of uterus
84% in fallopian tube
- Classified by site of implantation
- Leading cause of 1st trimester pregnancy related death
Ectopic pregnancy locations - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Cervix, ovary, fallopian tube,
abdominal organs
Ectopic pregnancy risk factors - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔- history of one
- pelvic infection
- pelvic surgery
- advanced maternal age
- cigarette smoking
- current IUD
- STI history (particularly gonorrhea or chlamydia -> PID)
COPYRIGHT©PROFFKERRYMARTIN 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE.
PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, Ectopic pregnancy s/s - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔- missed period or dark brown
bleeding
- unilateral pain/tenderness that escalates
- should pain or deep LQ pain (bc bleeding into peritoneal cavity radiates)
- vertigo, lightheadedness, hypotension (if there's internal bleeding)
Ectopic pregnancy Dx - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔- HCG levels that don't double
every 2 days/slow rising
- Transvaginal ultrasound by 5th week of pregnancy
Main concern of ectopic pregnancy - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Rupture and shock
Ectopic pregnancy medical tx - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔- Trexall (methotrexate) IM
- If HCG still going up after tx then MUST have surgery
Methotrexate Criteria - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔- Unruptured tube
- < 3.5 cms
- HCG levels LOWER than 5000
- no free fluid in peritoneum
- compliant w/ monitoring after
