NUR 374B Exam 3 2026 Expert
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cerebral palsy (CP) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔non-progressive and permanent
disorder impacting movement
- 4 types (spastic, dyskinetic, ataxic, mixed)
Spastic CP - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔stiff rigid difficult to move muscles
Dyskinetic CP - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔muscles alternating between increased and
decreased tone (cycle between slow and rapid jerky movements)
Ataxic CP - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔difficulty with coordination and steady gait
Mixed CP - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔combination of 2+ of spastic, dyskinetic, and
ataxic
,CP Causes - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Congenital or acquired
Acquired CP - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔within first 28 days, result of trauma, not
receiving vitamin K shot could pose a risk
CP Risk Factors - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔- Low birth weight
- Premie
- Multiple births
- Infertility procedures
- Maternal infection
- Jaundice/kernicterus
- Maternal thyroid/seizure disorder
- Birth complications
CP Feeding Difficulties - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔May have less/no ability to
chew/swallow
CP Feeding pt Ed - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔- upright position
- soft/blended foods
- extra time
,- adaptive utensils
- encourage self feeding
- GJ tubes
CP seizures - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔really important to give seizure meds on time
everyday
CP treatments - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔- Multidisplinary support for
development/motor skills
- anti-spastic injections, muscle relaxers, and botox
Neural Tube Defects causes - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔- multifactorial
- folate deficiency
- seizure medications
Neural tube defect dx - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔- 16-18 weeks gestation, elevated
alpha-fetoprotein in amniotic fluid
Spina Bifida (SB) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔failure of neural tube to fuse in the lower
spinal area
- results in open vertebral arches and a sac protruding from spinal area
COPYRIGHT©PROFFKERRYMARTIN 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE.
PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, - 4 types
Spina Bifida occulta - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔defect not visible externally
-most common and least severe form
- usually L5 to S1 (lumbosacral area)
Spina Bifida Occulta s/s - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔- usually asymptomatic
- skin depression/dimple at lower spine
- port wine angiomatous nevi
- dark tufts of hair
- soft subcutaneous lipomas
Spina bifida cystica - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔visible defect with external saclike
protrusion
- meningocele and myelomeningocele subtypes
meningocele spina bifida - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔obvious protrusion involving
ONLY the meninges filled with spinal fluid
- usually no neurological deficits bc nerve/cord isn't involved
Verified | Ace the Test
cerebral palsy (CP) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔non-progressive and permanent
disorder impacting movement
- 4 types (spastic, dyskinetic, ataxic, mixed)
Spastic CP - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔stiff rigid difficult to move muscles
Dyskinetic CP - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔muscles alternating between increased and
decreased tone (cycle between slow and rapid jerky movements)
Ataxic CP - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔difficulty with coordination and steady gait
Mixed CP - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔combination of 2+ of spastic, dyskinetic, and
ataxic
,CP Causes - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Congenital or acquired
Acquired CP - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔within first 28 days, result of trauma, not
receiving vitamin K shot could pose a risk
CP Risk Factors - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔- Low birth weight
- Premie
- Multiple births
- Infertility procedures
- Maternal infection
- Jaundice/kernicterus
- Maternal thyroid/seizure disorder
- Birth complications
CP Feeding Difficulties - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔May have less/no ability to
chew/swallow
CP Feeding pt Ed - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔- upright position
- soft/blended foods
- extra time
,- adaptive utensils
- encourage self feeding
- GJ tubes
CP seizures - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔really important to give seizure meds on time
everyday
CP treatments - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔- Multidisplinary support for
development/motor skills
- anti-spastic injections, muscle relaxers, and botox
Neural Tube Defects causes - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔- multifactorial
- folate deficiency
- seizure medications
Neural tube defect dx - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔- 16-18 weeks gestation, elevated
alpha-fetoprotein in amniotic fluid
Spina Bifida (SB) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔failure of neural tube to fuse in the lower
spinal area
- results in open vertebral arches and a sac protruding from spinal area
COPYRIGHT©PROFFKERRYMARTIN 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE.
PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, - 4 types
Spina Bifida occulta - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔defect not visible externally
-most common and least severe form
- usually L5 to S1 (lumbosacral area)
Spina Bifida Occulta s/s - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔- usually asymptomatic
- skin depression/dimple at lower spine
- port wine angiomatous nevi
- dark tufts of hair
- soft subcutaneous lipomas
Spina bifida cystica - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔visible defect with external saclike
protrusion
- meningocele and myelomeningocele subtypes
meningocele spina bifida - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔obvious protrusion involving
ONLY the meninges filled with spinal fluid
- usually no neurological deficits bc nerve/cord isn't involved
