CVS 100 EXAM 3 STUDY GUIDE
2026/2027 COMPLETE QUESTIONS
WITH VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS ||
100% GUARANTEED PASS
<NEWEST VERSION>
1. Patient position and preparation - ANSWER ✔ - Basic 3 lead EKG
- patient is in left lateral decubitus position
- place transducer to the left sternum in 2nd - 3rd intercostal space
- index directed towards patient right shoulder
-septum horizontal( anterior aortic wall)
- do not visualize apex
2. Transducer - ANSWER ✔ Phased array, 2-3.5 MHz most frequently for
adults
3. Homogeneous - ANSWER ✔ Uniform gray scale
4. Echogenic - ANSWER ✔ Reflective
5. Anechoic - ANSWER ✔ without echoes, black
6. Hypoechoic - ANSWER ✔ low level echoes, darker gray
,7. Hyperechoic - ANSWER ✔ Brighter echoes and appears almost white (ex:
peri)
8. Depth of view - ANSWER ✔ Image should be approximately 2/3rd of the
screen. (distance from the surface of the skin into the body)
9. Focal zone (focus) - ANSWER ✔ Focus at valve level. (narrowest region of
interest of the ultrasound beam that exhibits the best spatial resolution)
The pericardium is: - ANSWER ✔ The most echogenic structure that appears
very bright
10.Anatomy seen in the PSLA: - ANSWER ✔ -Anterior Right Heart Wall
(ARHW)
-Right ventricle (RV)
-Interventricular septum (IVS)
-Left ventricle (LV)
-Left ventricular posterior wall (LVPW)
-Anterior Aortic Wall (AAW)
-Aortic Valve (AOV) (RCC/NCC)
-Posterior Aortic Wall (PAW)
-Mitral valve (MV) (AML/PML)
-Left atrium (LA)
-Descending Aorta (DA)
-Pericardium (PERI)
11.RVIT: - ANSWER ✔ Right ventricular inflow tract
,12.From PSLA view, angle the beam: - ANSWER ✔ Medial and inferior
towards the right hip
13.Anatomy seen in the RVIT is: - ANSWER ✔ Right atrium (RA), Right
ventricle (RV), and the Tricuspid valve (TV) anterior and posterior leaflets
14.RVIT is helpful in: - ANSWER ✔ Evaluating diseases of the TV and other
diseases of the right heart. With color you can look for regurgitation
(backward flow of blood into the right atria)
15.EV: - ANSWER ✔ Eustachian valve
16.From the PSLA view, angle the beam: - ANSWER ✔ Superior and lateral
towards the patients left shoulder
17.Anatomy seen in PSLA view: - ANSWER ✔ Pulmonic valve (PV), Right
ventricle (RV), and Main Pulmonary Artery (MPA)
18.This view is also known as: - ANSWER ✔ Conus Arteriosus or
Infundibulum
19.Epicardium: - ANSWER ✔ Thin, smooth outside layer and covers the
surface of the heart and extends to the great vessels
20.What layer of the pericardium is the epicardium? - ANSWER ✔ Visceral
layer
, 21.Risk factors for carotid artery disease - ANSWER ✔ High levels of low
density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood
High blood pressure
Diabetes
Smoking
Obesity
Lack of exercise
Family history of coronary artery disease or any of the above risk factors
22.term used to describe am atherosclerotic lesion in an artery - ANSWER ✔
Plaque
23.Plaque consists of - ANSWER ✔ Platelets
Fibrin
Lipids
Calcium
24.Plaque occurs more commonly where - ANSWER ✔ where vessels bifurcate
25.Plaque causes cerebrovascular symptoms in what two ways - ANSWER ✔
By restricting flow
By Generating emboli from plaque
26.Three types of plaque - ANSWER ✔ Soft/homogeneous
Heterogeneous
2026/2027 COMPLETE QUESTIONS
WITH VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS ||
100% GUARANTEED PASS
<NEWEST VERSION>
1. Patient position and preparation - ANSWER ✔ - Basic 3 lead EKG
- patient is in left lateral decubitus position
- place transducer to the left sternum in 2nd - 3rd intercostal space
- index directed towards patient right shoulder
-septum horizontal( anterior aortic wall)
- do not visualize apex
2. Transducer - ANSWER ✔ Phased array, 2-3.5 MHz most frequently for
adults
3. Homogeneous - ANSWER ✔ Uniform gray scale
4. Echogenic - ANSWER ✔ Reflective
5. Anechoic - ANSWER ✔ without echoes, black
6. Hypoechoic - ANSWER ✔ low level echoes, darker gray
,7. Hyperechoic - ANSWER ✔ Brighter echoes and appears almost white (ex:
peri)
8. Depth of view - ANSWER ✔ Image should be approximately 2/3rd of the
screen. (distance from the surface of the skin into the body)
9. Focal zone (focus) - ANSWER ✔ Focus at valve level. (narrowest region of
interest of the ultrasound beam that exhibits the best spatial resolution)
The pericardium is: - ANSWER ✔ The most echogenic structure that appears
very bright
10.Anatomy seen in the PSLA: - ANSWER ✔ -Anterior Right Heart Wall
(ARHW)
-Right ventricle (RV)
-Interventricular septum (IVS)
-Left ventricle (LV)
-Left ventricular posterior wall (LVPW)
-Anterior Aortic Wall (AAW)
-Aortic Valve (AOV) (RCC/NCC)
-Posterior Aortic Wall (PAW)
-Mitral valve (MV) (AML/PML)
-Left atrium (LA)
-Descending Aorta (DA)
-Pericardium (PERI)
11.RVIT: - ANSWER ✔ Right ventricular inflow tract
,12.From PSLA view, angle the beam: - ANSWER ✔ Medial and inferior
towards the right hip
13.Anatomy seen in the RVIT is: - ANSWER ✔ Right atrium (RA), Right
ventricle (RV), and the Tricuspid valve (TV) anterior and posterior leaflets
14.RVIT is helpful in: - ANSWER ✔ Evaluating diseases of the TV and other
diseases of the right heart. With color you can look for regurgitation
(backward flow of blood into the right atria)
15.EV: - ANSWER ✔ Eustachian valve
16.From the PSLA view, angle the beam: - ANSWER ✔ Superior and lateral
towards the patients left shoulder
17.Anatomy seen in PSLA view: - ANSWER ✔ Pulmonic valve (PV), Right
ventricle (RV), and Main Pulmonary Artery (MPA)
18.This view is also known as: - ANSWER ✔ Conus Arteriosus or
Infundibulum
19.Epicardium: - ANSWER ✔ Thin, smooth outside layer and covers the
surface of the heart and extends to the great vessels
20.What layer of the pericardium is the epicardium? - ANSWER ✔ Visceral
layer
, 21.Risk factors for carotid artery disease - ANSWER ✔ High levels of low
density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood
High blood pressure
Diabetes
Smoking
Obesity
Lack of exercise
Family history of coronary artery disease or any of the above risk factors
22.term used to describe am atherosclerotic lesion in an artery - ANSWER ✔
Plaque
23.Plaque consists of - ANSWER ✔ Platelets
Fibrin
Lipids
Calcium
24.Plaque occurs more commonly where - ANSWER ✔ where vessels bifurcate
25.Plaque causes cerebrovascular symptoms in what two ways - ANSWER ✔
By restricting flow
By Generating emboli from plaque
26.Three types of plaque - ANSWER ✔ Soft/homogeneous
Heterogeneous
