CVS 100 EXAM 4 STUDY GUIDE
2026/2027 COMPLETE QUESTIONS
WITH VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS ||
100% GUARANTEED PASS
<NEWEST VERSION>
1. the heart is a ___ organ - ANSWER ✔ hollow and muscular
2. the heart sits in - ANSWER ✔ middle of the chest, in thoracic cavity, little
left of the midline
3. the heart lies between ___ and ___ spaces - ANSWER ✔ 3rd and 5th,
between the ribs
4. pericardium is also known as - ANSWER ✔ fluid-filled heart sac
5. there is about ___ mL of slippery fluid inside pericardium - ANSWER ✔
10-50 mL
6. fluid inside the pericardium helps to - ANSWER ✔ stop friction as the heart
beats
,7. the pericardium also surrounds - ANSWER ✔ beginning portions of the
main blood vessels leaving and entering the heart (aorta, vena cava,
pulmonary artery)
8. the pericardium helps protect the heart from - ANSWER ✔ infection, injury,
rubbing, and allows the heart to pump freely
9. pericardium two layers - ANSWER ✔ outer layer and inner layer
10.pericardium outer layer - ANSWER ✔ fibrous pericardium ... tough, loose,
elastic covering made of connecting tissue
11.pericardium inner layer - ANSWER ✔ serous pericardium ... made of two
thin layers (parietal and visceral)
12.serous pericardium two layers - ANSWER ✔ parietal and visceral layers
13.PSSA mitral level - ANSWER ✔ angle beam slightly downward (inferior)
and lateral
14.what you see at PSSA mitral level - ANSWER ✔ right ventricle
IVS
left ventricle
AML
PML
15.at PSSA mitral level, evaluate - ANSWER ✔ - leaflet movement and
thickness to check for stiffness
, - prolapse
- other valve problems
16.PSSA papillary muscle level - ANSWER ✔ this view is obtained by angling
the beam slightly more inferior and lateral from the MV level
17.what you see at PSSA PAP level - ANSWER ✔ right ventricle
IVS
left ventricle
PPM
APM
18.at PSSA pap level, evaluate - ANSWER ✔ - papillary muscle rupture
- left ventricle contraction strength
- segmental wall motion (how each section of the wall moves)
19.Which valve protects the coronary sinus to the right atrium? - ANSWER ✔
Thebesian valve
20.What type of tissue forms the Thebesian valve? - ANSWER ✔ Flap of tissue
21.What bulge is formed on the medial right atrium wall? - ANSWER ✔ Torus
aorticus
22.Which valve protects the inferior vena cava to the right atrium? - ANSWER
✔ Eustachian valve
, 23.What fenestrated structure is associated with the Eustachian valve? -
ANSWER ✔ Chiari network
24.What is the tricuspid valve area? - ANSWER ✔ 7-9 cm²
25.What is the mitral valve area? - ANSWER ✔ 4-6 cm²
26.What is the aortic valve area? - ANSWER ✔ 2-4 cm²
27.What is the pulmonic valve area? - ANSWER ✔ 2-4 cm²
28.Which valve has the largest normal area? - ANSWER ✔ Tricuspid valve
29.What is the term for no wall motion? - ANSWER ✔ Akinetic
30.What is the term for decreased wall motion? - ANSWER ✔ Hypokinetic
31.What is the term for increased wall motion? - ANSWER ✔ Hyperkinetic
32.What is the term for abnormal wall motion? - ANSWER ✔ Dyskinetic
33.What is the term for opposite-direction wall motion? - ANSWER ✔
Paradoxical
2026/2027 COMPLETE QUESTIONS
WITH VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS ||
100% GUARANTEED PASS
<NEWEST VERSION>
1. the heart is a ___ organ - ANSWER ✔ hollow and muscular
2. the heart sits in - ANSWER ✔ middle of the chest, in thoracic cavity, little
left of the midline
3. the heart lies between ___ and ___ spaces - ANSWER ✔ 3rd and 5th,
between the ribs
4. pericardium is also known as - ANSWER ✔ fluid-filled heart sac
5. there is about ___ mL of slippery fluid inside pericardium - ANSWER ✔
10-50 mL
6. fluid inside the pericardium helps to - ANSWER ✔ stop friction as the heart
beats
,7. the pericardium also surrounds - ANSWER ✔ beginning portions of the
main blood vessels leaving and entering the heart (aorta, vena cava,
pulmonary artery)
8. the pericardium helps protect the heart from - ANSWER ✔ infection, injury,
rubbing, and allows the heart to pump freely
9. pericardium two layers - ANSWER ✔ outer layer and inner layer
10.pericardium outer layer - ANSWER ✔ fibrous pericardium ... tough, loose,
elastic covering made of connecting tissue
11.pericardium inner layer - ANSWER ✔ serous pericardium ... made of two
thin layers (parietal and visceral)
12.serous pericardium two layers - ANSWER ✔ parietal and visceral layers
13.PSSA mitral level - ANSWER ✔ angle beam slightly downward (inferior)
and lateral
14.what you see at PSSA mitral level - ANSWER ✔ right ventricle
IVS
left ventricle
AML
PML
15.at PSSA mitral level, evaluate - ANSWER ✔ - leaflet movement and
thickness to check for stiffness
, - prolapse
- other valve problems
16.PSSA papillary muscle level - ANSWER ✔ this view is obtained by angling
the beam slightly more inferior and lateral from the MV level
17.what you see at PSSA PAP level - ANSWER ✔ right ventricle
IVS
left ventricle
PPM
APM
18.at PSSA pap level, evaluate - ANSWER ✔ - papillary muscle rupture
- left ventricle contraction strength
- segmental wall motion (how each section of the wall moves)
19.Which valve protects the coronary sinus to the right atrium? - ANSWER ✔
Thebesian valve
20.What type of tissue forms the Thebesian valve? - ANSWER ✔ Flap of tissue
21.What bulge is formed on the medial right atrium wall? - ANSWER ✔ Torus
aorticus
22.Which valve protects the inferior vena cava to the right atrium? - ANSWER
✔ Eustachian valve
, 23.What fenestrated structure is associated with the Eustachian valve? -
ANSWER ✔ Chiari network
24.What is the tricuspid valve area? - ANSWER ✔ 7-9 cm²
25.What is the mitral valve area? - ANSWER ✔ 4-6 cm²
26.What is the aortic valve area? - ANSWER ✔ 2-4 cm²
27.What is the pulmonic valve area? - ANSWER ✔ 2-4 cm²
28.Which valve has the largest normal area? - ANSWER ✔ Tricuspid valve
29.What is the term for no wall motion? - ANSWER ✔ Akinetic
30.What is the term for decreased wall motion? - ANSWER ✔ Hypokinetic
31.What is the term for increased wall motion? - ANSWER ✔ Hyperkinetic
32.What is the term for abnormal wall motion? - ANSWER ✔ Dyskinetic
33.What is the term for opposite-direction wall motion? - ANSWER ✔
Paradoxical
