NSG 301 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2026
The nurse works in a hospital. What precautions are necessary to help prevent healthcare-associated
infections? Select all that apply.
A) Frequently irrigate urinary catheters
B) Insert drug additives to IV fluids
C) Ensure a closed urinary catheter drainage system
D) Change the IV access site if inflamed
E) Use aseptic technique when suctioning the airway - Answers C, D, E
A patient admitted to the hospital for fever, diarrhea, and vomiting receives the lab reports. The
neutrophils are 20%. The patient becomes worried and asks a nurse about it. What probable reason
for reduced neutrophil count should the nurse tell the patient?
A) Sepsis
B) Allergy
C) Viral Infection
D) Mild food poisoning - Answers A
Which practice should the nurse follow while preparing an individually wrapped sterile drape?
A) Avoid holding the drape above the waist and away
B) Avoid using thumb and index finger to lift the drape out of its cover
C) Avoid touching the other 1-inch margin on the outside covering
D) Avoid placing the lower section of the drape on the designated work surface farthest away -
Answers C
During a health fair a nurse examines a family of four people. The 66-year-old father is healthy with
no history of respiratory problems. The 60-year-old mother has a family history of chronic respiratory
problems. Their 26-year-old son and 20-year-old daughter have been on medication for asthma since
birth. Who should be given the pneumonia vaccine in this case? Select all that apply
A) Father
B) Mother
C) Son
D) Daughter
E) None of the family members - Answers A, B, C, D
A patient is diagnosed with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection of the
respiratory system and has a productive cough. A nurse auscultates the lungs and finds that the
breath sounds are clear. The disposable thermometer used by the nurse indicates fever. The nurse
collects a urine specimen of the patient as ordered. What interventions should the nurse perform to
prevent spread of infection? Select all that apply
A) Confirm the fever using an electronic thermometer
B) Clean the bell and diaphragm of the stethoscope with soap and water
C) Place specimen containers on a clean paper towel in the patient's bathroom
D) Label the specimen in the bathroom where samples of patient's are collected
E) Review agency policies and precautions necessary for the specific isolation system - Answers A, C, E
A hospital employee fails to properly dispose of a syringe used on a patient, and sustains a needle
stick injury. A nurse in the emergency department assesses the hospital employee knowing that the
employee is at risk for contracting numerous illnesses from the needle stick injury. Which types of
infections could be contracted from the needle stick? Select all that apply
A) Hepatitis A
B) Hepatitis B
C) Hepatitis C
D) HIV
E) Tuberculosis - Answers B, C, D
The nurse works in a hospital. The nurse understands that healthcare-associated infections (HAI) are
difficult to treat. Which patient may be at increased risk of developing HAI? Select all that apply
A) A patient who underwent bronchoscopy
B) A patient who receives broad-spectrum antibiotics
C) A patient who has an indwelling urinary catheter
D) A patient suffering from diabetes mellitus
E) A patient who has a fever - Answers A, B, C, D
, While dressing a wound, the nurse finds that a patient has uncontrolled wound drainage. Which
interventions should the nurse perform in order to extend further care to the patient? Select all that
apply
A) Use a fit-tested-N95 respirator
B) Perform hand hygiene prior to wearing gloves
C) Transfer the patient to a reverse ventilation room
D) Mark "Isolation Precautions Required" on the chart
E) Apply gloves and a gown when touching the patient - Answers B, D, E
While preparing to do a sterile dressing change, a nurse accidentally sneezes over the sterile field that
is on the over-the-bed table. Which of the following, if any, has the nurse violated?
A) When a sterile field comes in contact with a wet surface, the sterile field is contaminated by
capillary action
B) Fluid flows in the direction of gravity
C) A sterile field becomes contaminated by prolonged exposure to air
D) None of the principles were violated - Answers C
On reviewing the laboratory reports of a patient with a urinary tract infection, the nurse finds the
WBC count to be 10,000 cells/mm^3. The urine culture and sensitivity indicates no infection and the
erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is normal. Which conditions does the nurse infer from these
findings? Select all that apply
A) Subsided infection
B) Resistance to antibiotics
C) Mounting immune response
D) Increased response to current therapy
E) Good response to current therapy - Answers A, E
A nurse is teaching a patient about the body's defenses against infection. Which areas of the human
body should the nurse include that have normal flora on their surface? Select all that apply
A) Skin
B) Lower throat
C) Upper urethra
D) Large intestine
E) Lower intestine - Answers A, D, E
A 56-year-old immigrant patient has severe productive cough. The patient is diagnosed with
tuberculosis (TB) and is placed in an isolation room. What are the possible reasons for this action?
Select all that apply
A) To perform a chest x-ray
B) To prevent the spread of infection
C) To provide intravenous fluids
D) To prevent patient's exposure to other infections
E) To restrict the patient's movement - Answers B, D
While dressing a surgical abdominal wound, the nurse notices that the patient has developed a
localized infection. Which signs and symptoms does the nurse find in this patient? Select all that apply
A) Fever
B) Swelling
C) Redness
D) Tenderness
E) Increased heart rate ` - Answers B, C, D
The nurse is learning about various modes of infection transmission. What are the vehicles for
transmission of infection? Select all that apply
A) Mosquito
B) Flies
C) Blood
D) Food
E) Water - Answers C, D, E
A patient is isolated for pulmonary tuberculosis. The nurse notes that the patient seems to be angry,
but knows that this is a normal response to isolation. Which is the best intervention?
A) Provide a dark, quiet room to calm the patient
B) Reduce the level of precautions to keep the patient from becoming angry
The nurse works in a hospital. What precautions are necessary to help prevent healthcare-associated
infections? Select all that apply.
A) Frequently irrigate urinary catheters
B) Insert drug additives to IV fluids
C) Ensure a closed urinary catheter drainage system
D) Change the IV access site if inflamed
E) Use aseptic technique when suctioning the airway - Answers C, D, E
A patient admitted to the hospital for fever, diarrhea, and vomiting receives the lab reports. The
neutrophils are 20%. The patient becomes worried and asks a nurse about it. What probable reason
for reduced neutrophil count should the nurse tell the patient?
A) Sepsis
B) Allergy
C) Viral Infection
D) Mild food poisoning - Answers A
Which practice should the nurse follow while preparing an individually wrapped sterile drape?
A) Avoid holding the drape above the waist and away
B) Avoid using thumb and index finger to lift the drape out of its cover
C) Avoid touching the other 1-inch margin on the outside covering
D) Avoid placing the lower section of the drape on the designated work surface farthest away -
Answers C
During a health fair a nurse examines a family of four people. The 66-year-old father is healthy with
no history of respiratory problems. The 60-year-old mother has a family history of chronic respiratory
problems. Their 26-year-old son and 20-year-old daughter have been on medication for asthma since
birth. Who should be given the pneumonia vaccine in this case? Select all that apply
A) Father
B) Mother
C) Son
D) Daughter
E) None of the family members - Answers A, B, C, D
A patient is diagnosed with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection of the
respiratory system and has a productive cough. A nurse auscultates the lungs and finds that the
breath sounds are clear. The disposable thermometer used by the nurse indicates fever. The nurse
collects a urine specimen of the patient as ordered. What interventions should the nurse perform to
prevent spread of infection? Select all that apply
A) Confirm the fever using an electronic thermometer
B) Clean the bell and diaphragm of the stethoscope with soap and water
C) Place specimen containers on a clean paper towel in the patient's bathroom
D) Label the specimen in the bathroom where samples of patient's are collected
E) Review agency policies and precautions necessary for the specific isolation system - Answers A, C, E
A hospital employee fails to properly dispose of a syringe used on a patient, and sustains a needle
stick injury. A nurse in the emergency department assesses the hospital employee knowing that the
employee is at risk for contracting numerous illnesses from the needle stick injury. Which types of
infections could be contracted from the needle stick? Select all that apply
A) Hepatitis A
B) Hepatitis B
C) Hepatitis C
D) HIV
E) Tuberculosis - Answers B, C, D
The nurse works in a hospital. The nurse understands that healthcare-associated infections (HAI) are
difficult to treat. Which patient may be at increased risk of developing HAI? Select all that apply
A) A patient who underwent bronchoscopy
B) A patient who receives broad-spectrum antibiotics
C) A patient who has an indwelling urinary catheter
D) A patient suffering from diabetes mellitus
E) A patient who has a fever - Answers A, B, C, D
, While dressing a wound, the nurse finds that a patient has uncontrolled wound drainage. Which
interventions should the nurse perform in order to extend further care to the patient? Select all that
apply
A) Use a fit-tested-N95 respirator
B) Perform hand hygiene prior to wearing gloves
C) Transfer the patient to a reverse ventilation room
D) Mark "Isolation Precautions Required" on the chart
E) Apply gloves and a gown when touching the patient - Answers B, D, E
While preparing to do a sterile dressing change, a nurse accidentally sneezes over the sterile field that
is on the over-the-bed table. Which of the following, if any, has the nurse violated?
A) When a sterile field comes in contact with a wet surface, the sterile field is contaminated by
capillary action
B) Fluid flows in the direction of gravity
C) A sterile field becomes contaminated by prolonged exposure to air
D) None of the principles were violated - Answers C
On reviewing the laboratory reports of a patient with a urinary tract infection, the nurse finds the
WBC count to be 10,000 cells/mm^3. The urine culture and sensitivity indicates no infection and the
erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is normal. Which conditions does the nurse infer from these
findings? Select all that apply
A) Subsided infection
B) Resistance to antibiotics
C) Mounting immune response
D) Increased response to current therapy
E) Good response to current therapy - Answers A, E
A nurse is teaching a patient about the body's defenses against infection. Which areas of the human
body should the nurse include that have normal flora on their surface? Select all that apply
A) Skin
B) Lower throat
C) Upper urethra
D) Large intestine
E) Lower intestine - Answers A, D, E
A 56-year-old immigrant patient has severe productive cough. The patient is diagnosed with
tuberculosis (TB) and is placed in an isolation room. What are the possible reasons for this action?
Select all that apply
A) To perform a chest x-ray
B) To prevent the spread of infection
C) To provide intravenous fluids
D) To prevent patient's exposure to other infections
E) To restrict the patient's movement - Answers B, D
While dressing a surgical abdominal wound, the nurse notices that the patient has developed a
localized infection. Which signs and symptoms does the nurse find in this patient? Select all that apply
A) Fever
B) Swelling
C) Redness
D) Tenderness
E) Increased heart rate ` - Answers B, C, D
The nurse is learning about various modes of infection transmission. What are the vehicles for
transmission of infection? Select all that apply
A) Mosquito
B) Flies
C) Blood
D) Food
E) Water - Answers C, D, E
A patient is isolated for pulmonary tuberculosis. The nurse notes that the patient seems to be angry,
but knows that this is a normal response to isolation. Which is the best intervention?
A) Provide a dark, quiet room to calm the patient
B) Reduce the level of precautions to keep the patient from becoming angry
