EFDA Final Exam Study Guide – Tooth Anatomy, Identification
& Dental Structures|Questions Verified with C omplete A+
Graded Rationales Latest Updated 2026
Arch, quadrant & name are all terms associated with what?
Tooth Identification
Federation Dentaire international is the primary tooth numbering system used in the United
States.
False
the midline is the point of reference used when distinguishing mesial surfaces from distal
surfaces on the teeth in the mouth.
True
what are the four histological structures of a tooth?
Enamel, Dentin, Cementum, pulp
what is the portion of the tooth that extends from the incisal or occlusal surface to the enamels
junction with the cementum of the root?
Anatomical crown
what is the visible portion of the anatomical crown extending from the crest of the soft tissue
and includes the occlusal surface or incisal edge?
clinical crown
what is the point or area where approximating teeth in the same arch touch or meet each
other?
contact area
what is the spaces adjacent to and surrounding the contact of the teeth in the same arch?
embrasures
what are the four embrasure areas that surround the proximal contact area?
incisal or occlusal, facial or buccal, lingual, gingival
what covers the anatomical crown of the tooth and varies in thickness in different areas of the
tooth?
,enamel
what kind of cells produce enamel and form enamel rods?
ameloblasts
what is the hard connective tissue lying inside the enamel and cementum and is normally
yellowish white?
dentin
what is dentin formed by?
odontoblasts
what forms cementum?
cementoblasts
acellular cementum is located at the apex of a root and can regenerate itself if damaged or
removed.
false
cellular cementum extends from the CEJ towards the root apex and cannot regenerate itself if
damaged or removed.
false
what are the four functions of the pulp?
formative, nutritive, sensory, defensive
which irritants can lead to responses that are related to the defensive function of the pulp?
chemical, bacterial, mechanical, thermal
what is found on the Moof a maxillary first molar?
cusp of carabeli
what is the linear elevation on a tooth?
transverse ridge
what is the division of multiple roots?
furcation
, what is the rounded mesial and distal borders of enamel found on the occlusal surface of
posterior teeth and on the linguals of anterior teeth?
marginal ridges
where does the enamel and cementum meet?
cementoenamel junction (CEJ)
what extends across from the DB to ML of maxillary molars on the occlusal surface?
oblique ridge
which concavities are found on the occlusal surface of posterior teeth and lingual surface of
anterior teeth?
fossae's
what separates the cusps of teeth?
grooves
what is the very small depression extending across marginal ridges on the posterior teeth?
spillway
what is the incomplete closure of enamel that appears as faint, thin grooves?
fissures
what consists of the oral hard and soft tissues that support the teeth?
the periodontium
which part of the periodontium consists of free and attached gingiva and the alveolar mucosa?
the gingival unit
which part of the periodontium consists of the cementum, periodontal ligaments and alveolar
process?
the attachment apparatus
the tooth is surrounded by a cuff of tissue that is not attached to the tooth called what?
free gingiva
which portion of the free gingiva is located in the interproximal areas?
the interdental papilla
& Dental Structures|Questions Verified with C omplete A+
Graded Rationales Latest Updated 2026
Arch, quadrant & name are all terms associated with what?
Tooth Identification
Federation Dentaire international is the primary tooth numbering system used in the United
States.
False
the midline is the point of reference used when distinguishing mesial surfaces from distal
surfaces on the teeth in the mouth.
True
what are the four histological structures of a tooth?
Enamel, Dentin, Cementum, pulp
what is the portion of the tooth that extends from the incisal or occlusal surface to the enamels
junction with the cementum of the root?
Anatomical crown
what is the visible portion of the anatomical crown extending from the crest of the soft tissue
and includes the occlusal surface or incisal edge?
clinical crown
what is the point or area where approximating teeth in the same arch touch or meet each
other?
contact area
what is the spaces adjacent to and surrounding the contact of the teeth in the same arch?
embrasures
what are the four embrasure areas that surround the proximal contact area?
incisal or occlusal, facial or buccal, lingual, gingival
what covers the anatomical crown of the tooth and varies in thickness in different areas of the
tooth?
,enamel
what kind of cells produce enamel and form enamel rods?
ameloblasts
what is the hard connective tissue lying inside the enamel and cementum and is normally
yellowish white?
dentin
what is dentin formed by?
odontoblasts
what forms cementum?
cementoblasts
acellular cementum is located at the apex of a root and can regenerate itself if damaged or
removed.
false
cellular cementum extends from the CEJ towards the root apex and cannot regenerate itself if
damaged or removed.
false
what are the four functions of the pulp?
formative, nutritive, sensory, defensive
which irritants can lead to responses that are related to the defensive function of the pulp?
chemical, bacterial, mechanical, thermal
what is found on the Moof a maxillary first molar?
cusp of carabeli
what is the linear elevation on a tooth?
transverse ridge
what is the division of multiple roots?
furcation
, what is the rounded mesial and distal borders of enamel found on the occlusal surface of
posterior teeth and on the linguals of anterior teeth?
marginal ridges
where does the enamel and cementum meet?
cementoenamel junction (CEJ)
what extends across from the DB to ML of maxillary molars on the occlusal surface?
oblique ridge
which concavities are found on the occlusal surface of posterior teeth and lingual surface of
anterior teeth?
fossae's
what separates the cusps of teeth?
grooves
what is the very small depression extending across marginal ridges on the posterior teeth?
spillway
what is the incomplete closure of enamel that appears as faint, thin grooves?
fissures
what consists of the oral hard and soft tissues that support the teeth?
the periodontium
which part of the periodontium consists of free and attached gingiva and the alveolar mucosa?
the gingival unit
which part of the periodontium consists of the cementum, periodontal ligaments and alveolar
process?
the attachment apparatus
the tooth is surrounded by a cuff of tissue that is not attached to the tooth called what?
free gingiva
which portion of the free gingiva is located in the interproximal areas?
the interdental papilla
