ONS ONCC ACTUAL EXAMINATION 2026
QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT
ANSWERS GRADED A+
⫸ Due to Mrs. Turner's age and comorbidities, her oncologist performs
a comprehensive geriatric assessment. You know that this assessment
covers all but which of the following: Answer: A comprehensive
geriatric assessment (CGA) is a multidisciplinary evaluation to assess
life expectancy and risk of morbidity and mortality in the older patient.
This assessment tool would evaluate and include the following areas:
functional status, socioeconomic issues, psychosocial distress,
comorbidities, cognitive function, nutritional status, polypharmacy, and
a medication review (NCCN Older Adult Oncology Guidelines, version
1.2015).
⫸ The NCCN Older Adult Oncology Guidelines (version 1.2015)
provides information on what is included in a comprehensive geriatric
assessment. Currently, more than 60% of cancers in the United States
occur in people age ______and older and as the oncology world ages,
nearly half (46%) of cancer survivors are 70 years of age or older
Answer: 65
⫸ What is your best explanation for why Mrs. Turner was given a port
to receive her chemotherapy? Answer: Two of the agents (docetaxel and
carboplatin) that Mrs. Turner will receive are categorized as irritants.
Docetaxel can cause a significant reaction if it extravasates. It can lead
to edema, erythema, occasional pain and blister formation (ONS
Chemo/Bio guidelines, 2014). That is the most likely reason that Mrs.
Turner was given a port for her treatments. Some patients will receive
,their treatments through a peripheral IV without incident. Just because
they are intravenous agents does not mean that a port is required and
needing a port has nothing to do with her being older in age. Since none
of these agents are vesicants, they likely could have been given safely
via peripheral route but having a port placed is OK as well.
⫸ _____________can cause inflammation, pain, and burning but rarely
cause tissue necrosis comparable to a vesicant (unless a large amount or
a very high concentration of the irritant is extravasated). Answer:
Irrirtants
⫸ _____________can cause blistering and significant pain and tissue
damage and destruction, leading to tissue death. Answer: Vesicants
⫸ A further classification of an antineoplastic agent's potential to cause
damage is whether its mechanism of action includes DNA binding.
Answer: Non-DNA-binding solutions remain in the local area of the
extravasation, which improves the possibility of drug deactivation.
DNA-binding agents attach to DNA nucleic acids, causing the
antagonist to be ingested cellularly, leading to progressive tissue
destruction
⫸ DNA Binding Irritants Answer: Bendamustinea
Dactinomycin
Daunorubicin
Doxorubicin
, Epirubicin
Idarubicin
Mechlorethamine
Mitomycin
⫸ DNA Nonbinding vessicants Answer: Amsacrine
Paclitaxel
Vinblastine
Vincristine
Vindesine
Vinorelbine
⫸ Extravasciation Alkylating / Mechlorethamine tx Answer: Sodium
thiosulfate
Inject 2 ml of sodium thiosulfate for each milligram of
mechlorethamine extravasated.
Inject subcutaneously into extravasation site using a 25
gauge or smaller needle (change needle with each injection).
Monitor extravasation site according to the institution's
QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT
ANSWERS GRADED A+
⫸ Due to Mrs. Turner's age and comorbidities, her oncologist performs
a comprehensive geriatric assessment. You know that this assessment
covers all but which of the following: Answer: A comprehensive
geriatric assessment (CGA) is a multidisciplinary evaluation to assess
life expectancy and risk of morbidity and mortality in the older patient.
This assessment tool would evaluate and include the following areas:
functional status, socioeconomic issues, psychosocial distress,
comorbidities, cognitive function, nutritional status, polypharmacy, and
a medication review (NCCN Older Adult Oncology Guidelines, version
1.2015).
⫸ The NCCN Older Adult Oncology Guidelines (version 1.2015)
provides information on what is included in a comprehensive geriatric
assessment. Currently, more than 60% of cancers in the United States
occur in people age ______and older and as the oncology world ages,
nearly half (46%) of cancer survivors are 70 years of age or older
Answer: 65
⫸ What is your best explanation for why Mrs. Turner was given a port
to receive her chemotherapy? Answer: Two of the agents (docetaxel and
carboplatin) that Mrs. Turner will receive are categorized as irritants.
Docetaxel can cause a significant reaction if it extravasates. It can lead
to edema, erythema, occasional pain and blister formation (ONS
Chemo/Bio guidelines, 2014). That is the most likely reason that Mrs.
Turner was given a port for her treatments. Some patients will receive
,their treatments through a peripheral IV without incident. Just because
they are intravenous agents does not mean that a port is required and
needing a port has nothing to do with her being older in age. Since none
of these agents are vesicants, they likely could have been given safely
via peripheral route but having a port placed is OK as well.
⫸ _____________can cause inflammation, pain, and burning but rarely
cause tissue necrosis comparable to a vesicant (unless a large amount or
a very high concentration of the irritant is extravasated). Answer:
Irrirtants
⫸ _____________can cause blistering and significant pain and tissue
damage and destruction, leading to tissue death. Answer: Vesicants
⫸ A further classification of an antineoplastic agent's potential to cause
damage is whether its mechanism of action includes DNA binding.
Answer: Non-DNA-binding solutions remain in the local area of the
extravasation, which improves the possibility of drug deactivation.
DNA-binding agents attach to DNA nucleic acids, causing the
antagonist to be ingested cellularly, leading to progressive tissue
destruction
⫸ DNA Binding Irritants Answer: Bendamustinea
Dactinomycin
Daunorubicin
Doxorubicin
, Epirubicin
Idarubicin
Mechlorethamine
Mitomycin
⫸ DNA Nonbinding vessicants Answer: Amsacrine
Paclitaxel
Vinblastine
Vincristine
Vindesine
Vinorelbine
⫸ Extravasciation Alkylating / Mechlorethamine tx Answer: Sodium
thiosulfate
Inject 2 ml of sodium thiosulfate for each milligram of
mechlorethamine extravasated.
Inject subcutaneously into extravasation site using a 25
gauge or smaller needle (change needle with each injection).
Monitor extravasation site according to the institution's
