MED-SURG: CARDIOVASCULAR EXAM NEWEST 2025/2026 ACTUAL EXAM
TEST BANK
MED-SURG: CARDIOVASCULAR EXAM NEWEST 2025/2026 ACTUAL
EXAM TEST BANK COMPLETE 200 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) WITH RATIONALES |ALREADY GRADED
A+||BRAND NEW!!
1. While auscultating the heart sounds of a client with mitral insufficiency, the
nurse hears an extra heart sound immediately after the S2. The nurse should
document this extra heart sound as a:
1. S1.
2. S3.
3. S4.
4. mitral murmur.
Answer: 2. S3.
Rationale: An S3, is heard following an S2. This indicates that the client is
experiencing heart failure and results from increased filling pressures. An S1 is a
normal heart sound made by the closing of the mitral and tricuspid valves. An S4
is heard before S1 and is caused by resistance to ventricular filling. A murmur of
mitral insufficiency occurs during systole and is heard when there's turbulent
blood flow across the valve.
2. A nurse administers heparin to a client with deep vein thrombophlebitis. Which
laboratory value should the nurse monitor to determine the effectiveness of
heparin?
1. PTT
2. HCT
3. CBC
4. PT
Answer: 1. PTT
Rationale: The therapeutic effectiveness of heparin is determined by monitoring
1|Page
, MED-SURG: CARDIOVASCULAR EXAM NEWEST 2025/2026 ACTUAL EXAM
TEST BANK
the patient's PTT, PT, HCT, and CBC don't monitor the therapeutic effectiveness
of heparin. Monitoring the PT determines warfarin's effectiveness.
3. A client has just returned from cardiac catheterization. Which nursing
intervention would be most appropriate?
1. Help the client ambulate to the bathroom.
2. Restrict fluids.
3. Monitor peripheral pulses.
4. Insert an indwelling urinary catheter.
Answer. 3. Monitor peripheral pulses.
Rationale: After cardiac catheterization, monitor peripheral pulses to assess
peripheral perfusion. Helping the client ambulate to the bathroom is incorrect
because the client should be on bed rest for 4 to 8 hours after the procedure to
reduce the risk of bleeding at the insertion site. Restricting fluids is incorrect
because the client should be encouraged to drink fluids after the procedure,
unless contraindicated. Adequate hydration reduces the risk of nephrotoxicity
that can occur with the use of contrast dye. Although urine output is monitored
following cardiac catheterization, the insertion of a urinary catherter isn't
necessary.
4. A client is in the first postoperative day after left femoropopliteal
revascularization. Which position would be most appropriate for this client?
1. On his left-sided
2. In high Fowler's position
3. On his right side
4. In a left lateral decubitus position
Answer: 3. On his right side
Rationale: Following revascularization, avoid positioning the client on the
surgical side. Because this client had left femoropoliteal revascularization, he
may be positioned on the right side. Placing the client on the left side is
incorrect because this would position the client on the operative side.
2|Page
, MED-SURG: CARDIOVASCULAR EXAM NEWEST 2025/2026 ACTUAL EXAM
TEST BANK
Positioning the client in high Fowler's position is incorrect because the client
should avoid flexion at the surgical site. Placing the client in a left lateral
decubitus position is incorrect because this would place the client on the
surgical side and cause flexion at the site.
5. A nurse is evaluating a client with left-sided heart failure. Which finding should
the nurse expect to assess?
1. Ascites
2. Dyspnea
3. Hepatomegaly
4. Jugular vein distention
Answer: 2. Dyspnea
Rationale: Dyspnea may occur in a client with left-sided heart failure. Ascites,
hepatomegaly, and jugular vein distention are assessment findings in right-sided
heart failure.
6. A client complains of crushing chest pain that radiates to his left arm. He should
be presented with the following treatment:
1. Aspirin, oxygen, nitroglycerin, and morphine
2. Aspirin, oxygen, nitroglycerin, and codeine
3. Oxygen, nitroglycerin, meperidine, and thrombolytics
4. Aspirin, oxygen, nitroprusside, and morphine
Answer: 1. Aspirin, oxygen, nitroglycerin, and morphine
7. Which lifestyle changes should a client diagnosed with coronary artery disease
consider?
1. Smoking cessation
2. Establishing a regular exercise routine
3. Weight reduction
4. All of the Above
Answer: 4. All of the Above
3|Page
, MED-SURG: CARDIOVASCULAR EXAM NEWEST 2025/2026 ACTUAL EXAM
TEST BANK
8. A client's cardiac monitor alarm sounds, indicating ventricular tachycardia. The
nurse should:
1. perform immediate defibrillation.
2. Assess the client.
3. Call the physician.
4. Administer a precordial thump.
Answer: 2. Assess the client.
9. A complication of peripheral vascular disease may be:
1. stasis ulcer.
2. Pressure ulcer.
3. Gastric ulcer.
4. Duodenal ulcer.
Answer: 1. stasis ulcer.
10. A key diagnostic test for heart failure is:
1. serum potassium.
2. B-type natriuretic peptide.
3. Troponin I
4. cardiac enzymes.
Answer: 2. B-type natriuretic peptide.
11. A client has developed acute pulmonary edema. Which test result should the
nurse expect?
1. Interstitial edema by chest X-ray
2. Metabolic alkalosis by ABG analysis
3. Bradycardia by ECG
4. Decreased PAWP by hemodynamic monitoring
Answer: 1. Interstitial edema by chest X-ray
Rationale: The chest X-ray of a client with acute pulmonary edema shows
4|Page
TEST BANK
MED-SURG: CARDIOVASCULAR EXAM NEWEST 2025/2026 ACTUAL
EXAM TEST BANK COMPLETE 200 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) WITH RATIONALES |ALREADY GRADED
A+||BRAND NEW!!
1. While auscultating the heart sounds of a client with mitral insufficiency, the
nurse hears an extra heart sound immediately after the S2. The nurse should
document this extra heart sound as a:
1. S1.
2. S3.
3. S4.
4. mitral murmur.
Answer: 2. S3.
Rationale: An S3, is heard following an S2. This indicates that the client is
experiencing heart failure and results from increased filling pressures. An S1 is a
normal heart sound made by the closing of the mitral and tricuspid valves. An S4
is heard before S1 and is caused by resistance to ventricular filling. A murmur of
mitral insufficiency occurs during systole and is heard when there's turbulent
blood flow across the valve.
2. A nurse administers heparin to a client with deep vein thrombophlebitis. Which
laboratory value should the nurse monitor to determine the effectiveness of
heparin?
1. PTT
2. HCT
3. CBC
4. PT
Answer: 1. PTT
Rationale: The therapeutic effectiveness of heparin is determined by monitoring
1|Page
, MED-SURG: CARDIOVASCULAR EXAM NEWEST 2025/2026 ACTUAL EXAM
TEST BANK
the patient's PTT, PT, HCT, and CBC don't monitor the therapeutic effectiveness
of heparin. Monitoring the PT determines warfarin's effectiveness.
3. A client has just returned from cardiac catheterization. Which nursing
intervention would be most appropriate?
1. Help the client ambulate to the bathroom.
2. Restrict fluids.
3. Monitor peripheral pulses.
4. Insert an indwelling urinary catheter.
Answer. 3. Monitor peripheral pulses.
Rationale: After cardiac catheterization, monitor peripheral pulses to assess
peripheral perfusion. Helping the client ambulate to the bathroom is incorrect
because the client should be on bed rest for 4 to 8 hours after the procedure to
reduce the risk of bleeding at the insertion site. Restricting fluids is incorrect
because the client should be encouraged to drink fluids after the procedure,
unless contraindicated. Adequate hydration reduces the risk of nephrotoxicity
that can occur with the use of contrast dye. Although urine output is monitored
following cardiac catheterization, the insertion of a urinary catherter isn't
necessary.
4. A client is in the first postoperative day after left femoropopliteal
revascularization. Which position would be most appropriate for this client?
1. On his left-sided
2. In high Fowler's position
3. On his right side
4. In a left lateral decubitus position
Answer: 3. On his right side
Rationale: Following revascularization, avoid positioning the client on the
surgical side. Because this client had left femoropoliteal revascularization, he
may be positioned on the right side. Placing the client on the left side is
incorrect because this would position the client on the operative side.
2|Page
, MED-SURG: CARDIOVASCULAR EXAM NEWEST 2025/2026 ACTUAL EXAM
TEST BANK
Positioning the client in high Fowler's position is incorrect because the client
should avoid flexion at the surgical site. Placing the client in a left lateral
decubitus position is incorrect because this would place the client on the
surgical side and cause flexion at the site.
5. A nurse is evaluating a client with left-sided heart failure. Which finding should
the nurse expect to assess?
1. Ascites
2. Dyspnea
3. Hepatomegaly
4. Jugular vein distention
Answer: 2. Dyspnea
Rationale: Dyspnea may occur in a client with left-sided heart failure. Ascites,
hepatomegaly, and jugular vein distention are assessment findings in right-sided
heart failure.
6. A client complains of crushing chest pain that radiates to his left arm. He should
be presented with the following treatment:
1. Aspirin, oxygen, nitroglycerin, and morphine
2. Aspirin, oxygen, nitroglycerin, and codeine
3. Oxygen, nitroglycerin, meperidine, and thrombolytics
4. Aspirin, oxygen, nitroprusside, and morphine
Answer: 1. Aspirin, oxygen, nitroglycerin, and morphine
7. Which lifestyle changes should a client diagnosed with coronary artery disease
consider?
1. Smoking cessation
2. Establishing a regular exercise routine
3. Weight reduction
4. All of the Above
Answer: 4. All of the Above
3|Page
, MED-SURG: CARDIOVASCULAR EXAM NEWEST 2025/2026 ACTUAL EXAM
TEST BANK
8. A client's cardiac monitor alarm sounds, indicating ventricular tachycardia. The
nurse should:
1. perform immediate defibrillation.
2. Assess the client.
3. Call the physician.
4. Administer a precordial thump.
Answer: 2. Assess the client.
9. A complication of peripheral vascular disease may be:
1. stasis ulcer.
2. Pressure ulcer.
3. Gastric ulcer.
4. Duodenal ulcer.
Answer: 1. stasis ulcer.
10. A key diagnostic test for heart failure is:
1. serum potassium.
2. B-type natriuretic peptide.
3. Troponin I
4. cardiac enzymes.
Answer: 2. B-type natriuretic peptide.
11. A client has developed acute pulmonary edema. Which test result should the
nurse expect?
1. Interstitial edema by chest X-ray
2. Metabolic alkalosis by ABG analysis
3. Bradycardia by ECG
4. Decreased PAWP by hemodynamic monitoring
Answer: 1. Interstitial edema by chest X-ray
Rationale: The chest X-ray of a client with acute pulmonary edema shows
4|Page
