NU 545 UNIT 7 EXAM NEWEST 2026 WITH COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+||BRAND NEW
VERSION!!
In somatic cell gene therapy, what type of vector is most commonly used to alter a specific set of an
individual's somatic cells?
a.
Virus
b.
Bacteria
c.
RNA polymerase
d.
Recombinant DNA - (answer)ANS: A
In somatic cell gene therapy, a vector is used to carry a normal copy of the mutated gene into the
individual's cells. These vectors are usually viruses, such as retroviruses, lentiviruses, or adenoviruses,
which have been genetically modified so that they contain the normal human gene and cannot make
copies of themselves (otherwise they could cause a viral infection). Bacteria, RNA polymerase, and
recombinant DNA are not used as vectors in somatic cell gene therapy.
In DNA replication, what does the enzyme DNA polymerase do?
a.
Travel along the single DNA strand, adding the correct nucleotide to the new strand
b.
Move along the double strand of DNA to unwind the nucleotides of the double helix
c.
Hold the double strand apart while the correct nucleotides are added to the strand
d.
Transport the double strand of DNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm for protein formation -
(answer)ANS: A
The DNA polymerase enzyme travels along the single DNA strand, adding the correct nucleotides to the
free end of the new strand (see Figure 4-3, B). The correct option is the only one that accurately
describes the process involved in DNA replication using DNA polymerase.
,NU 545 UNIT 7 EXAM NEWEST 2026 WITH COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+||BRAND NEW
VERSION!!
How is transcription best defined?
a.
DNA polymerase binds to the promoter site on ribonucleic acid (RNA).
b.
RNA directs the synthesis of polypeptides for protein synthesis.
c.
RNA is synthesized from a DNA template.
d.
A base pair substitution results in a mutation of the amino acid sequence. - (answer)ANS: C
Transcription is the process by which RNA is synthesized from a DNA template. The correct option is the
only one that accurately defines the term transcription.
What is the purpose of using a Giemsa staining technique on chromosomes?
a.
Permit the mitotic process to be followed and monitored for variations.
b.
Allow for the numbering of chromosomes and the identification of variations.
c.
Identify new somatic cells formed through mitosis and cytokinesis.
d.
Distinguish the sex chromosomes from the homologous chromosomes. - (answer)ANS: B
One of the most commonly used stains is Giemsa stain. By using banding techniques, chromosomes can
be unambiguously numbered, and individual variation in chromosome composition can be studied.
Missing or duplicated portions of chromosomes, which often result in serious diseases, also can be
readily identified. The correct option is the only one that accurately describes the purpose of the Giemsa
staining technique.
An amniocentesis indicates a neural tube defect when an increase in which protein is evident?
a.
,NU 545 UNIT 7 EXAM NEWEST 2026 WITH COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+||BRAND NEW
VERSION!!
Cytochrome P-450
b.
Alpha fetoprotein
c.
DNA polymerase
d.
Embryonic proteins - (answer)ANS: B
Other disorders can be detected with this procedure. These include most neural tube defects, which
cause an elevation of alpha fetoprotein in the amniotic fluid, and hundreds of diseases caused by
mutations of single genes. Cytochrome P-450 is useful in helping to formulate drug doses more
precisely. DNA polymerase travels along the single DNA strand, adding the correct nucleotides to the
free end of the new strand during DNA replication. Embryonic proteins are not involved in neural tube
defects.
Amniocentesis is recommended for pregnant with what history?
a.
Have a history of chronic illness
b.
Have a family history of genetic disorders
c.
Have experienced in vitro fertilization
d.
Had a late menarche - (answer)ANS: B
Amniocentesis is recommended only for pregnancies known to have an elevated risk for a genetic
disease or in women older than 30 to 35 years of age because of the slightly higher risk of fetal loss as
compared to the general population. Having a chronic illness, previous in vitro fertilization, or late
menarche are not reasons to have an amniocentesis.
What is the technique for prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal abnormalities at 10 to 12 weeks'
gestation?
, NU 545 UNIT 7 EXAM NEWEST 2026 WITH COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+||BRAND NEW
VERSION!!
a.
Gene mapping
b.
Linkage analysis
c.
Amniocentesis
d.
Chorionic villus sampling - (answer)ANS: D
Chorionic villus sampling consists of extracting a small amount of villous tissue directly from the chorion.
This procedure can be performed at 10 weeks' gestation and does not require in vitro culturing of cells;
sufficient numbers are directly available in the extracted tissue. Thus the procedure allows prenatal
diagnosis at approximately 3 months' gestation rather than at nearly 4 months' gestation which is
generally when amniocentesis is performed. Gene mapping and linkage analysis are not performed
exclusively on women who are 10 weeks' pregnant.
What is the term for an error in which homologous chromosomes fail to separate during meiosis or
mitosis?
a.
Aneuploidy
b.
Nondisjunction
c.
Polyploidy
d.
Translocation - (answer)ANS: B
Aneuploidy is usually the result of nondisjunction, an error in which homologous chromosomes or sister
chromatids fail to separate normally during meiosis or mitosis. Aneuploidy refers to cells that do not
contain a multiple of 23 chromosomes. Polyploidy is when a cell has more than the diploid number of
chromosomes, it is said to be a polyploid cell. Translocation refers the interchanging of genetic material
between nonhomologous chromosomes.
DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+||BRAND NEW
VERSION!!
In somatic cell gene therapy, what type of vector is most commonly used to alter a specific set of an
individual's somatic cells?
a.
Virus
b.
Bacteria
c.
RNA polymerase
d.
Recombinant DNA - (answer)ANS: A
In somatic cell gene therapy, a vector is used to carry a normal copy of the mutated gene into the
individual's cells. These vectors are usually viruses, such as retroviruses, lentiviruses, or adenoviruses,
which have been genetically modified so that they contain the normal human gene and cannot make
copies of themselves (otherwise they could cause a viral infection). Bacteria, RNA polymerase, and
recombinant DNA are not used as vectors in somatic cell gene therapy.
In DNA replication, what does the enzyme DNA polymerase do?
a.
Travel along the single DNA strand, adding the correct nucleotide to the new strand
b.
Move along the double strand of DNA to unwind the nucleotides of the double helix
c.
Hold the double strand apart while the correct nucleotides are added to the strand
d.
Transport the double strand of DNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm for protein formation -
(answer)ANS: A
The DNA polymerase enzyme travels along the single DNA strand, adding the correct nucleotides to the
free end of the new strand (see Figure 4-3, B). The correct option is the only one that accurately
describes the process involved in DNA replication using DNA polymerase.
,NU 545 UNIT 7 EXAM NEWEST 2026 WITH COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+||BRAND NEW
VERSION!!
How is transcription best defined?
a.
DNA polymerase binds to the promoter site on ribonucleic acid (RNA).
b.
RNA directs the synthesis of polypeptides for protein synthesis.
c.
RNA is synthesized from a DNA template.
d.
A base pair substitution results in a mutation of the amino acid sequence. - (answer)ANS: C
Transcription is the process by which RNA is synthesized from a DNA template. The correct option is the
only one that accurately defines the term transcription.
What is the purpose of using a Giemsa staining technique on chromosomes?
a.
Permit the mitotic process to be followed and monitored for variations.
b.
Allow for the numbering of chromosomes and the identification of variations.
c.
Identify new somatic cells formed through mitosis and cytokinesis.
d.
Distinguish the sex chromosomes from the homologous chromosomes. - (answer)ANS: B
One of the most commonly used stains is Giemsa stain. By using banding techniques, chromosomes can
be unambiguously numbered, and individual variation in chromosome composition can be studied.
Missing or duplicated portions of chromosomes, which often result in serious diseases, also can be
readily identified. The correct option is the only one that accurately describes the purpose of the Giemsa
staining technique.
An amniocentesis indicates a neural tube defect when an increase in which protein is evident?
a.
,NU 545 UNIT 7 EXAM NEWEST 2026 WITH COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+||BRAND NEW
VERSION!!
Cytochrome P-450
b.
Alpha fetoprotein
c.
DNA polymerase
d.
Embryonic proteins - (answer)ANS: B
Other disorders can be detected with this procedure. These include most neural tube defects, which
cause an elevation of alpha fetoprotein in the amniotic fluid, and hundreds of diseases caused by
mutations of single genes. Cytochrome P-450 is useful in helping to formulate drug doses more
precisely. DNA polymerase travels along the single DNA strand, adding the correct nucleotides to the
free end of the new strand during DNA replication. Embryonic proteins are not involved in neural tube
defects.
Amniocentesis is recommended for pregnant with what history?
a.
Have a history of chronic illness
b.
Have a family history of genetic disorders
c.
Have experienced in vitro fertilization
d.
Had a late menarche - (answer)ANS: B
Amniocentesis is recommended only for pregnancies known to have an elevated risk for a genetic
disease or in women older than 30 to 35 years of age because of the slightly higher risk of fetal loss as
compared to the general population. Having a chronic illness, previous in vitro fertilization, or late
menarche are not reasons to have an amniocentesis.
What is the technique for prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal abnormalities at 10 to 12 weeks'
gestation?
, NU 545 UNIT 7 EXAM NEWEST 2026 WITH COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+||BRAND NEW
VERSION!!
a.
Gene mapping
b.
Linkage analysis
c.
Amniocentesis
d.
Chorionic villus sampling - (answer)ANS: D
Chorionic villus sampling consists of extracting a small amount of villous tissue directly from the chorion.
This procedure can be performed at 10 weeks' gestation and does not require in vitro culturing of cells;
sufficient numbers are directly available in the extracted tissue. Thus the procedure allows prenatal
diagnosis at approximately 3 months' gestation rather than at nearly 4 months' gestation which is
generally when amniocentesis is performed. Gene mapping and linkage analysis are not performed
exclusively on women who are 10 weeks' pregnant.
What is the term for an error in which homologous chromosomes fail to separate during meiosis or
mitosis?
a.
Aneuploidy
b.
Nondisjunction
c.
Polyploidy
d.
Translocation - (answer)ANS: B
Aneuploidy is usually the result of nondisjunction, an error in which homologous chromosomes or sister
chromatids fail to separate normally during meiosis or mitosis. Aneuploidy refers to cells that do not
contain a multiple of 23 chromosomes. Polyploidy is when a cell has more than the diploid number of
chromosomes, it is said to be a polyploid cell. Translocation refers the interchanging of genetic material
between nonhomologous chromosomes.
