Cancer & Oncology Nursing NCLEX Practice
Questions With Correct Answers
A |32-year-old |woman |meets |with |the |nurse |on |her |first |official |visit |since |undergoing |a |left |
mastectomy. |When |asked |how |she |is |doing, |the |woman |states |her |appetite |is |still |not |good, |
she |is |not |getting |much |sleep |because |she |doesn't |go |to |bed |until |her |husband |is |asleep, |and |
she |is |really |anxious |to |get |back |to |work. |Which |of |the |following |nursing |interventions |should |
the |nurse |explore |to |support |the |client's |current |needs?
a) |Ask |open-ended |questions |about |sexuality |issues |related |to |her |mastectomy
b) |Suggest |that |the |client |learn |relaxation |techniques |to |help |with |her |insomnia
c) |Call |the |physician |to |discuss |allowing |the |client |to |return |to |work |earlier
d) |Perform |a |nutritional |assessment |to |assess |for |anorexia
a) |Ask |open-ended |questions |about |sexuality |issues |related |to |her |mastectomy
- |Correct |Answer: |A. |Ask |open-ended |questions |about |sexuality |issues |related |to |her |
mastectomy
Option |A: |The |content |of |the |client's |comments |suggests |that |she |is |avoiding |intimacy |with |
her |husband |by |waiting |until |he |is |asleep |before |going |to |bed. |Addressing |sexuality |issues |is |
appropriate |for |a |client |who |has |undergone |a |mastectomy.
Option |B: |Suggesting |that |she |learn |relaxation |techniques |to |help |her |with |her |insomnia |is |
appropriate; |however, |the |nurse |must |first |address |the |psychosocial |and |sexual |issues |that |are
|contributing |to |her |sleeping |difficulties.
Option |C: |Rushing |her |return |to |work |may |debilitate |her |and |add |to |her |exhaustion.
Option |D: |A |nutritional |assessment |may |be |useful, |but |there |is |no |indication |that |she |has |
anorexia.
One |of |the |most |serious |blood |coagulation |complications |for |individuals |with |cancer |and |for |
those |undergoing |cancer |treatments |is |disseminated |intravascular |coagulation |(DIC). |The |most
|common |cause |of |this |bleeding |disorder |is:
a) |Brain |metastasis
,b) |Sepsis
c) |Intravenous |heparin |therapy
d) |underlying |liver |disease
b) |Sepsis
- |Correct |Answer: |B. |Sepsis
Option |B: |Bacterial |endotoxins |released |from |gram-negative |bacteria |activate |the |Hageman |
factor |or |coagulation |factor |XII. |This |factor |inhibits |coagulation |via |the |intrinsic |pathway |of |
homeostasis, |as |well |as |stimulating |fibrinolysis.
Option |D: |Liver |disease |can |cause |multiple |bleeding |abnormalities |resulting |in |chronic, |
subclinical |DIC; |however, |sepsis |is |the |most |common |cause.
A |pneumonectomy |is |a |surgical |procedure |sometimes |indicated |for |the |treatment |of |non-
small-cell |lung |cancer. |A |pneumonectomy |involves |removal |of:
a) |One |lobe |of |a |lung
b) |An |entire |lung |field
c) |One |or |more |segments |of |a |lung |lobe
d) |A |small, |wedge-shaped |lung |surface
b) |An |entire |lung |field
- |Correct |Answer: |B. |An |entire |lung |field
Option |B: |A |pneumonectomy |is |the |removal |of |an |entire |lung |field |indicated |for |the |treatment
|of |non-small |cell |lung |cancer |that |has |not |spread |outside |of |the |lung |tissue. |It |is |performed |
on |patients |who |will |have |adequate |lung |function |in |the |unaffected |lung.
Option |D: |A |wedge |resection |refers |to |the |removal |of |a |wedge-shaped |section |of |lung |tissue. |
It |may |be |used |to |remove |a |tumor |and |a |small |amount |of |normal |tissue |around |it/
Option |A: |A |lobectomy |is |the |removal |of |one |lobe.
Option |C: |Removal |of |one |or |more |segments |of |a |lung |lobe |is |called |a |partial |lobectomy.
,A |36-year-old |man |with |lymphoma |presents |with |signs |of |impending |septic |shock |9 |days |after |
chemotherapy. |The |nurse |would |expect |which |of |the |following |to |be |present?
a) |low-grade |fever, |chills, |tachycardia
b) |Elevated |temperature, |oliguria, |hypotension
c) |Flushing, |decreased |oxygen |saturation, |mild |hypotension
d) |High-grade |fever, |normal |blood |pressure, |increased |respirations
a) |low-grade |fever, |chills, |tachycardia
- |Correct |Answer: |A. |Low-grade |fever, |chills, |tachycardia
Option |A: |Nine |days |after |chemotherapy, |one |would |expect |the |client |to |be |
immunocompromised. |The |clinical |signs |of |shock |reflect |changes |in |cardiac |function, |vascular |
resistance, |cellular |metabolism, |and |capillary |permeability. |Low-grade |fever, |tachycardia, |and |
flushing |may |be |early |signs |of |shock.
Option |B: |Oliguria |and |hypotension |are |late |signs |of |shock. |Urine |output |can |be |initially |
normal |or |increased.
Options |C |and |D: |The |client |with |impending |signs |of |septic |shock |may |not |have |decreased |
oxygen |saturation |levels |and |normal |blood |pressure.
Which |of |the |following |represents |the |most |appropriate |nursing |intervention |for |a |client |with |
pruritus |caused |by |cancer |or |the |treatments?
a) |Silk |sheets
b) |Steroids
c) |Medicated |cool |baths
, d) |Administration |of |antihistamines
c) |Medicated |cool |baths
- |Correct |Answer: |C. |Medicated |cool |baths
Option |C: |Nursing |interventions |to |decrease |the |discomfort |of |pruritus |include |those |that |
prevent |vasodilation, |decrease |anxiety, |and |maintain |skin |integrity |and |hydration. |Medicated |
baths |with |salicylic |acid |or |colloidal |oatmeal |can |be |soothing |as |a |temporary |relief.
Option |A: |Using |silk |sheets |is |not |a |practical |intervention |for |the |hospitalized |client |with |
pruritus.
Options |B |and |D: |The |use |of |antihistamines |or |topical |steroids |depends |on |the |cause |of |
pruritus, |and |these |agents |should |be |used |with |caution.
A |56-year-old |woman |is |currently |receiving |radiation |therapy |to |the |chest |wall |for |recurrent |
breast |cancer. |She |calls |her |health |care |provider |to |report |that |she |has |pain |while |swallowing |
and |burning |and |tightness |in |her |chest. |Which |of |the |following |complications |of |radiation |
therapy |is |A. |Radiation |enteritis |likely |responsible |for |her |symptoms?
a) |Radiation |enteritis
b) |Stomatitis
c) |Esophagitis
d) |Hiatal |hernia
c) |Esophagitis
- |Correct |Answer: |C. |Esophagitis
Option |C: |Difficulty |in |swallowing, |pain, |and |tightness |in |the |chest |are |signs |of |esophagitis, |
which |is |a |common |complication |of |radiation |therapy |of |the |chest |wall.
Option |A: |Radiation |enteritis |is |a |damage |to |the |intestinal |lining |caused |by |radiation |therapy. |
Symptoms |include |diarrhea, |rectal |pain, |and |bleeding |or |mucus |from |the |rectum.
Option |B: |Stomatitis |results |from |the |local |effects |of |radiation |to |the |oral |mucosa. |Symptoms |
include |mouth |ulcers, |red |patches, |swelling, |and |oral |dysaesthesia.
Questions With Correct Answers
A |32-year-old |woman |meets |with |the |nurse |on |her |first |official |visit |since |undergoing |a |left |
mastectomy. |When |asked |how |she |is |doing, |the |woman |states |her |appetite |is |still |not |good, |
she |is |not |getting |much |sleep |because |she |doesn't |go |to |bed |until |her |husband |is |asleep, |and |
she |is |really |anxious |to |get |back |to |work. |Which |of |the |following |nursing |interventions |should |
the |nurse |explore |to |support |the |client's |current |needs?
a) |Ask |open-ended |questions |about |sexuality |issues |related |to |her |mastectomy
b) |Suggest |that |the |client |learn |relaxation |techniques |to |help |with |her |insomnia
c) |Call |the |physician |to |discuss |allowing |the |client |to |return |to |work |earlier
d) |Perform |a |nutritional |assessment |to |assess |for |anorexia
a) |Ask |open-ended |questions |about |sexuality |issues |related |to |her |mastectomy
- |Correct |Answer: |A. |Ask |open-ended |questions |about |sexuality |issues |related |to |her |
mastectomy
Option |A: |The |content |of |the |client's |comments |suggests |that |she |is |avoiding |intimacy |with |
her |husband |by |waiting |until |he |is |asleep |before |going |to |bed. |Addressing |sexuality |issues |is |
appropriate |for |a |client |who |has |undergone |a |mastectomy.
Option |B: |Suggesting |that |she |learn |relaxation |techniques |to |help |her |with |her |insomnia |is |
appropriate; |however, |the |nurse |must |first |address |the |psychosocial |and |sexual |issues |that |are
|contributing |to |her |sleeping |difficulties.
Option |C: |Rushing |her |return |to |work |may |debilitate |her |and |add |to |her |exhaustion.
Option |D: |A |nutritional |assessment |may |be |useful, |but |there |is |no |indication |that |she |has |
anorexia.
One |of |the |most |serious |blood |coagulation |complications |for |individuals |with |cancer |and |for |
those |undergoing |cancer |treatments |is |disseminated |intravascular |coagulation |(DIC). |The |most
|common |cause |of |this |bleeding |disorder |is:
a) |Brain |metastasis
,b) |Sepsis
c) |Intravenous |heparin |therapy
d) |underlying |liver |disease
b) |Sepsis
- |Correct |Answer: |B. |Sepsis
Option |B: |Bacterial |endotoxins |released |from |gram-negative |bacteria |activate |the |Hageman |
factor |or |coagulation |factor |XII. |This |factor |inhibits |coagulation |via |the |intrinsic |pathway |of |
homeostasis, |as |well |as |stimulating |fibrinolysis.
Option |D: |Liver |disease |can |cause |multiple |bleeding |abnormalities |resulting |in |chronic, |
subclinical |DIC; |however, |sepsis |is |the |most |common |cause.
A |pneumonectomy |is |a |surgical |procedure |sometimes |indicated |for |the |treatment |of |non-
small-cell |lung |cancer. |A |pneumonectomy |involves |removal |of:
a) |One |lobe |of |a |lung
b) |An |entire |lung |field
c) |One |or |more |segments |of |a |lung |lobe
d) |A |small, |wedge-shaped |lung |surface
b) |An |entire |lung |field
- |Correct |Answer: |B. |An |entire |lung |field
Option |B: |A |pneumonectomy |is |the |removal |of |an |entire |lung |field |indicated |for |the |treatment
|of |non-small |cell |lung |cancer |that |has |not |spread |outside |of |the |lung |tissue. |It |is |performed |
on |patients |who |will |have |adequate |lung |function |in |the |unaffected |lung.
Option |D: |A |wedge |resection |refers |to |the |removal |of |a |wedge-shaped |section |of |lung |tissue. |
It |may |be |used |to |remove |a |tumor |and |a |small |amount |of |normal |tissue |around |it/
Option |A: |A |lobectomy |is |the |removal |of |one |lobe.
Option |C: |Removal |of |one |or |more |segments |of |a |lung |lobe |is |called |a |partial |lobectomy.
,A |36-year-old |man |with |lymphoma |presents |with |signs |of |impending |septic |shock |9 |days |after |
chemotherapy. |The |nurse |would |expect |which |of |the |following |to |be |present?
a) |low-grade |fever, |chills, |tachycardia
b) |Elevated |temperature, |oliguria, |hypotension
c) |Flushing, |decreased |oxygen |saturation, |mild |hypotension
d) |High-grade |fever, |normal |blood |pressure, |increased |respirations
a) |low-grade |fever, |chills, |tachycardia
- |Correct |Answer: |A. |Low-grade |fever, |chills, |tachycardia
Option |A: |Nine |days |after |chemotherapy, |one |would |expect |the |client |to |be |
immunocompromised. |The |clinical |signs |of |shock |reflect |changes |in |cardiac |function, |vascular |
resistance, |cellular |metabolism, |and |capillary |permeability. |Low-grade |fever, |tachycardia, |and |
flushing |may |be |early |signs |of |shock.
Option |B: |Oliguria |and |hypotension |are |late |signs |of |shock. |Urine |output |can |be |initially |
normal |or |increased.
Options |C |and |D: |The |client |with |impending |signs |of |septic |shock |may |not |have |decreased |
oxygen |saturation |levels |and |normal |blood |pressure.
Which |of |the |following |represents |the |most |appropriate |nursing |intervention |for |a |client |with |
pruritus |caused |by |cancer |or |the |treatments?
a) |Silk |sheets
b) |Steroids
c) |Medicated |cool |baths
, d) |Administration |of |antihistamines
c) |Medicated |cool |baths
- |Correct |Answer: |C. |Medicated |cool |baths
Option |C: |Nursing |interventions |to |decrease |the |discomfort |of |pruritus |include |those |that |
prevent |vasodilation, |decrease |anxiety, |and |maintain |skin |integrity |and |hydration. |Medicated |
baths |with |salicylic |acid |or |colloidal |oatmeal |can |be |soothing |as |a |temporary |relief.
Option |A: |Using |silk |sheets |is |not |a |practical |intervention |for |the |hospitalized |client |with |
pruritus.
Options |B |and |D: |The |use |of |antihistamines |or |topical |steroids |depends |on |the |cause |of |
pruritus, |and |these |agents |should |be |used |with |caution.
A |56-year-old |woman |is |currently |receiving |radiation |therapy |to |the |chest |wall |for |recurrent |
breast |cancer. |She |calls |her |health |care |provider |to |report |that |she |has |pain |while |swallowing |
and |burning |and |tightness |in |her |chest. |Which |of |the |following |complications |of |radiation |
therapy |is |A. |Radiation |enteritis |likely |responsible |for |her |symptoms?
a) |Radiation |enteritis
b) |Stomatitis
c) |Esophagitis
d) |Hiatal |hernia
c) |Esophagitis
- |Correct |Answer: |C. |Esophagitis
Option |C: |Difficulty |in |swallowing, |pain, |and |tightness |in |the |chest |are |signs |of |esophagitis, |
which |is |a |common |complication |of |radiation |therapy |of |the |chest |wall.
Option |A: |Radiation |enteritis |is |a |damage |to |the |intestinal |lining |caused |by |radiation |therapy. |
Symptoms |include |diarrhea, |rectal |pain, |and |bleeding |or |mucus |from |the |rectum.
Option |B: |Stomatitis |results |from |the |local |effects |of |radiation |to |the |oral |mucosa. |Symptoms |
include |mouth |ulcers, |red |patches, |swelling, |and |oral |dysaesthesia.
