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AP CSP (CS101) | 2026 Exam Prep | 200+ Questions on Algorithms, Cybersecurity, Networks, and Data

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This expertly verified study guide is designed to help students excel in the AP Computer Science Principles (AP CSP) exam for 2026. It contains over 200 well-structured Q&A-style flashcards, covering a comprehensive range of foundational computer science topics. Included are clear definitions and explanations of key concepts such as the binary and decimal number systems, data representation, sampling, abstraction, and both lossless and lossy compression techniques. Extensive coverage is provided for cybersecurity topics, including phishing, malware, encryption methods (symmetric and asymmetric), keylogging, and multi-factor authentication. The document also explores fundamental programming concepts such as functions, parameters, loops, conditionals, and modularity, along with algorithmic techniques like linear search, binary search, and iteration. Additional sections cover networks and protocols (TCP, UDP, HTTP, DNS), the structure of the internet, data analysis, simulations, machine learning, and computing systems. Presented in a concise flashcard format, this resource is ideal for exam preparation, concept review, and active recall learning. Best suited for: High school students preparing for the AP CSP exam Introductory computer science (CS101) students Learners pursuing STEM, software engineering, IT, or data science pathways Tutors and educators needing structured content for teaching or revision support Whether studying independently or as part of a course, this document offers complete coverage aligned with the College Board AP CSP curriculum. Keywords: AP CSP, CS101, 2026 exam, algorithms, data structures, binary system, cybersecurity, encryption, malware, phishing, compression, lossless, lossy, programming, functions, loops, conditionals, protocols, TCP, UDP, HTTP, DNS, IP address, networks, data abstraction, simulation, debug, internet, computer science, computing systems

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AP CSP Exam 2026 Expert
Verified | Ace the Test



Bit - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔a contraction of "Binary Digit"; the single unit of

information in a computer, typically represented as a 0 or 1


Byte - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔8 bits


Binary - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔a way of representing information using only two

options


Binary Number System - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔a system for representing numbers

using combinations of the digits 0 and 1


Decimal Number System - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔a system for representing

numbers using combinations of the digits 0 - 9

,Overflow Error - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔an incorrect value from attempting to

represent a number that is too large


Round-off Error - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔an incorrect value from attempting to

represent a number that is too precise


Digital Data - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔data that changes discreetly through a finite

set of possible values


Analog Data - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔data with values that change continuously, or

smoothly, over time, for example, music and colors of a painting


Sampling - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔a process for creating a digital representation of

analog data by measuring the analog data at regular intervals


Pixel - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔the fundamental unit of a digital image, typically a

tiny square or dot which contains a single point of color of a larger image


Resolution - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔the dimensions by which you can measure how

many pixels are on a screen


RGB - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔the RGB color model that uses varying intensities of

(R)ed, (G)reen, and (B)lue light added together to reproduce a broad array

of colors

, Data Compression - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔a process for reducing the number of

bits needed to represent a piece of information


Lossless Compression - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔a process for reducing the number

of bits needed to represent something without losing any information; this

process is reversible


Lossy Compression - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔a process for reducing the number of

bits needed to represent something in which some information is lost


Intellectual Property - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔a work or invention that is the result of

creativity, such as a piece of writing or a design, to which one has rights


Creative Commons - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔A collection of public copyright

licenses that enable the free distribution of an otherwise copyrighted work.

It allows artists to declare how they want their creations to be shared and

used


Open Access - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔content free of any and all restrictions on

access and free of many restrictions on use


Open Source - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔programs that are made freely available and

may be redistributed and modified



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