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polymerase chain reaction (PCR) - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔process to copy DNA
What is needed to complete PCR - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Template DNA,
Nucleotides (dNTPS), DNA Polymerase, and DNA
Steps of PCR - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔denaturation, annealing, elongation
denaturation - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔loss of normal shape of a protein due to heat
or other factor
Annealing - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔cooled to 50c primers stick and want to copy
and add DNA polymerase
,Elongation - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔reaction heated to 70C and DNA polymerase
add nucleotides building a new DNA strand.
base excision repair - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔a modified base is first excised and
then the entire nucleotide is replaced
DNA glycosylase - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔removes damaged DNA
DNA polymerase - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔replaces to damaged DNA ligase seals it
base excision repair - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔removes one single nucleotide
MIsmatch repair - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔The cellular process that uses special
enzymes to fix incorrectly paired nucleotides.
What DNA damage is corrected by mismatch repair - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔errors
in replication fixed
What occurs when DNA polymerase binds to DNA to make RNA -
🧠ANSWER ✔✔transcription ! DNA polymerase takes the individual
nucleotides and matches the them to the parental sequences to ensure a
correct pair. It must bind with RNA primer to work.
nonsense - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔change in 1 nucleotide produces a STOP codon
, silent mutation - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔A mutation that changes a single
nucleotide, but does not change the amino acid created.
Missense - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔a mutation that changes one amino acid
What happens during RNA splicing - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔after transcription, the
introns are removed and the exons are hooks back together
DNA transcription - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔the proccess of copying a section of dna
in order to make proteins
DNA translation - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Process by which mRNA is converted into
a protein
non-template/coding strand - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔its sequence matches the
sequence of the RNA that is transcribed from the template strand and
codes for a polypeptide
complementary strand - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔A strand of DNA or RNA that has
complementary bases to another strand of DNA or RNA. For instance,
during DNA replication, the new strand that is formed is a complementary
strand. (Complementary bases: A-T, C-G)
DNA template to mRNA is? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔transcription
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
3
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Ace the Test
polymerase chain reaction (PCR) - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔process to copy DNA
What is needed to complete PCR - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Template DNA,
Nucleotides (dNTPS), DNA Polymerase, and DNA
Steps of PCR - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔denaturation, annealing, elongation
denaturation - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔loss of normal shape of a protein due to heat
or other factor
Annealing - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔cooled to 50c primers stick and want to copy
and add DNA polymerase
,Elongation - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔reaction heated to 70C and DNA polymerase
add nucleotides building a new DNA strand.
base excision repair - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔a modified base is first excised and
then the entire nucleotide is replaced
DNA glycosylase - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔removes damaged DNA
DNA polymerase - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔replaces to damaged DNA ligase seals it
base excision repair - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔removes one single nucleotide
MIsmatch repair - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔The cellular process that uses special
enzymes to fix incorrectly paired nucleotides.
What DNA damage is corrected by mismatch repair - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔errors
in replication fixed
What occurs when DNA polymerase binds to DNA to make RNA -
🧠ANSWER ✔✔transcription ! DNA polymerase takes the individual
nucleotides and matches the them to the parental sequences to ensure a
correct pair. It must bind with RNA primer to work.
nonsense - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔change in 1 nucleotide produces a STOP codon
, silent mutation - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔A mutation that changes a single
nucleotide, but does not change the amino acid created.
Missense - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔a mutation that changes one amino acid
What happens during RNA splicing - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔after transcription, the
introns are removed and the exons are hooks back together
DNA transcription - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔the proccess of copying a section of dna
in order to make proteins
DNA translation - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Process by which mRNA is converted into
a protein
non-template/coding strand - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔its sequence matches the
sequence of the RNA that is transcribed from the template strand and
codes for a polypeptide
complementary strand - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔A strand of DNA or RNA that has
complementary bases to another strand of DNA or RNA. For instance,
during DNA replication, the new strand that is formed is a complementary
strand. (Complementary bases: A-T, C-G)
DNA template to mRNA is? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔transcription
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
3
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
