, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology 15th Edition Test Bank by Joh
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
n E. Hall, Michael E. Hall
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Table of Contents [+ [+
Unit I. Introduction to Physiology: The Cell and General Physiology
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 1. Functional Organization of the Human Body and Control of the “Internal Environment”
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 2. The Cell and Its Functions
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 3. Genetic Control of Protein Synthesis, Cell Function, and Cell Reproduction
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Unit II. Membrane Physiology, Nerve, and Muscle
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 4. Transport of Substances Through Cell Membranes
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 5. Membrane Potentials and Action Potentials
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 6. Contraction of Skeletal Muscle
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 7. Excitation of Skeletal Muscle: Neuromuscular Transmission and Excitation-Contraction
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Coupling
Chapter 8. Excitation and Contraction of Smooth Muscle
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Unit III. The Heart
[+ [+ [+
Chapter 9. Cardiac Muscle; The Heart as a Pump and Function of the Heart Valves
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 10. Rhythmical Excitation of the Heart
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 11. Fundamentals of Electrocardiography
[+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 12. Electrocardiographic Interpretation of Cardiac Muscle and Coronary Blood Flow
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Abnormalities: Vectorial Analysis [+ [+
Chapter 13. Cardiac Arrhythmias and Their Electrocardiographic Interpretation
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Unit IV. The Circulation
[+ [+ [+
Chapter 14. Overview of the Circulation: Pressure, Flow, and Resistance
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 15. Vascular Distensibility and Functions of the Arterial and Venous Systems
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 16. The Microcirculation and Lymphatic System: Capillary Fluid Exchange, Interstitial Fluid,
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
and Lymph Flow
[+ [+
Chapter 17. Local and Humoral Control of Tissue Blood Flow
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 18. Nervous Regulation of the Circulation and Rapid Control of Arterial Pressure
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
,Chapter 19. Role of the Kidneys in Long-Term Control of Arterial Pressure and in Hypertension: The
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Integrated System for Arterial Pressure Regulation
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 20. Cardiac Output, Venous Return, and Their Regulation
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 21. Muscle Blood Flow and Cardiac Output During Exercise; the Coronary Circulation and
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Ischemic Heart Disease
[+ [+
Chapter 22. Cardiac Failure
[+ [+ [+
Chapter 23. Heart Valves and Heart Sounds; Valvular and Congenital Heart Defects
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 24. Circulatory Shock and Its Treatment
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Unit V. The Body Fluids and Kidneys
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 25. Regulation of Body Fluid Compartments: Extracellular and Intracellular Fluids; Edema
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 26. The Urinary System: Functional Anatomy and Urine Formation by the Kidneys
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 27. Glomerular Filtration, Renal Blood Flow, and Their Control
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 28. Renal Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 29. Urine Concentration and Dilution; Regulation of Extracellular Fluid Osmolarity and
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Sodium Concentration
[+
Chapter 30. Renal Regulation of Potassium, Calcium, Phosphate, and Magnesium; Integration of Renal
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Mechanisms for Control of Blood Volume and Extracellular Fluid Volume
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 31. Acid–Base Regulation
[+ [+ [+
Chapter 32. Diuretics and Kidney Diseases
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Unit VI. Blood Cells, Immunity, and Blood Coagulation
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 33. Red Blood Cells, Anemia, and Polycythemia
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 34. Resistance of the Body to Infection: I. Leukocytes, Granulocytes, the Monocyte-
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Macrophage System, and Inflammation
[+ [+ [+
Chapter 35. Resistance of the Body to Infection: II. Immunity and Allergy
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 36. Blood Types; Transfusion; and Tissue and Organ Transplantation
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 37. Hemostasis and Blood Coagulation
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Unit VII. Respiration
[+ [+
Chapter 38. Pulmonary Ventilation
[+ [+ [+
Chapter 39. Pulmonary Circulation, Pulmonary Edema, and Pleural Fluid
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 40. Principles of Gas Exchange; Diffusion of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Through the
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
, Respiratory Membrane [+
Chapter 41. Transport of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide in Blood and Tissue Fluids
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 42. Regulation of Respiration
[+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 43. Respiratory Insufficiency—Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, Oxygen Therapy
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Unit VIII. Aviation, Space, and Deep-Sea Diving Physiology
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 44. Aviation, High Altitude, and Space Physiology
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 45. Physiology of Deep-Sea Diving and Other Hyperbaric Conditions
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Unit IX. The Nervous System: A. General Principles and Sensory Physiology
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 46. Organization of the Nervous System, Basic Functions of Synapses, and Neurotransmitters
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 47. Sensory Receptors, Neuronal Circuits for Processing Information
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 48. Somatic Sensations: I. General Organization, Tactile and Position Senses
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 49. Somatic Sensations: II. Pain, Headache, and Thermal Sensations
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Unit X. The Nervous System: B. The Special Senses
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 50. The Eye: I. Optics of Vision
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 51. The Eye: II. Receptor and Neural Function of the Retina
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 52. The Eye: III. Central Neurophysiology of Vision
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 53. The Sense of Hearing
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 54. The Chemical Senses—Taste and Smell
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Unit XI. The Nervous System: C. Motor and Integrative Neurophysiology
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 55. Spinal Cord Motor Functions; the Cord Reflexes
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 56. Cortical and Brain Stem Control of Motor Function
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 57. Cerebellum and Basal Ganglia Contributions to Overall Motor Control
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 58. Cerebral Cortex, Intellectual Functions of the Brain, Learning, and Memory
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 59. The Limbic System and the Hypothalamus—Behavioral and Motivational Mechanisms of
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
the Brain [+
Chapter 60. States of Brain Activity—Sleep, Brain Waves, Epilepsy, Psychoses, and Dementia
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 61. The Autonomic Nervous System and the Adrenal Medulla
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 62. Cerebral Blood Flow, Cerebrospinal Fluid, and Brain Metabolism
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
n E. Hall, Michael E. Hall
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Table of Contents [+ [+
Unit I. Introduction to Physiology: The Cell and General Physiology
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 1. Functional Organization of the Human Body and Control of the “Internal Environment”
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 2. The Cell and Its Functions
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 3. Genetic Control of Protein Synthesis, Cell Function, and Cell Reproduction
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Unit II. Membrane Physiology, Nerve, and Muscle
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 4. Transport of Substances Through Cell Membranes
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 5. Membrane Potentials and Action Potentials
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 6. Contraction of Skeletal Muscle
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 7. Excitation of Skeletal Muscle: Neuromuscular Transmission and Excitation-Contraction
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Coupling
Chapter 8. Excitation and Contraction of Smooth Muscle
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Unit III. The Heart
[+ [+ [+
Chapter 9. Cardiac Muscle; The Heart as a Pump and Function of the Heart Valves
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 10. Rhythmical Excitation of the Heart
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 11. Fundamentals of Electrocardiography
[+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 12. Electrocardiographic Interpretation of Cardiac Muscle and Coronary Blood Flow
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Abnormalities: Vectorial Analysis [+ [+
Chapter 13. Cardiac Arrhythmias and Their Electrocardiographic Interpretation
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Unit IV. The Circulation
[+ [+ [+
Chapter 14. Overview of the Circulation: Pressure, Flow, and Resistance
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 15. Vascular Distensibility and Functions of the Arterial and Venous Systems
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 16. The Microcirculation and Lymphatic System: Capillary Fluid Exchange, Interstitial Fluid,
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
and Lymph Flow
[+ [+
Chapter 17. Local and Humoral Control of Tissue Blood Flow
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 18. Nervous Regulation of the Circulation and Rapid Control of Arterial Pressure
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
,Chapter 19. Role of the Kidneys in Long-Term Control of Arterial Pressure and in Hypertension: The
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Integrated System for Arterial Pressure Regulation
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 20. Cardiac Output, Venous Return, and Their Regulation
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 21. Muscle Blood Flow and Cardiac Output During Exercise; the Coronary Circulation and
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Ischemic Heart Disease
[+ [+
Chapter 22. Cardiac Failure
[+ [+ [+
Chapter 23. Heart Valves and Heart Sounds; Valvular and Congenital Heart Defects
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 24. Circulatory Shock and Its Treatment
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Unit V. The Body Fluids and Kidneys
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 25. Regulation of Body Fluid Compartments: Extracellular and Intracellular Fluids; Edema
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 26. The Urinary System: Functional Anatomy and Urine Formation by the Kidneys
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 27. Glomerular Filtration, Renal Blood Flow, and Their Control
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 28. Renal Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 29. Urine Concentration and Dilution; Regulation of Extracellular Fluid Osmolarity and
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Sodium Concentration
[+
Chapter 30. Renal Regulation of Potassium, Calcium, Phosphate, and Magnesium; Integration of Renal
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Mechanisms for Control of Blood Volume and Extracellular Fluid Volume
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 31. Acid–Base Regulation
[+ [+ [+
Chapter 32. Diuretics and Kidney Diseases
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Unit VI. Blood Cells, Immunity, and Blood Coagulation
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 33. Red Blood Cells, Anemia, and Polycythemia
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 34. Resistance of the Body to Infection: I. Leukocytes, Granulocytes, the Monocyte-
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Macrophage System, and Inflammation
[+ [+ [+
Chapter 35. Resistance of the Body to Infection: II. Immunity and Allergy
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 36. Blood Types; Transfusion; and Tissue and Organ Transplantation
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 37. Hemostasis and Blood Coagulation
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Unit VII. Respiration
[+ [+
Chapter 38. Pulmonary Ventilation
[+ [+ [+
Chapter 39. Pulmonary Circulation, Pulmonary Edema, and Pleural Fluid
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 40. Principles of Gas Exchange; Diffusion of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Through the
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
, Respiratory Membrane [+
Chapter 41. Transport of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide in Blood and Tissue Fluids
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 42. Regulation of Respiration
[+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 43. Respiratory Insufficiency—Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, Oxygen Therapy
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Unit VIII. Aviation, Space, and Deep-Sea Diving Physiology
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 44. Aviation, High Altitude, and Space Physiology
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 45. Physiology of Deep-Sea Diving and Other Hyperbaric Conditions
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Unit IX. The Nervous System: A. General Principles and Sensory Physiology
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 46. Organization of the Nervous System, Basic Functions of Synapses, and Neurotransmitters
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 47. Sensory Receptors, Neuronal Circuits for Processing Information
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 48. Somatic Sensations: I. General Organization, Tactile and Position Senses
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 49. Somatic Sensations: II. Pain, Headache, and Thermal Sensations
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Unit X. The Nervous System: B. The Special Senses
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 50. The Eye: I. Optics of Vision
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 51. The Eye: II. Receptor and Neural Function of the Retina
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 52. The Eye: III. Central Neurophysiology of Vision
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 53. The Sense of Hearing
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 54. The Chemical Senses—Taste and Smell
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Unit XI. The Nervous System: C. Motor and Integrative Neurophysiology
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 55. Spinal Cord Motor Functions; the Cord Reflexes
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 56. Cortical and Brain Stem Control of Motor Function
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 57. Cerebellum and Basal Ganglia Contributions to Overall Motor Control
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 58. Cerebral Cortex, Intellectual Functions of the Brain, Learning, and Memory
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 59. The Limbic System and the Hypothalamus—Behavioral and Motivational Mechanisms of
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
the Brain [+
Chapter 60. States of Brain Activity—Sleep, Brain Waves, Epilepsy, Psychoses, and Dementia
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 61. The Autonomic Nervous System and the Adrenal Medulla
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
Chapter 62. Cerebral Blood Flow, Cerebrospinal Fluid, and Brain Metabolism
[+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+ [+
