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NR507 – Advanced Pathophysiology Midterm (Chamberlain University- ALL
QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+ - LATEST
UPDATE 2026-2027
1. Which type of cell death is controlled, does not elicit inflammation, and is essential for
development?
A) Necrosis
B) Apoptosis
C) Gangrene
D) Pyroptosis
Answer: B
Rationale: Apoptosis is programmed cell death that maintains homeostasis without triggering
inflammation.
2. True or False: Hypoxia is the most common cause of cellular injury.
Answer: True
3. Down syndrome results from:
A) Trisomy 21
B) Turner syndrome
C) Klinefelter syndrome
D) Marfan syndrome
Answer: A
4. Necrotic tissue with bacterial infection and gas production is:
A) Coagulative necrosis
B) Fat necrosis
C) Gangrenous necrosis
D) Apoptosis
Answer: C
UPDATED exam 2026
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5. True or False: Free radicals can damage DNA, proteins, and lipids.
Answer: True
6. Which type of immunity is primarily T-cell mediated?
A) Humoral
B) Cell-mediated
C) Innate
D) Passive
Answer: B
7. A patient presents with sudden right-sided weakness and aphasia. Most likely cause:
A) MI
B) Ischemic stroke
C) TIA
D) Seizure
Answer: B
8. True or False: Atherosclerosis begins with endothelial injury.
Answer: True
9. Pulmonary edema in left-sided heart failure is caused by:
A) Increased afterload
B) Increased pulmonary hydrostatic pressure
C) Decreased preload
D) Systemic hypotension
Answer: B
UPDATED exam 2026
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10. Which electrolyte imbalance is most likely to cause cardiac arrhythmias?
A) Hyperkalemia
B) Hypocalcemia
C) Hypernatremia
D) Hypomagnesemia
Answer: A
11. True or False: ARDS is caused by increased alveolar-capillary permeability.
Answer: True
12. A patient has pH 7.32 and HCO₃⁻ 18 mEq/L. Diagnosis:
A) Metabolic acidosis
B) Metabolic alkalosis
C) Respiratory acidosis
D) Respiratory alkalosis
Answer: A
13. Graves’ disease results from:
A) Autoimmune stimulation of TSH receptor
B) Destruction of thyroid tissue
C) Pituitary failure
D) Iodine deficiency
Answer: A
14. True or False: Type 1 diabetes is due to insulin deficiency leading to hyperglycemia and
ketone formation.
Answer: True
UPDATED exam 2026
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15. Elevated ALT/AST and jaundice indicate:
A) Hepatocellular injury
B) Cholestasis
C) Gallstones
D) Viral infection only
Answer: A
16. Hypoventilation leads to which acid-base disorder?
A) Respiratory acidosis
B) Metabolic alkalosis
C) Respiratory alkalosis
D) Metabolic acidosis
Answer: A
17. True or False: CKD leads to secondary hyperparathyroidism due to phosphate retention.
Answer: True
18. Systemic vasodilation and decreased SVR characterize which type of shock?
A) Cardiogenic
B) Hypovolemic
C) Distributive
D) Obstructive
Answer: C
19. Hemolytic anemia lab finding:
A) Increased reticulocytes
B) Decreased bilirubin
C) Low LDH
D) Low MCV
Answer: A
UPDATED exam 2026
NR507 – Advanced Pathophysiology Midterm (Chamberlain University- ALL
QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+ - LATEST
UPDATE 2026-2027
1. Which type of cell death is controlled, does not elicit inflammation, and is essential for
development?
A) Necrosis
B) Apoptosis
C) Gangrene
D) Pyroptosis
Answer: B
Rationale: Apoptosis is programmed cell death that maintains homeostasis without triggering
inflammation.
2. True or False: Hypoxia is the most common cause of cellular injury.
Answer: True
3. Down syndrome results from:
A) Trisomy 21
B) Turner syndrome
C) Klinefelter syndrome
D) Marfan syndrome
Answer: A
4. Necrotic tissue with bacterial infection and gas production is:
A) Coagulative necrosis
B) Fat necrosis
C) Gangrenous necrosis
D) Apoptosis
Answer: C
UPDATED exam 2026
,2|Page
5. True or False: Free radicals can damage DNA, proteins, and lipids.
Answer: True
6. Which type of immunity is primarily T-cell mediated?
A) Humoral
B) Cell-mediated
C) Innate
D) Passive
Answer: B
7. A patient presents with sudden right-sided weakness and aphasia. Most likely cause:
A) MI
B) Ischemic stroke
C) TIA
D) Seizure
Answer: B
8. True or False: Atherosclerosis begins with endothelial injury.
Answer: True
9. Pulmonary edema in left-sided heart failure is caused by:
A) Increased afterload
B) Increased pulmonary hydrostatic pressure
C) Decreased preload
D) Systemic hypotension
Answer: B
UPDATED exam 2026
,3|Page
10. Which electrolyte imbalance is most likely to cause cardiac arrhythmias?
A) Hyperkalemia
B) Hypocalcemia
C) Hypernatremia
D) Hypomagnesemia
Answer: A
11. True or False: ARDS is caused by increased alveolar-capillary permeability.
Answer: True
12. A patient has pH 7.32 and HCO₃⁻ 18 mEq/L. Diagnosis:
A) Metabolic acidosis
B) Metabolic alkalosis
C) Respiratory acidosis
D) Respiratory alkalosis
Answer: A
13. Graves’ disease results from:
A) Autoimmune stimulation of TSH receptor
B) Destruction of thyroid tissue
C) Pituitary failure
D) Iodine deficiency
Answer: A
14. True or False: Type 1 diabetes is due to insulin deficiency leading to hyperglycemia and
ketone formation.
Answer: True
UPDATED exam 2026
, 4|Page
15. Elevated ALT/AST and jaundice indicate:
A) Hepatocellular injury
B) Cholestasis
C) Gallstones
D) Viral infection only
Answer: A
16. Hypoventilation leads to which acid-base disorder?
A) Respiratory acidosis
B) Metabolic alkalosis
C) Respiratory alkalosis
D) Metabolic acidosis
Answer: A
17. True or False: CKD leads to secondary hyperparathyroidism due to phosphate retention.
Answer: True
18. Systemic vasodilation and decreased SVR characterize which type of shock?
A) Cardiogenic
B) Hypovolemic
C) Distributive
D) Obstructive
Answer: C
19. Hemolytic anemia lab finding:
A) Increased reticulocytes
B) Decreased bilirubin
C) Low LDH
D) Low MCV
Answer: A
UPDATED exam 2026
