Ultimate D278 Scripting and Programming (WGU) |
Complete Exam Definitions, Flowcharts & Coral Basics|
A+ Graded Rationales Latest Updated 2026
Basic programming instruction types
Input- a program gets data, like from a file, keyboard, etc
Process- a program performs computations on that data
Output- a program puts that data somewhere like a file, screen etc.
The act of _____________ something to a screen is considered an instruction, otherwise it’d
just sit on the computer. is also called printing.
outputting
Computational Thinking
creating a sequence of instructions to solve a problem.
Algorithm
a sequence of instructions that solves a problem.
Flowchart
a graphical language for creating or viewing computer programs.
Program
a list of statements, w/ ea statement carrying out some action and executing one at a time.
Interpreter
runs a program's statements.
Run and execute are words for...
carrying out a program's statements.
Variable
A name that can hold a value. The variable might be named "x". Then ( x = 7) assigns "x" with 7.
Statement
,Ea statement describes a specific action that the interpreter should carry out, such as get a
value from input into a variable, assign a variable w/ a value, or put a value to output.
In a Coral flowchart, a parallelogram represents an___________ ____________, written as:
variable = Get Next Input
input statement
a parallelogram can also represent an ________ _________, written as:
Put item to output.
output statement
A ______ _______consists of text (characters) w/in double quotes, as in “Go #57!”
string literal
What special two-character sequence, whose appearance in an output string literal causes, the
cursor to move to the next output line? (i.e. what do you put if you want the program to output
something to the next line)
\n
What is the term for any blank spaces (space and tab characters) btwn items w/in a statement.
Whitespace
What is a computer inside another electrical device (like inside a TV, car, printer, thermostat,
satellite, etc) called?
Embedded computer
A single 0 or 1 is called a ____.
8 of them are called a what?
bit
byte
What is a popular code for characters? ex. the letter Z would be stored in a computer as
1011010.
ASCII
ASCII stands for American Standard Code for Information Interchange, and was developed in
1963. ASCII uses 7 bits per code, and has codes for 128 characters
, ________ is another character encoding standard, published in 1991, whose codes can have
more bits than ASCII and thus can represent over 100,000 items, such as symbols and non-
English characters.
Unicode
Programming is largely about ________ __________: Creating a methodical solution to a given
task.
problem solving
An ________ ___________assigns a variable with a value, such as x = 5
assignment statement
(T/F) An assignment statement's left side must be a variable. The right side is an expression
True
A _________ _________ declares a new variable, specifying the variable's name and type. ex
"integer userNum"
variable declaration
A name created by a programmer for an item like a variable or function is called an
____________.
identifier
(T/F) An identifier cannot:
*be a sequence of letters (a-z, A-Z), underscores (_), and digits (0-9)
*start with a letter
False; an identifier must have those things.
(T/F) Identifiers are case sensitive, meaning upper and lower case letters differ.
True:
numCats and NumCats are different.
A ________ ________ (or keyword) is a word that is part of the language, like integer, Get, or
Put.
reserved word
What is a set of style guidelines defined by a company, team, teacher, etc, for naming variables?
Naming Conventions
Complete Exam Definitions, Flowcharts & Coral Basics|
A+ Graded Rationales Latest Updated 2026
Basic programming instruction types
Input- a program gets data, like from a file, keyboard, etc
Process- a program performs computations on that data
Output- a program puts that data somewhere like a file, screen etc.
The act of _____________ something to a screen is considered an instruction, otherwise it’d
just sit on the computer. is also called printing.
outputting
Computational Thinking
creating a sequence of instructions to solve a problem.
Algorithm
a sequence of instructions that solves a problem.
Flowchart
a graphical language for creating or viewing computer programs.
Program
a list of statements, w/ ea statement carrying out some action and executing one at a time.
Interpreter
runs a program's statements.
Run and execute are words for...
carrying out a program's statements.
Variable
A name that can hold a value. The variable might be named "x". Then ( x = 7) assigns "x" with 7.
Statement
,Ea statement describes a specific action that the interpreter should carry out, such as get a
value from input into a variable, assign a variable w/ a value, or put a value to output.
In a Coral flowchart, a parallelogram represents an___________ ____________, written as:
variable = Get Next Input
input statement
a parallelogram can also represent an ________ _________, written as:
Put item to output.
output statement
A ______ _______consists of text (characters) w/in double quotes, as in “Go #57!”
string literal
What special two-character sequence, whose appearance in an output string literal causes, the
cursor to move to the next output line? (i.e. what do you put if you want the program to output
something to the next line)
\n
What is the term for any blank spaces (space and tab characters) btwn items w/in a statement.
Whitespace
What is a computer inside another electrical device (like inside a TV, car, printer, thermostat,
satellite, etc) called?
Embedded computer
A single 0 or 1 is called a ____.
8 of them are called a what?
bit
byte
What is a popular code for characters? ex. the letter Z would be stored in a computer as
1011010.
ASCII
ASCII stands for American Standard Code for Information Interchange, and was developed in
1963. ASCII uses 7 bits per code, and has codes for 128 characters
, ________ is another character encoding standard, published in 1991, whose codes can have
more bits than ASCII and thus can represent over 100,000 items, such as symbols and non-
English characters.
Unicode
Programming is largely about ________ __________: Creating a methodical solution to a given
task.
problem solving
An ________ ___________assigns a variable with a value, such as x = 5
assignment statement
(T/F) An assignment statement's left side must be a variable. The right side is an expression
True
A _________ _________ declares a new variable, specifying the variable's name and type. ex
"integer userNum"
variable declaration
A name created by a programmer for an item like a variable or function is called an
____________.
identifier
(T/F) An identifier cannot:
*be a sequence of letters (a-z, A-Z), underscores (_), and digits (0-9)
*start with a letter
False; an identifier must have those things.
(T/F) Identifiers are case sensitive, meaning upper and lower case letters differ.
True:
numCats and NumCats are different.
A ________ ________ (or keyword) is a word that is part of the language, like integer, Get, or
Put.
reserved word
What is a set of style guidelines defined by a company, team, teacher, etc, for naming variables?
Naming Conventions
