Pathophysiology Nightingale College
2025-2026 (Midterm) Well Detailed With
Actual And Correct Answers||Already
Pass!!!A+ Confirmed To pass!
cystic fibrosis - CORRECT ANSWERS-The nurse is caring for a patient with a genetic
disease that is transmitted through autosomal recessive inheritance. Which is the most
likely diagnoses for this patient?
protect cells from injury - CORRECT ANSWERS-Adaptive cellular mechanisms function
to:
brain - CORRECT ANSWERS-If a patient has liquefactive necrosis, which organ should
the nurse asses first?
Huntington's disease - CORRECT ANSWERS-The nurse in the genetics clinic is
describing a genetic disease that leads to progressive dementia in the middle to later
adulthood. To which disease is the nurse most likely referring?
Codon - CORRECT ANSWERS-The triplet of base pairs necessary to code for a
specific amino acid is called a:
Phenotype - CORRECT ANSWERS-The outward manifestation of a disease, often
influenced by both genes and the environment, is called the disease:
A "monosomy" - CORRECT ANSWERS-The condition that occurs when a zygote is
missing in each cell is referred to as:
Transcription - CORRECT ANSWERS-The process by which RNA is formed from DNA
for protein synthesis as:
An euploid cell - CORRECT ANSWERS-The somatic cell that contains a multiple of 23
chromosomes is called:
Protein synthesis - CORRECT ANSWERS-Which is the chief function of ribosomes?
Tay-Sachs disease - CORRECT ANSWERS-A disease results in accumulation of lipids
in the nerve cells of the brain:
A decrease in cell size - CORRECT ANSWERS-Cell atrophy is:
,Apoptosis - CORRECT ANSWERS-The process by which cells program themselves to
die:
Cell injury from noxious stimuli - CORRECT ANSWERS-Which causes meta plasma in
humans?
Algor Mortis - CORRECT ANSWERS-The postmortem decrease in a patient's body
temperature will be documented as:
cell secretions - CORRECT ANSWERS-Dysplasia is characterized by abnormal
changes in:
chromosomal breakage - CORRECT ANSWERS-Clastogens are agents that cause
Liver - CORRECT ANSWERS-Which organ is most frequently affected by chronic
alcohol (ethanol) injury?
Gunshot wounds - CORRECT ANSWERS-The nurse documents "tattooing and
stippling" in a trauma patient. Which type of injury does the patient have?
an avulsion - CORRECT ANSWERS-When a patient has an extreme laceration
(laceration with a flap), which medical term should the nurse document on the chart?
T and B lymphocytes - CORRECT ANSWERS-A patient with a combined immune
deficiency lacks:
arthralgia, anemia, and rash. - CORRECT ANSWERS-When assessing the patient with
SLE, the nurse should expect to identify:
Type 1 - CORRECT ANSWERS-Your patient is having a reaction to a bee sting. Which
type of hypersensitivity are they displaying?
neutrophils and macrophages - CORRECT ANSWERS-The major phagocytic cells in
inflammation are:
It controls clotting by breaking down fibrin - CORRECT ANSWERS-What is the role of
plasmin in the inflammatory response cycle?
skin and mucous membranes - CORRECT ANSWERS-Among the many innate
defenses the body has to pathogens, the first line of defense is the:
Interferon - CORRECT ANSWERS-Which substance is released during a viral infection
and signals neighboring cells to enhance viral defenses?
Engulfment - CORRECT ANSWERS-What term is used to describe the process of
endocytosis?
,Thymus - CORRECT ANSWERS-DiGeorge syndrome is characterized by absence or
underdevelopment of which organ?
Women 20-40 years old - CORRECT ANSWERS-You are planning a community
teaching event about systemic lupus eruthematosus (SLE). To which population should
your teaching primarily target?
Both parents could be carriers - CORRECT ANSWERS-A couple has two offspring; one
child has an autosomal recessive disease trait and one is normal. What most likely
conclusions can the nurse make about the parents?
Lipids in the nerve cells of the brain - CORRECT ANSWERS-When teaching staff Tay-
Sachs disease, which information should the nurse include? Tay-Sachs disease results
in the accumulation of:
Tissue damage by antioxidants - CORRECT ANSWERS-Which statement by a nursing
student indicates the need for further teaching? Free radical injury can be caused by:
All of the above (Low birth weight, mental retardation, facial abnormalities) - CORRECT
ANSWERS-When an infant has been identified as having fetal exposure to alcohol,
which assessment parameters should be considered?
An individual who is heterozygous for a gene has: - CORRECT ANSWERS-alleles at a
given locus that are different from one another.
The nurse is caring for a new mother who just gave birth to a baby with Down
syndrome. The nurse explains that this syndrome is a result of trisomy with which
chromosome? - CORRECT ANSWERS-21 (the karyotype of an individual with Down
syndrome shows trisomy 21.)
When the clinician is discussing the DNA helix, which information should be included?
In the DNA helix, guanine pairs with: - CORRECT ANSWERS-Cytosine
A nurse recalls that adaptive cellular mechanisms function is to: - CORRECT
ANSWERS-Protect cells from injury
The geneticist is teaching a class that includes information about DNA. Which
information should be included? DNA contains: - CORRECT ANSWERS-the genetic
code for all parts of the body.
What is the roll of plasmid in the inflammatory response cycle? - CORRECT
ANSWERS-It controls clotting by breaking down fibrin.
A patient has a complement deficiency of C5 and C7. The nurse should monitor this
patient for infections caused by: - CORRECT ANSWERS-Neisseria
, What term does the nurse use to describe the exudate that is characterized by the
movement of watery fluid, containing few cells and little protein? - CORRECT
ANSWERS-Serous
While discussing the complement system, which information should the nurse include?
The alternative pathway of the complement system is activated by: - CORRECT
ANSWERS-Bacteria
A nurse wants to teach about the most common primary immune deficiency condition.
Which of the following should the nurse describe? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Common
variable immune deficiency
A patient asks a nurse what leukotrienes do. Which of the following is the best answer?
- CORRECT ANSWERS-Cause increased vascular permeability
A patient with cancer sustains an excessive amount of tumor necrosis factor alpha. For
which condition should the nurse be particularly alert? - CORRECT ANSWERS-
cachexia
fatigue - CORRECT ANSWERS-Most commonly reported symptom associated with
cancer is:
tumor suppressor genes - CORRECT ANSWERS-The retinoblastoma gene is what type
of gene?
Translocation - CORRECT ANSWERS-A process in which a piece of one chromosome
is moved to another chromosome:
Metastasis - CORRECT ANSWERS-What term is used to describe cancer that extends
to organs of tissue distant from the site of origin?
Cancer - CORRECT ANSWERS-What is the leading cause of death in developed
countries?
increased cell division - CORRECT ANSWERS-What would you expect to occur when a
patients cancer is caused by mutations of a proto-oncogene
Infection - CORRECT ANSWERS-A patient is experiencing leukopenia from cancer and
chemotherapy treatment. Which condition should you asses for the patient?
Malignant tumors have a tendency to: - CORRECT ANSWERS-invade surrounding
tissues; they also grow rapidly and have a tendency to metastasize
For metastasis to occur, tumor cells must be capable of: - CORRECT ANSWERS-
surviving in the bloodstream
2025-2026 (Midterm) Well Detailed With
Actual And Correct Answers||Already
Pass!!!A+ Confirmed To pass!
cystic fibrosis - CORRECT ANSWERS-The nurse is caring for a patient with a genetic
disease that is transmitted through autosomal recessive inheritance. Which is the most
likely diagnoses for this patient?
protect cells from injury - CORRECT ANSWERS-Adaptive cellular mechanisms function
to:
brain - CORRECT ANSWERS-If a patient has liquefactive necrosis, which organ should
the nurse asses first?
Huntington's disease - CORRECT ANSWERS-The nurse in the genetics clinic is
describing a genetic disease that leads to progressive dementia in the middle to later
adulthood. To which disease is the nurse most likely referring?
Codon - CORRECT ANSWERS-The triplet of base pairs necessary to code for a
specific amino acid is called a:
Phenotype - CORRECT ANSWERS-The outward manifestation of a disease, often
influenced by both genes and the environment, is called the disease:
A "monosomy" - CORRECT ANSWERS-The condition that occurs when a zygote is
missing in each cell is referred to as:
Transcription - CORRECT ANSWERS-The process by which RNA is formed from DNA
for protein synthesis as:
An euploid cell - CORRECT ANSWERS-The somatic cell that contains a multiple of 23
chromosomes is called:
Protein synthesis - CORRECT ANSWERS-Which is the chief function of ribosomes?
Tay-Sachs disease - CORRECT ANSWERS-A disease results in accumulation of lipids
in the nerve cells of the brain:
A decrease in cell size - CORRECT ANSWERS-Cell atrophy is:
,Apoptosis - CORRECT ANSWERS-The process by which cells program themselves to
die:
Cell injury from noxious stimuli - CORRECT ANSWERS-Which causes meta plasma in
humans?
Algor Mortis - CORRECT ANSWERS-The postmortem decrease in a patient's body
temperature will be documented as:
cell secretions - CORRECT ANSWERS-Dysplasia is characterized by abnormal
changes in:
chromosomal breakage - CORRECT ANSWERS-Clastogens are agents that cause
Liver - CORRECT ANSWERS-Which organ is most frequently affected by chronic
alcohol (ethanol) injury?
Gunshot wounds - CORRECT ANSWERS-The nurse documents "tattooing and
stippling" in a trauma patient. Which type of injury does the patient have?
an avulsion - CORRECT ANSWERS-When a patient has an extreme laceration
(laceration with a flap), which medical term should the nurse document on the chart?
T and B lymphocytes - CORRECT ANSWERS-A patient with a combined immune
deficiency lacks:
arthralgia, anemia, and rash. - CORRECT ANSWERS-When assessing the patient with
SLE, the nurse should expect to identify:
Type 1 - CORRECT ANSWERS-Your patient is having a reaction to a bee sting. Which
type of hypersensitivity are they displaying?
neutrophils and macrophages - CORRECT ANSWERS-The major phagocytic cells in
inflammation are:
It controls clotting by breaking down fibrin - CORRECT ANSWERS-What is the role of
plasmin in the inflammatory response cycle?
skin and mucous membranes - CORRECT ANSWERS-Among the many innate
defenses the body has to pathogens, the first line of defense is the:
Interferon - CORRECT ANSWERS-Which substance is released during a viral infection
and signals neighboring cells to enhance viral defenses?
Engulfment - CORRECT ANSWERS-What term is used to describe the process of
endocytosis?
,Thymus - CORRECT ANSWERS-DiGeorge syndrome is characterized by absence or
underdevelopment of which organ?
Women 20-40 years old - CORRECT ANSWERS-You are planning a community
teaching event about systemic lupus eruthematosus (SLE). To which population should
your teaching primarily target?
Both parents could be carriers - CORRECT ANSWERS-A couple has two offspring; one
child has an autosomal recessive disease trait and one is normal. What most likely
conclusions can the nurse make about the parents?
Lipids in the nerve cells of the brain - CORRECT ANSWERS-When teaching staff Tay-
Sachs disease, which information should the nurse include? Tay-Sachs disease results
in the accumulation of:
Tissue damage by antioxidants - CORRECT ANSWERS-Which statement by a nursing
student indicates the need for further teaching? Free radical injury can be caused by:
All of the above (Low birth weight, mental retardation, facial abnormalities) - CORRECT
ANSWERS-When an infant has been identified as having fetal exposure to alcohol,
which assessment parameters should be considered?
An individual who is heterozygous for a gene has: - CORRECT ANSWERS-alleles at a
given locus that are different from one another.
The nurse is caring for a new mother who just gave birth to a baby with Down
syndrome. The nurse explains that this syndrome is a result of trisomy with which
chromosome? - CORRECT ANSWERS-21 (the karyotype of an individual with Down
syndrome shows trisomy 21.)
When the clinician is discussing the DNA helix, which information should be included?
In the DNA helix, guanine pairs with: - CORRECT ANSWERS-Cytosine
A nurse recalls that adaptive cellular mechanisms function is to: - CORRECT
ANSWERS-Protect cells from injury
The geneticist is teaching a class that includes information about DNA. Which
information should be included? DNA contains: - CORRECT ANSWERS-the genetic
code for all parts of the body.
What is the roll of plasmid in the inflammatory response cycle? - CORRECT
ANSWERS-It controls clotting by breaking down fibrin.
A patient has a complement deficiency of C5 and C7. The nurse should monitor this
patient for infections caused by: - CORRECT ANSWERS-Neisseria
, What term does the nurse use to describe the exudate that is characterized by the
movement of watery fluid, containing few cells and little protein? - CORRECT
ANSWERS-Serous
While discussing the complement system, which information should the nurse include?
The alternative pathway of the complement system is activated by: - CORRECT
ANSWERS-Bacteria
A nurse wants to teach about the most common primary immune deficiency condition.
Which of the following should the nurse describe? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Common
variable immune deficiency
A patient asks a nurse what leukotrienes do. Which of the following is the best answer?
- CORRECT ANSWERS-Cause increased vascular permeability
A patient with cancer sustains an excessive amount of tumor necrosis factor alpha. For
which condition should the nurse be particularly alert? - CORRECT ANSWERS-
cachexia
fatigue - CORRECT ANSWERS-Most commonly reported symptom associated with
cancer is:
tumor suppressor genes - CORRECT ANSWERS-The retinoblastoma gene is what type
of gene?
Translocation - CORRECT ANSWERS-A process in which a piece of one chromosome
is moved to another chromosome:
Metastasis - CORRECT ANSWERS-What term is used to describe cancer that extends
to organs of tissue distant from the site of origin?
Cancer - CORRECT ANSWERS-What is the leading cause of death in developed
countries?
increased cell division - CORRECT ANSWERS-What would you expect to occur when a
patients cancer is caused by mutations of a proto-oncogene
Infection - CORRECT ANSWERS-A patient is experiencing leukopenia from cancer and
chemotherapy treatment. Which condition should you asses for the patient?
Malignant tumors have a tendency to: - CORRECT ANSWERS-invade surrounding
tissues; they also grow rapidly and have a tendency to metastasize
For metastasis to occur, tumor cells must be capable of: - CORRECT ANSWERS-
surviving in the bloodstream
