CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT QUIZ
Q&A
the most accurate measure of general development; the radiologic determination of
osseous maturation - skeletal age
the rate of metabolism when the body is at rest - basic metabolic rate
according to Chess and Thomas (1999), a term defined as the manner of thinking,
behaving, or reacting that is characteristic of an individual; the way in which a person
deals with life - temperament
term used by Freud to describe any sensual pleasure - psychosexual development
the most widely accepted theory of personality development, which emphasizes a
healthy personality and was advanced by Erikson; uses the biologic concepts of critical
periods and epigenesis, describing key conflicts or more problems that the individual
strives to master during critical periods in personality development - psychosocial
development
the processes by which developing individuals becomes acquainted with the world and
the objects it contains - cognition
the term that includes all the notions, beliefs, and convictions that constitute and
individual's self-knowledge and influence that individual's relationship with others - self-
concept
a vital component of self-concept, referring to the subjective concepts and attitudes that
individuals have toward their own bodies - body image
a personal, subjective judgment of one's worthiness derived from and individuals'
perceptions of how they are valued by others - self-esteem
the work of the child - play
signs of stress - behaviors exhibited by both children who are abused and those who
are depressed
a special class of individual reactions to stressors - coping
specific ways in which children deal with stress - coping strategies
relatively unchanging personality characteristics or outcomes of coping - coping styles
, C. provides a convenient means to describe the majority of children - Categorizing
growth and behavior into approximate age stages:
A. helps to account for individual differences in children
B. can be applied to all children with some degree of precision
C. provides a convenient means to describe the majority of children
D. determines the speed of each child's growth
an increase in competence and adaptability; aging; most often used to describe a
qualitative change - maturation
differentiation - processes whereby early embryonal cells and structures are
systematically modified and altered (from broad, global patterns) to achieve specific and
characteristic physical and chemical properties
a set of skills and competencies peculiar to each developmental stage that children
must accomplish or master in order to deal effectively with the environment -
developmental task
the directional trend of growth and development that proceeds from head to tail -
cephalocaudal
the directional pattern of growth and development that proceeds from near to far -
proximodistal
limited times during a process of growth when the organism is more susceptible to
positive or negative influences - sensitive period
A. head growth precedes limb growth - Which of the following is an example of
cephalocaudal directional trend in development?
A. head growth precedes limb growth
B. fingers and toes develop after embryonic limb buds
C. infants manipulate fingers after they are able to use the whole hand as a unit
D. infants begin to have fine muscle control after gross random muscle movement is
established
C. 21 - An average healthy term infant who weighs 7 pounds at birth can be expected to
weigh ____________ by 12 months of life.
A. 14
B. 18
C. 21
D. 24
B. the order of development - Which of the following is considered fixed and precise?
A. the pace and rate of development
B. the order of development
C. physical growth-in particular, height
Q&A
the most accurate measure of general development; the radiologic determination of
osseous maturation - skeletal age
the rate of metabolism when the body is at rest - basic metabolic rate
according to Chess and Thomas (1999), a term defined as the manner of thinking,
behaving, or reacting that is characteristic of an individual; the way in which a person
deals with life - temperament
term used by Freud to describe any sensual pleasure - psychosexual development
the most widely accepted theory of personality development, which emphasizes a
healthy personality and was advanced by Erikson; uses the biologic concepts of critical
periods and epigenesis, describing key conflicts or more problems that the individual
strives to master during critical periods in personality development - psychosocial
development
the processes by which developing individuals becomes acquainted with the world and
the objects it contains - cognition
the term that includes all the notions, beliefs, and convictions that constitute and
individual's self-knowledge and influence that individual's relationship with others - self-
concept
a vital component of self-concept, referring to the subjective concepts and attitudes that
individuals have toward their own bodies - body image
a personal, subjective judgment of one's worthiness derived from and individuals'
perceptions of how they are valued by others - self-esteem
the work of the child - play
signs of stress - behaviors exhibited by both children who are abused and those who
are depressed
a special class of individual reactions to stressors - coping
specific ways in which children deal with stress - coping strategies
relatively unchanging personality characteristics or outcomes of coping - coping styles
, C. provides a convenient means to describe the majority of children - Categorizing
growth and behavior into approximate age stages:
A. helps to account for individual differences in children
B. can be applied to all children with some degree of precision
C. provides a convenient means to describe the majority of children
D. determines the speed of each child's growth
an increase in competence and adaptability; aging; most often used to describe a
qualitative change - maturation
differentiation - processes whereby early embryonal cells and structures are
systematically modified and altered (from broad, global patterns) to achieve specific and
characteristic physical and chemical properties
a set of skills and competencies peculiar to each developmental stage that children
must accomplish or master in order to deal effectively with the environment -
developmental task
the directional trend of growth and development that proceeds from head to tail -
cephalocaudal
the directional pattern of growth and development that proceeds from near to far -
proximodistal
limited times during a process of growth when the organism is more susceptible to
positive or negative influences - sensitive period
A. head growth precedes limb growth - Which of the following is an example of
cephalocaudal directional trend in development?
A. head growth precedes limb growth
B. fingers and toes develop after embryonic limb buds
C. infants manipulate fingers after they are able to use the whole hand as a unit
D. infants begin to have fine muscle control after gross random muscle movement is
established
C. 21 - An average healthy term infant who weighs 7 pounds at birth can be expected to
weigh ____________ by 12 months of life.
A. 14
B. 18
C. 21
D. 24
B. the order of development - Which of the following is considered fixed and precise?
A. the pace and rate of development
B. the order of development
C. physical growth-in particular, height
