CHAPTER 14 BSC 2010 HOMEWORK QUESTIONS
AND 100% CORRECT ANSWERS
Complete the following vocabulary exercise related to the process of translation of mRNA
to protein by the ribosome.
Match the words in the left-hand column with the appropriate blank in the sentences in the
right-hand column.
1. The RNA that has an amino acid attached to it, and that binds to the codon on the mRNA, is
called a [tRNA].
2. [Termination] of translation happens when the ribosome hits a stop codon on the mRNA.
3. Amino acids are attached to tRNA by enzymes called
[aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase ].
4. The process, performed by the ribosome, of reading mRNA and synthesizing a protein is
called [translation].
5. [Initiation] of translation always happens at the start codon of the mRNA.
Sort each description by the type of RNA it describes.
Drag each item to the appropriate bin.
tRNA:
contains an anticodon
has amino acids covalently attached
mRNA:
contains exons
specifies the amino acid sequence for a protein
rRNA:
is a component of ribosomes
is the most abundant form of RNA
Indicate at which step of the replication-transcription-translation process each type of
RNA first plays a role.
During which step of the replication-transcription-translation process does each type of
RNA first play a role? Drag each item to the appropriate bin. (Not every bin has to be
filled.)
Replication:
Transcription/RNA processing:
mRNA
Translation:
, tRNA
mRNA
Where does translation take place?
Ribosome
Which nucleic acid is translated to make a protein?
mRNA
Which of the following processes is an example of a post-translational modification?
Phosphorylation
Which of the following steps occurs last in the initiation phase of translation?
The large ribosomal subunit joins the complex.
At which site do new aminoacyl tRNAs enter the ribosome during elongation?
A-site
What is meant by translocation?
The ribosome slides one codon down the mRNA.
True or false. A tRNA with an anticodon complementary to the stop codon catalyzes the
reaction by which translation is terminated.
False
Which of these is tRNA
B
What enzyme catalyzes the attachment of an amino acid to tRNA?
aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase
The tRNA anticodon, GAC, is complementary to the mRNA codon with the sequence ____.
CUG
What is the name of the process shown in the diagram?
initiation (of translation)
The initiator tRNA attaches at the ribosome's _____ site.
P
In eukaryotic cells, the processes of protein synthesis occur in different cellular locations.
AND 100% CORRECT ANSWERS
Complete the following vocabulary exercise related to the process of translation of mRNA
to protein by the ribosome.
Match the words in the left-hand column with the appropriate blank in the sentences in the
right-hand column.
1. The RNA that has an amino acid attached to it, and that binds to the codon on the mRNA, is
called a [tRNA].
2. [Termination] of translation happens when the ribosome hits a stop codon on the mRNA.
3. Amino acids are attached to tRNA by enzymes called
[aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase ].
4. The process, performed by the ribosome, of reading mRNA and synthesizing a protein is
called [translation].
5. [Initiation] of translation always happens at the start codon of the mRNA.
Sort each description by the type of RNA it describes.
Drag each item to the appropriate bin.
tRNA:
contains an anticodon
has amino acids covalently attached
mRNA:
contains exons
specifies the amino acid sequence for a protein
rRNA:
is a component of ribosomes
is the most abundant form of RNA
Indicate at which step of the replication-transcription-translation process each type of
RNA first plays a role.
During which step of the replication-transcription-translation process does each type of
RNA first play a role? Drag each item to the appropriate bin. (Not every bin has to be
filled.)
Replication:
Transcription/RNA processing:
mRNA
Translation:
, tRNA
mRNA
Where does translation take place?
Ribosome
Which nucleic acid is translated to make a protein?
mRNA
Which of the following processes is an example of a post-translational modification?
Phosphorylation
Which of the following steps occurs last in the initiation phase of translation?
The large ribosomal subunit joins the complex.
At which site do new aminoacyl tRNAs enter the ribosome during elongation?
A-site
What is meant by translocation?
The ribosome slides one codon down the mRNA.
True or false. A tRNA with an anticodon complementary to the stop codon catalyzes the
reaction by which translation is terminated.
False
Which of these is tRNA
B
What enzyme catalyzes the attachment of an amino acid to tRNA?
aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase
The tRNA anticodon, GAC, is complementary to the mRNA codon with the sequence ____.
CUG
What is the name of the process shown in the diagram?
initiation (of translation)
The initiator tRNA attaches at the ribosome's _____ site.
P
In eukaryotic cells, the processes of protein synthesis occur in different cellular locations.
