CRIMINOLOGY UNIT 3 COMPREHENSIVE
NOTES AND SUMMARY 2026 TESTED
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
⩥ Bill of Rights. Answer: The first 10 amendments to the U.S.
Constitution, which guide procedural law pertaining to issues such as
arrests, warrants, search and seizure, and trials
⩥ Brawner rule. Answer: Also called the ALI rule, it reduced "knowing
right from wrong" to the capacity to appreciate the difference between
the two. In other words, a defendant must possess an "understanding of
his conduct" and be able to "control his actions."
⩥ Case law. Answer: Law that is based on previous court decisions or
precedents.
⩥ Civil law. Answer: Law that deals with disputes between individuals
or organizations and typically seeks some type of compensation for the
harmed party.
⩥ Class action lawsuits. Answer: Civil cases involving large numbers of
victims in which courts authorize a single individual or small faction to
represent the interests of the larger group.
, ⩥ Code of Hammurabi. Answer: The oldest known legal code, it
established approximately 300 provisions for family, trade, real property,
personal property, and labor.
⩥ Cole memo. Answer: Named after former deputy attorney general
James Cole, it outlined guidelines for states related to marijuana,
including use by minors, driving under the influence, and out-of-state
trafficking.
⩥ Common law. Answer: A type of legal system originally developed in
England, whereby the courts define the law and determine how to apply
the law. This is the body of law derived from judicial opinions
⩥ Compensatory damages. Answer: Money awarded in a civil lawsuit
for loss or injury suffered as a result of unlawful conduct
⩥ Constitutional law. Answer: A major source of law that establishes the
fundamental rules and relationships among the judiciary, legislative, and
executive branches at the state and federal levels
⩥ Durham test. Answer: Determines if a criminal act was a product of
mental disease or defect. This requires that jurors determine if a
defendant had a mental disease or defect and if the condition was the
reason for the criminal behavior.
NOTES AND SUMMARY 2026 TESTED
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
⩥ Bill of Rights. Answer: The first 10 amendments to the U.S.
Constitution, which guide procedural law pertaining to issues such as
arrests, warrants, search and seizure, and trials
⩥ Brawner rule. Answer: Also called the ALI rule, it reduced "knowing
right from wrong" to the capacity to appreciate the difference between
the two. In other words, a defendant must possess an "understanding of
his conduct" and be able to "control his actions."
⩥ Case law. Answer: Law that is based on previous court decisions or
precedents.
⩥ Civil law. Answer: Law that deals with disputes between individuals
or organizations and typically seeks some type of compensation for the
harmed party.
⩥ Class action lawsuits. Answer: Civil cases involving large numbers of
victims in which courts authorize a single individual or small faction to
represent the interests of the larger group.
, ⩥ Code of Hammurabi. Answer: The oldest known legal code, it
established approximately 300 provisions for family, trade, real property,
personal property, and labor.
⩥ Cole memo. Answer: Named after former deputy attorney general
James Cole, it outlined guidelines for states related to marijuana,
including use by minors, driving under the influence, and out-of-state
trafficking.
⩥ Common law. Answer: A type of legal system originally developed in
England, whereby the courts define the law and determine how to apply
the law. This is the body of law derived from judicial opinions
⩥ Compensatory damages. Answer: Money awarded in a civil lawsuit
for loss or injury suffered as a result of unlawful conduct
⩥ Constitutional law. Answer: A major source of law that establishes the
fundamental rules and relationships among the judiciary, legislative, and
executive branches at the state and federal levels
⩥ Durham test. Answer: Determines if a criminal act was a product of
mental disease or defect. This requires that jurors determine if a
defendant had a mental disease or defect and if the condition was the
reason for the criminal behavior.
