Kathleen Jasper Social Studies Praxis 5004 Exam
With Complete Solutions
European Colonization - ANSWER Key Motives:
Spanish - Gold, Northwest Passage
French - Spread Christianity, Northwest Passage
England - Colonize, Northwest Passage
Christopher Columbus - ANSWER Made one of the most famous voyages of exploration
in 1492 when he sailed from Palos, Spain in search of a route to Asia and the Indies.
Instead, Columbus found the New World - The Americas.
Hernan Cortes - ANSWER In 1519, Cortes landed in Mexico with 600 men and fewer than
200 horses. Upon discovering the vast Aztec wealth, Cortes' motivations quickly
changed from colonization and Christianity to acquiring gold. Cortes began the first
phase of the Spanish colonization of the Americas and conquered the Aztec empire.
Exploration of the Americas Timeline: 1000 - ANSWER Leif Erikson discovers Vinland
(New England).
Exploration of the Americas Timeline: 1492 - ANSWER Christopher Columbus discovers
the New World (Hispaniola, San Salvador).
Exploration of the Americas Timeline: 1497 - ANSWER John Cabot discovers continental
North America.
Exploration of the Americas Timeline: 1507 - ANSWER New World named after Amerigo
Vespucci.
Exploration of the Americas Timeline: 1513 - ANSWER Vasco Nunez de Balboa
,discovers the Pacific Ocean.
Exploration of the Americas Timeline: 1519 - ANSWER Hernan Cortes conquers Mexico
by defeating the Aztecs and their leader Montezuma. The victory gave Spain a
stronghold over Central American land and gold for years to come.
Exploration of the Americas Timeline: 1521 - ANSWER Ferdinand Magellan sails around
the world.
St. Augustine - ANSWER The oldest city in the United States is St. Augustine, founded in
1565 by the Spanish. Ponce de Leon, a Spanish conquistador, explored St. Augustine
looking for gold and other resources.
Jamestown - ANSWER Jamestown, Virginia was the first permanent English colony in
the Americas and was established in 1607.
Plymouth Colony - ANSWER Plymouth Colony, America's first permanent Puritan
settlement, was established by English Separatist Puritans in December 1620. The
Pilgrims left England to see religious freedom.
Rhode Island Colony - ANSWER Founded in 1636 by Roger Williams, an English Puritan
who advocated for religious freedom and the fair treatment of Native Americans (The
Editors of Encyclopedia Britannica, n.d.).
The House of Burgesses - ANSWER The House of Burgesses at Jamestown, Virginia,
was the first legislative assembly in the colonies. The main player or name associated
with the House of Burgesses is George Yeardley, who was Governor of the Virginia
Colony.
New England Colonies - ANSWER New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island,
Connecticut
Middle Colonies - ANSWER New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware
,Southern Colonies - ANSWER Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina,
Georgia
The Mayflower - ANSWER An English ship that transported the Puritans from England to
the New World. The ship has become a cultural icon in the history of the United States.
The Mayflower Compact - ANSWER The first document of self-governance signed by the
passengers of the Mayflower on September 16, 1620.
The American Revolution - ANSWER The colonists' revolt against Great Britain from
about 1765 to 1783. It began with a series of British taxes imposed on the colonists,
which led to a clash of political ideologies, protests, and war. With the help of the
French, the American colonists fought the British and won their independence. The 13
colonies formed the United States of America.
Stamp Act - ANSWER The Stamp Act was a tax put on the American colonies by the
British in 1765.
Townshend Acts - ANSWER A series of laws passed by the British Parliament in 1767.
The laws taxed goods (paper, paint, lead, glass, and tea) imported to the American
colonies and established the following:
- American Customs Board in Boston to collect taxes
- Courts in America to prosecute smugglers (without using a local jury)
- The right of British officials to search colonists' houses and businesses
Boston Massacre - ANSWER Confrontation where a British soldier shot and killed
several people in Boston. Leading patriots like Paul Revere and Samuel Adams used this
as propaganda for the Revolutionary War.
Boston Tea Party - ANSWER A protest by the American Colonists against the British
government. It occured on December 16, 1773.
, - A result of the Tea Tax of 1773
- Dumped 90,000 pounds of tea into Boston Harbor
- Perpetrated by the Sons of Liberty
Sons of Liberty - ANSWER A secret organization created in the 13 American Colonies to
advance the rights of the colonists and to fight taxation by the British government.
George Washington - ANSWER Military general and 1st U.S. president
John Adams - ANSWER Lawyer and diplomat, 2nd U.S. president
Sam Adams - ANSWER Founding father, politician
Paul Revere - ANSWER Patriot, midnight ride, "The British are coming..."
Thomas Jefferson - ANSWER Founding father, 3rd U.S. president, principal author of the
Declaration of Independence
Alexander Hamilton - ANSWER Founding father, Federalist
John Locke - ANSWER Philosopher of the social contract theory, impacted the
Declaration of Independence
Samuel Adams - ANSWER Political writer, founder of the Sons of Liberty
Benedict Arnold - ANSWER Businessman, future general in the Continental Army,
traitor, and coward
John Hancock - ANSWER Merchant, smuggler, fire warden
With Complete Solutions
European Colonization - ANSWER Key Motives:
Spanish - Gold, Northwest Passage
French - Spread Christianity, Northwest Passage
England - Colonize, Northwest Passage
Christopher Columbus - ANSWER Made one of the most famous voyages of exploration
in 1492 when he sailed from Palos, Spain in search of a route to Asia and the Indies.
Instead, Columbus found the New World - The Americas.
Hernan Cortes - ANSWER In 1519, Cortes landed in Mexico with 600 men and fewer than
200 horses. Upon discovering the vast Aztec wealth, Cortes' motivations quickly
changed from colonization and Christianity to acquiring gold. Cortes began the first
phase of the Spanish colonization of the Americas and conquered the Aztec empire.
Exploration of the Americas Timeline: 1000 - ANSWER Leif Erikson discovers Vinland
(New England).
Exploration of the Americas Timeline: 1492 - ANSWER Christopher Columbus discovers
the New World (Hispaniola, San Salvador).
Exploration of the Americas Timeline: 1497 - ANSWER John Cabot discovers continental
North America.
Exploration of the Americas Timeline: 1507 - ANSWER New World named after Amerigo
Vespucci.
Exploration of the Americas Timeline: 1513 - ANSWER Vasco Nunez de Balboa
,discovers the Pacific Ocean.
Exploration of the Americas Timeline: 1519 - ANSWER Hernan Cortes conquers Mexico
by defeating the Aztecs and their leader Montezuma. The victory gave Spain a
stronghold over Central American land and gold for years to come.
Exploration of the Americas Timeline: 1521 - ANSWER Ferdinand Magellan sails around
the world.
St. Augustine - ANSWER The oldest city in the United States is St. Augustine, founded in
1565 by the Spanish. Ponce de Leon, a Spanish conquistador, explored St. Augustine
looking for gold and other resources.
Jamestown - ANSWER Jamestown, Virginia was the first permanent English colony in
the Americas and was established in 1607.
Plymouth Colony - ANSWER Plymouth Colony, America's first permanent Puritan
settlement, was established by English Separatist Puritans in December 1620. The
Pilgrims left England to see religious freedom.
Rhode Island Colony - ANSWER Founded in 1636 by Roger Williams, an English Puritan
who advocated for religious freedom and the fair treatment of Native Americans (The
Editors of Encyclopedia Britannica, n.d.).
The House of Burgesses - ANSWER The House of Burgesses at Jamestown, Virginia,
was the first legislative assembly in the colonies. The main player or name associated
with the House of Burgesses is George Yeardley, who was Governor of the Virginia
Colony.
New England Colonies - ANSWER New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island,
Connecticut
Middle Colonies - ANSWER New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware
,Southern Colonies - ANSWER Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina,
Georgia
The Mayflower - ANSWER An English ship that transported the Puritans from England to
the New World. The ship has become a cultural icon in the history of the United States.
The Mayflower Compact - ANSWER The first document of self-governance signed by the
passengers of the Mayflower on September 16, 1620.
The American Revolution - ANSWER The colonists' revolt against Great Britain from
about 1765 to 1783. It began with a series of British taxes imposed on the colonists,
which led to a clash of political ideologies, protests, and war. With the help of the
French, the American colonists fought the British and won their independence. The 13
colonies formed the United States of America.
Stamp Act - ANSWER The Stamp Act was a tax put on the American colonies by the
British in 1765.
Townshend Acts - ANSWER A series of laws passed by the British Parliament in 1767.
The laws taxed goods (paper, paint, lead, glass, and tea) imported to the American
colonies and established the following:
- American Customs Board in Boston to collect taxes
- Courts in America to prosecute smugglers (without using a local jury)
- The right of British officials to search colonists' houses and businesses
Boston Massacre - ANSWER Confrontation where a British soldier shot and killed
several people in Boston. Leading patriots like Paul Revere and Samuel Adams used this
as propaganda for the Revolutionary War.
Boston Tea Party - ANSWER A protest by the American Colonists against the British
government. It occured on December 16, 1773.
, - A result of the Tea Tax of 1773
- Dumped 90,000 pounds of tea into Boston Harbor
- Perpetrated by the Sons of Liberty
Sons of Liberty - ANSWER A secret organization created in the 13 American Colonies to
advance the rights of the colonists and to fight taxation by the British government.
George Washington - ANSWER Military general and 1st U.S. president
John Adams - ANSWER Lawyer and diplomat, 2nd U.S. president
Sam Adams - ANSWER Founding father, politician
Paul Revere - ANSWER Patriot, midnight ride, "The British are coming..."
Thomas Jefferson - ANSWER Founding father, 3rd U.S. president, principal author of the
Declaration of Independence
Alexander Hamilton - ANSWER Founding father, Federalist
John Locke - ANSWER Philosopher of the social contract theory, impacted the
Declaration of Independence
Samuel Adams - ANSWER Political writer, founder of the Sons of Liberty
Benedict Arnold - ANSWER Businessman, future general in the Continental Army,
traitor, and coward
John Hancock - ANSWER Merchant, smuggler, fire warden
