DIALYSIS PRACTICE REVIEW BANK 2026
EXPERT SOLUTIONS PROVIDED
⫸ What accurately describes the care of the patient with CKD?
a. A nutrient that is commonly supplemented for the patient on
dialysis because it is dialyzable is iron.
b. The syndrome that includes all of the signs and symptoms seen in
the various body systems in CKD is azotemia.
c. The use of morphine is contraindicated in the patient with CKD
because accumulation of its metabolites may
cause seizures.
d. The use of calcium-based phosphate binders in the patient with
CKD is contraindicated when serum calcium
levels are increased.. Answer: d. In the patient with CKD, when serum
calcium levels
are increased, calcium-based phosphate binders are not
used. The nutrient supplemented for patients on dialysis is
folic acid. The various body system manifestations occur
with uremia, which includes azotemia. Meperidine is
contraindicated in patients with CKD related to possible
seizures.
⫸ The patient with chronic kidney disease is considering whether to
use peritoneal dialysis (PD) or hemodialysis (HD).
,What are advantages of PD when compared to HD (select all that
apply)?
a. Less protein loss
b. Rapid fluid removal
c. Less cardiovascular stress
d. Decreased hyperlipidemia
e. Requires fewer dietary restrictions. Answer: c, e. Peritoneal dialysis
is less stressful for the
cardiovascular system and requires fewer dietary
restrictions. Peritoneal dialysis actually contributes to more
protein loss and increased hyperlipidemia. The fluid and
creatinine removal are slower with peritoneal dialysis than
hemodialysis.
⫸ In which type of dialysis does the patient dialyze during sleep and
leave the fluid in the abdomen during the day?
a. Long nocturnal hemodialysis
b. Automated peritoneal dialysis (APD)
c. Continuous venovenous hemofiltration (CVVH)
d. Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Answer: b.
Automated peritoneal dialysis (APD) is the type of
dialysis in which the patient dialyzes during sleep and
leaves the fluid in the abdomen during the day. Long
nocturnal hemodialysis occurs while the patient is
sleeping and is done up to six times per week. Continuous
,venovenous hemofiltration (CVVH) is a type of continuous
renal replacement therapy used to treat AKI. Continuous
ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) is dialysis that is
done with exchanges of 1.5 to 3 L of dialysate at least four
times daily.
⫸ To prevent the most common serious complication of PD, what is
important for the nurse to do?
a. Infuse the dialysate slowly.
b. Use strict aseptic technique in the dialysis procedures.
c. Have the patient empty the bowel before the inflow phase.
d. Reposition the patient frequently and promote deep breathing..
Answer: b. Peritonitis is a common complication of peritoneal
dialysis (PD) and may require catheter removal
and termination of dialysis. Infection occurs from
contamination of the dialysate or tubing or from
progression of exit-site or tunnel infections and strict
sterile technique must be used by health professionals as
well as the patient to prevent contamination. Too-rapid
infusion may cause shoulder pain and pain may be caused
if the catheter tip touches the bowel. Difficulty breathing,
atelectasis, and pneumonia may occur from pressure of
the fluid on the diaphragm, which may be prevented by
elevating the head of the bed and promoting repositioning
, and deep breathing.
⫸ A patient on hemodialysis develops a thrombus of a subcutaneous
arteriovenous (AV) graft, requiring its removal.
While waiting for a replacement graft or fistula, the patient is most
likely to have what done for treatment?
a. Peritoneal dialysis
b. Peripheral vascular access using radial artery
c. Silastic catheter tunneled subcutaneously to the jugular vein
d. Peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) line inserted into
subclavian vein. Answer: c. A more permanent, soft, flexible Silastic
double-lumen
catheter is used for long-term access when other forms of
vascular access have failed. These catheters are tunneled
subcutaneously and have Dacron cuffs that prevent infection
from tracking along the catheter.
⫸ A man with end-stage kidney disease is scheduled for hemodialysis
following healing of an arteriovenous fistula
(AVF). What should the nurse explain to him that will occur during
dialysis?
a. He will be able to visit, read, sleep, or watch TV while reclining in
a chair.
b. He will be placed on a cardiac monitor to detect any adverse effects
that might occur.
EXPERT SOLUTIONS PROVIDED
⫸ What accurately describes the care of the patient with CKD?
a. A nutrient that is commonly supplemented for the patient on
dialysis because it is dialyzable is iron.
b. The syndrome that includes all of the signs and symptoms seen in
the various body systems in CKD is azotemia.
c. The use of morphine is contraindicated in the patient with CKD
because accumulation of its metabolites may
cause seizures.
d. The use of calcium-based phosphate binders in the patient with
CKD is contraindicated when serum calcium
levels are increased.. Answer: d. In the patient with CKD, when serum
calcium levels
are increased, calcium-based phosphate binders are not
used. The nutrient supplemented for patients on dialysis is
folic acid. The various body system manifestations occur
with uremia, which includes azotemia. Meperidine is
contraindicated in patients with CKD related to possible
seizures.
⫸ The patient with chronic kidney disease is considering whether to
use peritoneal dialysis (PD) or hemodialysis (HD).
,What are advantages of PD when compared to HD (select all that
apply)?
a. Less protein loss
b. Rapid fluid removal
c. Less cardiovascular stress
d. Decreased hyperlipidemia
e. Requires fewer dietary restrictions. Answer: c, e. Peritoneal dialysis
is less stressful for the
cardiovascular system and requires fewer dietary
restrictions. Peritoneal dialysis actually contributes to more
protein loss and increased hyperlipidemia. The fluid and
creatinine removal are slower with peritoneal dialysis than
hemodialysis.
⫸ In which type of dialysis does the patient dialyze during sleep and
leave the fluid in the abdomen during the day?
a. Long nocturnal hemodialysis
b. Automated peritoneal dialysis (APD)
c. Continuous venovenous hemofiltration (CVVH)
d. Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Answer: b.
Automated peritoneal dialysis (APD) is the type of
dialysis in which the patient dialyzes during sleep and
leaves the fluid in the abdomen during the day. Long
nocturnal hemodialysis occurs while the patient is
sleeping and is done up to six times per week. Continuous
,venovenous hemofiltration (CVVH) is a type of continuous
renal replacement therapy used to treat AKI. Continuous
ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) is dialysis that is
done with exchanges of 1.5 to 3 L of dialysate at least four
times daily.
⫸ To prevent the most common serious complication of PD, what is
important for the nurse to do?
a. Infuse the dialysate slowly.
b. Use strict aseptic technique in the dialysis procedures.
c. Have the patient empty the bowel before the inflow phase.
d. Reposition the patient frequently and promote deep breathing..
Answer: b. Peritonitis is a common complication of peritoneal
dialysis (PD) and may require catheter removal
and termination of dialysis. Infection occurs from
contamination of the dialysate or tubing or from
progression of exit-site or tunnel infections and strict
sterile technique must be used by health professionals as
well as the patient to prevent contamination. Too-rapid
infusion may cause shoulder pain and pain may be caused
if the catheter tip touches the bowel. Difficulty breathing,
atelectasis, and pneumonia may occur from pressure of
the fluid on the diaphragm, which may be prevented by
elevating the head of the bed and promoting repositioning
, and deep breathing.
⫸ A patient on hemodialysis develops a thrombus of a subcutaneous
arteriovenous (AV) graft, requiring its removal.
While waiting for a replacement graft or fistula, the patient is most
likely to have what done for treatment?
a. Peritoneal dialysis
b. Peripheral vascular access using radial artery
c. Silastic catheter tunneled subcutaneously to the jugular vein
d. Peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) line inserted into
subclavian vein. Answer: c. A more permanent, soft, flexible Silastic
double-lumen
catheter is used for long-term access when other forms of
vascular access have failed. These catheters are tunneled
subcutaneously and have Dacron cuffs that prevent infection
from tracking along the catheter.
⫸ A man with end-stage kidney disease is scheduled for hemodialysis
following healing of an arteriovenous fistula
(AVF). What should the nurse explain to him that will occur during
dialysis?
a. He will be able to visit, read, sleep, or watch TV while reclining in
a chair.
b. He will be placed on a cardiac monitor to detect any adverse effects
that might occur.
