Questions and Answers
1. What is the primary purpose of using mixed gas (e.g., heliox) instead of air for deep diving?
Answer: To reduce both nitrogen narcosis and the risk of oxygen toxicity.
2. Which gas mixture is most commonly used for deep surface-supplied mixed-gas diving?
Answer: Heliox (helium-oxygen).
3. What is the maximum allowable depth for surface-supplied air diving per ADCI standards?
Answer: 165 fsw (50 msw) in some contexts, but typically limited to 130-165 fsw depending on
operations.
4. What is the primary hazard associated with high partial pressures of oxygen in mixed-gas
diving?
Answer: Central nervous system (CNS) oxygen toxicity.
5. What is the maximum operating depth (MOD) for a helium-oxygen mix with 2% oxygen?
Answer: Calculated using PPO2 = 1.6 ATA (e.g., MOD = (1.6 / FO2) - 33 fsw).
6. According to ADCI, what is the minimum oxygen percentage required in breathing gas for
mixed-gas diving?
Answer: 0.16 ATA (16% at surface).
7. What is the main function of a dive bell in mixed-gas operations?
Answer: To provide a controlled decompression environment and emergency refuge.
, 8. Which regulator is typically used in surface-supplied mixed-gas diving?
Answer: Demand regulator with non-return valve.
9. What is the primary advantage of using helium in breathing mixtures?
Answer: Reduces nitrogen narcosis.
10. What is the recommended maximum PPO2 for mixed-gas diving to avoid CNS toxicity?
Answer: 1.6 ATA.
11. In mixed-gas diving, what is the primary cause of high-pressure nervous syndrome (HPNS)?
Answer: High partial pressure of helium at extreme depths.
12. What is the minimum ventilation rate for helmets/masks in mixed-gas operations?
Answer: 4.5 ft³/min at operating depth.
13. What must be present at the dive site for mixed-gas diving deeper than 130 fsw?
Answer: Decompression chamber.
14. What is the color coding for helium cylinders per ADCI standards?
Answer: Brown with white shoulder.
15. What is the purpose of a non-return valve on the diver's umbilical?
Answer: Prevents loss of gas if umbilical is severed.
16. What is the maximum allowable CO2 in breathing gas?