MICR 290 Final Exam UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT Answers
Biohazards Biological materials that can represent a health hazard to humans, animals, or
plants.
Include a wide range of potentially infectious agents, such as bacteria, viruses,
fungi, parasites, & prions.
Risk group 1 Individual risk: low
Community risk: low
Risk group 2 Individual risk: moderate
Community risk: low
Risk group 3 Individual risk: high
Community risk: low
Risk group 4 Individual risk: high
Community risk: high
Conditions that research labs are required to operate Containment levels (CLs) or Biosafety levels (BSLs) → numbered according to the
under biohazard risk group that can be studied in that lab
CL of Queen's laboratories CL1 & CL2
How many CL4 labs in Canada, and where? 1, at the National Microbiology Laboratories in Winnipeg
, Safe handling & disposal of biohazards Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Lab coats are absolutely required, (even with Risk Group 1 biohazards). Lab
goggles are also recommended, particularly while carrying out experiments that
can generate aerosols.
Sterilization & Disposal
Lab materials that have been in contact with bacteria (ex: tubes, pipette tips, etc)
should be sterilized, using bleach or an autoclave. Once biohazardous waste is
decontaminated, it can be disposed of with regular non-contaminated lab waste.
The surface of the lab bench must be sterilized using 10% bleach or 70% ethanol.
Lab-based research also requires WHMIS training.
Aseptic technique Strategies and approaches designed to create a sterile environment, limiting
potential contamination by microorganisms
Pipettes Used to transfer volumes ranging from 1mL - 0.1μL
Advantages of pipettes - Contaminated pipette tips can be easily disposed of in waste that is to be
autoclaved (a measuring cylinder would have to be sterilized)
- More accurate than cylinders for transferring small volumes
- Cheaper and easier to decontaminate than syringes
How to use pipettes Step 1: Preparation
To transfer a solution, the plunger at the top of the pipette is first depressed,
which lowers the piston. In this step, the plunger is depressed to the first stop.
Step 2: Aspiration
The affixed pipette tip is placed in the solution, and the plunger is released,
raising the piston. This creates a vacuum, drawing the solution into the pipette tip.
Step 3: Dispense & Purge
Then, the solution is transferred into a different container by depressing the
plunger, which lowers the piston, and ejects the solution. The plunger is
depressed to the second stop, ensuring that all of the solution is expelled from
the pipette tip.
Step 4: Home
The pipette tip is removed from the solution, and the plunger is released,
returning it to the rest position.
Biohazards Biological materials that can represent a health hazard to humans, animals, or
plants.
Include a wide range of potentially infectious agents, such as bacteria, viruses,
fungi, parasites, & prions.
Risk group 1 Individual risk: low
Community risk: low
Risk group 2 Individual risk: moderate
Community risk: low
Risk group 3 Individual risk: high
Community risk: low
Risk group 4 Individual risk: high
Community risk: high
Conditions that research labs are required to operate Containment levels (CLs) or Biosafety levels (BSLs) → numbered according to the
under biohazard risk group that can be studied in that lab
CL of Queen's laboratories CL1 & CL2
How many CL4 labs in Canada, and where? 1, at the National Microbiology Laboratories in Winnipeg
, Safe handling & disposal of biohazards Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Lab coats are absolutely required, (even with Risk Group 1 biohazards). Lab
goggles are also recommended, particularly while carrying out experiments that
can generate aerosols.
Sterilization & Disposal
Lab materials that have been in contact with bacteria (ex: tubes, pipette tips, etc)
should be sterilized, using bleach or an autoclave. Once biohazardous waste is
decontaminated, it can be disposed of with regular non-contaminated lab waste.
The surface of the lab bench must be sterilized using 10% bleach or 70% ethanol.
Lab-based research also requires WHMIS training.
Aseptic technique Strategies and approaches designed to create a sterile environment, limiting
potential contamination by microorganisms
Pipettes Used to transfer volumes ranging from 1mL - 0.1μL
Advantages of pipettes - Contaminated pipette tips can be easily disposed of in waste that is to be
autoclaved (a measuring cylinder would have to be sterilized)
- More accurate than cylinders for transferring small volumes
- Cheaper and easier to decontaminate than syringes
How to use pipettes Step 1: Preparation
To transfer a solution, the plunger at the top of the pipette is first depressed,
which lowers the piston. In this step, the plunger is depressed to the first stop.
Step 2: Aspiration
The affixed pipette tip is placed in the solution, and the plunger is released,
raising the piston. This creates a vacuum, drawing the solution into the pipette tip.
Step 3: Dispense & Purge
Then, the solution is transferred into a different container by depressing the
plunger, which lowers the piston, and ejects the solution. The plunger is
depressed to the second stop, ensuring that all of the solution is expelled from
the pipette tip.
Step 4: Home
The pipette tip is removed from the solution, and the plunger is released,
returning it to the rest position.
