NUR 3420: Patho/Pharm I - Final Exam
Questions with Guaranteed Pass
Solutions 2025-2026 Updated.
Define pharmacokinetics. - Answer The study of what the body does to a drug.
Define pharmacodynamics. - Answer The study of what the drug does to the body.
Define pharmacogenomics/pharmacogenetics. - Answer The study of the influence of
genetic factors on drug response that result in the absence, overabundance, or insufficiency of
drug-metabolizing enzymes.
Define pharmacotherapeutics. - Answer The clinical use of drugs to prevent and treat
diseases.
Define pharmacognosy. - Answer This includes the four main sources for drugs: plants,
animals, minerals, and laboratory synthesis.
Define Pharmacoeconomics. - Answer The cost-benefit analysis that examines treatment
outcomes in relation to the comparative total costs of treatment with drugs.
Define toxicology. - Answer The science of the adverse effects of chemicals on living
organisms. Clinical toxicology deals specifically with the care of poisoned patients.
A patient is prescribed ibuprofen 200 mg PO every four hours as needed for pain. The pharmacy
sends up enteric-coated tablets, but the patient refuses the tablets, stating that she cannot
swallow pills. What will the nurse do?
a. Crush the tablets and mix them with applesauce or pudding.
b. Call the pharmacy and ask for the liquid form of the medication.
c. Call the pharmacy and ask for the IV form of the medication.
d. Encourage the patient to try to swallow the tablets. - Answer b - The liquid form is
appropriate because it is also given via the oral route. Enteric-coated tablets should not be
crushed, and the patient should not be forced to take the tablets. This medication does not
,have an IV form, but even if it did, the routes cannot be changed without a healthcare
provider's order.
How a drug is absorbed with determine the drug's ________________. - Answer
Bioavailability
Drugs that do NOT have to pass through the gastrointestinal tract and liver will have ______%
bioavailability. - Answer 100
_______________ is the most common blood protein that carries the majority of protein-bound
drug molecules. - Answer Albumin
"Unbound" drug in the bloodstream is also known as _____________ and ______________. -
Answer Free and active
True or False: A "drug-to-drug" interaction" occurs when one drug increases or decreases the
effect of the other. - Answer True
The organ most responsible for drug metabolism is the ____________. - Answer Liver
Metabolism is also referred to as ___________________. - Answer "Biotransformation"
The set of enzymes that is largely responsible for metabolism in the liver is ________. - Answer
P-450 enzymes
What fruit has a large effect on the metabolism of certain medications?
a. Oranges
b. Bananas
c. Grapefruit
d. Peaches - Answer c - grapefruit has the ability to interact with the metabolism of many
different drugs
The ______________ is the primary organ responsible for excretion of drugs from the body,
whether they are active or inactive. - Answer Kidney
,A half-life is define as the amount of time required for _________ of a drug to be removed from
the body. - Answer 50% (half)
The maximum therapeutic effect or "_____________" is achieved when the amount of drug
removed is equal to the amount of drug absorbed. - Answer Steady state
A "peak" blood level of Vancomycin is drawn __________ hours after administration.
a. 4-5
b. 1-2
c. 9-10
d. 3-4 - Answer b - if peak levels are too high, it could result in adverse effects and toxicity
What type of therapy would be used if a patient is experiencing dangerously high blood
pressure?
a. acute therapy
b. maintenance therapy
c. palliative therapy
d. prophylactic therapy - Answer a - acute therapy
What type of therapy would be used if a patient has chronic hypertension?
a. acute therapy
b. maintenance therapy
c. palliative therapy
, d. prophylactic therapy - Answer b - maintenance therapy
What type of therapy would be used if a patient with diabetes requires insulin to sustain life?
a. acute therapy
b. maintenance therapy
c. palliative therapy
d. supplemental (replacement) therapy - Answer d - supplemental (replacement) therapy
What type of therapy would be used if a with cancer is on continuous pain medication?
a. acute therapy
b. maintenance therapy
c. palliative therapy
d. prophylactic therapy - Answer c - palliative therapy
Administering blood products after major blood loss would be an example of what type of
therapy?
a. supportive therapy
b. maintenance therapy
c. palliative therapy
d. prophylactic therapy - Answer a - supportive therapy
An antibiotic administered prior to surgery would be consider what type of therapy?
Questions with Guaranteed Pass
Solutions 2025-2026 Updated.
Define pharmacokinetics. - Answer The study of what the body does to a drug.
Define pharmacodynamics. - Answer The study of what the drug does to the body.
Define pharmacogenomics/pharmacogenetics. - Answer The study of the influence of
genetic factors on drug response that result in the absence, overabundance, or insufficiency of
drug-metabolizing enzymes.
Define pharmacotherapeutics. - Answer The clinical use of drugs to prevent and treat
diseases.
Define pharmacognosy. - Answer This includes the four main sources for drugs: plants,
animals, minerals, and laboratory synthesis.
Define Pharmacoeconomics. - Answer The cost-benefit analysis that examines treatment
outcomes in relation to the comparative total costs of treatment with drugs.
Define toxicology. - Answer The science of the adverse effects of chemicals on living
organisms. Clinical toxicology deals specifically with the care of poisoned patients.
A patient is prescribed ibuprofen 200 mg PO every four hours as needed for pain. The pharmacy
sends up enteric-coated tablets, but the patient refuses the tablets, stating that she cannot
swallow pills. What will the nurse do?
a. Crush the tablets and mix them with applesauce or pudding.
b. Call the pharmacy and ask for the liquid form of the medication.
c. Call the pharmacy and ask for the IV form of the medication.
d. Encourage the patient to try to swallow the tablets. - Answer b - The liquid form is
appropriate because it is also given via the oral route. Enteric-coated tablets should not be
crushed, and the patient should not be forced to take the tablets. This medication does not
,have an IV form, but even if it did, the routes cannot be changed without a healthcare
provider's order.
How a drug is absorbed with determine the drug's ________________. - Answer
Bioavailability
Drugs that do NOT have to pass through the gastrointestinal tract and liver will have ______%
bioavailability. - Answer 100
_______________ is the most common blood protein that carries the majority of protein-bound
drug molecules. - Answer Albumin
"Unbound" drug in the bloodstream is also known as _____________ and ______________. -
Answer Free and active
True or False: A "drug-to-drug" interaction" occurs when one drug increases or decreases the
effect of the other. - Answer True
The organ most responsible for drug metabolism is the ____________. - Answer Liver
Metabolism is also referred to as ___________________. - Answer "Biotransformation"
The set of enzymes that is largely responsible for metabolism in the liver is ________. - Answer
P-450 enzymes
What fruit has a large effect on the metabolism of certain medications?
a. Oranges
b. Bananas
c. Grapefruit
d. Peaches - Answer c - grapefruit has the ability to interact with the metabolism of many
different drugs
The ______________ is the primary organ responsible for excretion of drugs from the body,
whether they are active or inactive. - Answer Kidney
,A half-life is define as the amount of time required for _________ of a drug to be removed from
the body. - Answer 50% (half)
The maximum therapeutic effect or "_____________" is achieved when the amount of drug
removed is equal to the amount of drug absorbed. - Answer Steady state
A "peak" blood level of Vancomycin is drawn __________ hours after administration.
a. 4-5
b. 1-2
c. 9-10
d. 3-4 - Answer b - if peak levels are too high, it could result in adverse effects and toxicity
What type of therapy would be used if a patient is experiencing dangerously high blood
pressure?
a. acute therapy
b. maintenance therapy
c. palliative therapy
d. prophylactic therapy - Answer a - acute therapy
What type of therapy would be used if a patient has chronic hypertension?
a. acute therapy
b. maintenance therapy
c. palliative therapy
, d. prophylactic therapy - Answer b - maintenance therapy
What type of therapy would be used if a patient with diabetes requires insulin to sustain life?
a. acute therapy
b. maintenance therapy
c. palliative therapy
d. supplemental (replacement) therapy - Answer d - supplemental (replacement) therapy
What type of therapy would be used if a with cancer is on continuous pain medication?
a. acute therapy
b. maintenance therapy
c. palliative therapy
d. prophylactic therapy - Answer c - palliative therapy
Administering blood products after major blood loss would be an example of what type of
therapy?
a. supportive therapy
b. maintenance therapy
c. palliative therapy
d. prophylactic therapy - Answer a - supportive therapy
An antibiotic administered prior to surgery would be consider what type of therapy?
