NUR 4410 Exam 2 Test Questions with
Correct/Verified Solutions 2025-2026
Updated.
The heart and other components of the circulatory system begin to develop from the
mesoderm during the ____ week of gestation and are completely forms by the _______ week. -
Answer fourth and eighth
cardiac output - Answer the volume of blood ejected by the heart in 1 minute
contraction = - Answer systole
relaxation= - Answer diastole
mothers with a history of lupus erythematosus snd diabetes put at risk their child for - Answer
heart disease
What kids have a lot of heart defects? - Answer Down syndrome
The heart begins to form at __ weeks gestation. - Answer 3
The heart beats at what day? - Answer 28 days gestation
Normal fetal shunts are - Answer the ductus venous, foramen ovale, and ductus arteriosus
a newborns and infants heart rate ranges from ______-_____ BPM - Answer 100-180
What are some of the causes of defects, contributing to the mother? - Answer smoking,
diabetic moms, HTN, medications (seizure meds), viruses (rubella/chicken pox)
The nurse is assessing a newborn and notices that the chest wall is sort of a barrel shape, this
finding is? - Answer Normal
What are some diagnostic tests that can be completed when looking for abnormalities of the
heart and shunts? - Answer cardiac enzymes (but usually not tested), x-ray, pulse ox, ECG,
ECHO, holter monitor
, Cardiac catheterization can be completed how? - Answer usually through the right and left
leg or sometimes even through the liver
Before a child goes to the cath lab for catheterization the nurse should prep how? - Answer
vitals, electrolyte monitoring, neuro checks, NPO (6hrs), pedal pulses, and aware of allergies
After the child returns from the cath lab the nurse should? - Answer take vitals every 15-30
mins, look at the dressing and assess, check for pulses, check color and temperature of
extremities especially legs, put on CLEAR liquid diet
Congenital heart disease can mainly be caused by what in kids? - Answer viruses
Kids usually have ______ heart failure. - Answer simultaneous
DO NOT feed tachypneic patients when their RR is - Answer 100-110
What is the main indicator of heart disease in children? - Answer weight gain (from fluids)
the formula (formula)= - Answer 1 scoop of powder to 2oz of water
A patient has CHD what is the nursing care for this child? - Answer PROMOTE rest, HOB
raised or put in a bouncy seat, limit volumes in formula, NG tube (if baby because they loose
energy quickly when feeding), CAN use breast milk but put it in a bottle, monitor oxygen,
medications (Digoxin and Lasix)
What are the two main drugs given for CHD? - Answer Digoxin (slows HR and improves
contractility and Lasix (gets rid of excess fluids)
Why are shunt defects seen so often in premies? - Answer because their shunts aren't fully
developed/closed
failure of the ductus arteriosus, which is the artery connecting the aorta and the pulmonary
artery, to close within the first weeks of life. left-right shunt - Answer PDA (patent ductus
arteriosus)
What are the s/s of PDA? - Answer respiratory problems, pulmonary HTN, heart failure signs,
What is the treatment of PDA? - Answer indomethacin (IVIG), surgical ligation/left
thoracotomy, or coils embolization to occlude
Correct/Verified Solutions 2025-2026
Updated.
The heart and other components of the circulatory system begin to develop from the
mesoderm during the ____ week of gestation and are completely forms by the _______ week. -
Answer fourth and eighth
cardiac output - Answer the volume of blood ejected by the heart in 1 minute
contraction = - Answer systole
relaxation= - Answer diastole
mothers with a history of lupus erythematosus snd diabetes put at risk their child for - Answer
heart disease
What kids have a lot of heart defects? - Answer Down syndrome
The heart begins to form at __ weeks gestation. - Answer 3
The heart beats at what day? - Answer 28 days gestation
Normal fetal shunts are - Answer the ductus venous, foramen ovale, and ductus arteriosus
a newborns and infants heart rate ranges from ______-_____ BPM - Answer 100-180
What are some of the causes of defects, contributing to the mother? - Answer smoking,
diabetic moms, HTN, medications (seizure meds), viruses (rubella/chicken pox)
The nurse is assessing a newborn and notices that the chest wall is sort of a barrel shape, this
finding is? - Answer Normal
What are some diagnostic tests that can be completed when looking for abnormalities of the
heart and shunts? - Answer cardiac enzymes (but usually not tested), x-ray, pulse ox, ECG,
ECHO, holter monitor
, Cardiac catheterization can be completed how? - Answer usually through the right and left
leg or sometimes even through the liver
Before a child goes to the cath lab for catheterization the nurse should prep how? - Answer
vitals, electrolyte monitoring, neuro checks, NPO (6hrs), pedal pulses, and aware of allergies
After the child returns from the cath lab the nurse should? - Answer take vitals every 15-30
mins, look at the dressing and assess, check for pulses, check color and temperature of
extremities especially legs, put on CLEAR liquid diet
Congenital heart disease can mainly be caused by what in kids? - Answer viruses
Kids usually have ______ heart failure. - Answer simultaneous
DO NOT feed tachypneic patients when their RR is - Answer 100-110
What is the main indicator of heart disease in children? - Answer weight gain (from fluids)
the formula (formula)= - Answer 1 scoop of powder to 2oz of water
A patient has CHD what is the nursing care for this child? - Answer PROMOTE rest, HOB
raised or put in a bouncy seat, limit volumes in formula, NG tube (if baby because they loose
energy quickly when feeding), CAN use breast milk but put it in a bottle, monitor oxygen,
medications (Digoxin and Lasix)
What are the two main drugs given for CHD? - Answer Digoxin (slows HR and improves
contractility and Lasix (gets rid of excess fluids)
Why are shunt defects seen so often in premies? - Answer because their shunts aren't fully
developed/closed
failure of the ductus arteriosus, which is the artery connecting the aorta and the pulmonary
artery, to close within the first weeks of life. left-right shunt - Answer PDA (patent ductus
arteriosus)
What are the s/s of PDA? - Answer respiratory problems, pulmonary HTN, heart failure signs,
What is the treatment of PDA? - Answer indomethacin (IVIG), surgical ligation/left
thoracotomy, or coils embolization to occlude
