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1. A 23year old male presents with low back pain. he lifted a heavy box yesterday
at work but had no symptoms yesterday. Today however, he began to feel pain
and stiffness in his lower back that hurts worse when he bends forward. On
exam he has pain with flexion and extension and a negative straight leg raise
test. What management plan would be appropriate for him at this time?
A. Order lumbar spine x rays
B. Refer for epidural steroid injections
C. Over the counter NSAID's, ice/heat, and return to work in 2 days
D. Order MRI lumbar spine - ANSWER C. Over the counter NSAID's, ice/heat,
and return to work in 2 days
2. John is a 16year old boy who presents to the emergency room after hurting
his knee in a football game. He describes twisting his knee and then not being
able extend it completely. John tells the clinician that he heard a pop when the
injury occurred and has been experiencing localized pain. The clinician
suspects a meniscal tear. Which test would be the most appropriate to assess
for the presence of a meniscal tear?
A. Valgus stress test
B. Lachman test
,C. McMurray circumduction test
D. Varus stress test - ANSWER C. McMurray circumduction test
3. When prescribing oxybutynin (Ditropan) for the patient with overactive
bladder symptoms, which disorder in the patient's medical history must the
family nurse practitioner consider before prescribing?
A. Cough
B. Narrow angle Glaucoma
C. Diabetes
D. Gallstones - ANSWER B. Narrow angle Glaucoma is a contraindication for
oxybutynin
4. The family nurse practitioner is taking a history of a patient who has been
diagnosed with renal calculi. What information in the history would the family
nurse practitioner identify as a precipitating factor in the development of renal
calculi?
A. Drinking 6-8 oz of milk daily
B. History of fractured femur and prolonged bed rest
C. Increased incidence of UTI's over the past 3 years
D. High intake of citrus fruits and high fiber carbohydrates - ANSWER B. Long-
term bed-rest-induced renal stone formation was found to be induced by
increased urinary calcium and subsequent crystal formation of calcium oxalate
and calcium phosphate. Exercise during bed rest for the prevention of bone
mineral loss and contracture might increase the risk of renal stone formation.
,5. A 25-year-old female comes to the outpatient clinic complaining of suprapubic
pressure and burning with urination for the past two days. She denies having
any chills but states that she may have had a fever yesterday. The next step
will be:
A. Obtain a urine dipstick.
B. Get a urine culture and sensitivity.
C. Ask about previous infections.
D. Refer the patient to a urologist. - ANSWER C. The next step in
assessing/treating this patient will depend on whether or not this urinary tract
infection is recurrent or a first occurrence.
6. If patient has UTI symptoms and states that she has not had any prior urinary
tract infections. The next step will be to:
A. Obtain a urine dipstick.
B. Get a urine culture and sensitivity.
C. Ascertain any drug allergies.
D. Refer the patient to a urologist. - ANSWER B. Get a urine culture and
sensitivity. In an uncomplicated or non-recurring urinary tract infection, a
urinalysis (dipstick or microscopic) can adequately identify urinary tract infections.
A urine culture and sensitivity should be performed in the following cases: (1) any
patient with a first febrile infection; (2) a recurrent infection with or without fever
(more than one per year); (3) a urinary calculi; and (4) a congenital defect
7. A 52-year-old male patient presents to the office following a brief
hospitalization for pyelonephritis. He is currently on the second day of a 7-day
course of antibiotic. Patient education includes which of the following?
A. If you develop dysuria, increase PO fluids for two days.
, B. Continue your antibiotic until you are asymptomatic
C. Return to the office in 7-10 days for a repeat urinalysis, as well as a urine
culture and sensitivity.
D. If you develop urinary frequency, decrease PO fluid intake. - ANSWER C. The
patient should complete the entire course of the prescribed antibiotic. If
symptoms of cystitis develop, he should contact his health care provider
immediately. The patient should return to the office for a repeat urinalysis and
urine culture once the antibiotic treatment is completed. Increasing PO fluid
intake is also encouraged.
8. Which of the following groups should asymptomatic bacteriuria be treated?
A. Patients with diabetes mellitus
B. Patients with spinal cord injuries
C. Patients with indwelling catheters
D. Pregnant women - ANSWER D. Pregnant women are at an increased risk of
asymptomatic bacteriuria becoming acute cystitis and/or acute pyelonephritis,
and the maternal and obstetric risk associated with pyelonephritis are great.
However, the Infectious Disease Society of America does not recommend that the
remaining groups in the list undergo treatment of asymptomatic bacteriuria.
9. After history and the physical exam, the FNP suspects a 22-year-old female
has infectious mononucleosis. Of the following diagnostic studies that provide
the most specific test, the result will be:
A. A positive heterophile antibody test.
B. A modest elevation of the white blood count.
C. An elevated bilirubin.