ANSC 444 ~ Purdue Exam Questions With
Complete Answers
What do we turn milk into so it stores for a long time? - ANSWER Powder
What kind of system does Canada have? - ANSWER Quota System
How many lbs of milk does it take to make 1 lb of cheese? - ANSWER 10
Strengths of IN Dairy - ANSWER Shortest distance to median center of the US
population
Naturally good for raising cattle and crops
We have processing centers
IN Processors - ANSWER High Class I (fluid milk) 7-8
Class II (ice cream) 8-9
Small Class III (cheese) 3
Class IV (powder) 1
What are the 7 most common dairy breeds in the US? - ANSWER 1) Holstein
2) Jersey
3) Brown Swiss
Guernsey
Ayrshire
Red and White Holstein
Milking Shorthorn
,What dairy breed has golden colored milk and why? - ANSWER The Guernsey - it has
high levels of Beta Carotene
How long is a cow's gestation? - ANSWER ~280 days, about 9 months
When does a heifer reach puberty? - ANSWER They can enter estrous as early as 9
months, but are considered at puberty when they weigh 45% of their mature body
weight
When do most farms breed a heifer? - ANSWER When they are about 55% of their body
weight
How long is the estrous cycle in cattle? - ANSWER 21 days
How do lactation curves change from 1st to 2nd freshening? - ANSWER 1st freshening
has a lower peak, but is more persistent
2nd freshening has a higher peak but isn't as persistent
What do blinds do for calving? - ANSWER They give the cow privacy and research
shows that it reduces stress on the cow which reduces how many need help. Especially
effective with 2 year olds aka first fresheners
Why do dairies do cross breeding? - ANSWER Hybrid vigor
How many antibodies do calves get in utero? How about humans? - ANSWER Calves get
~0% of their antibodies in utero. Humans get 80% of their antibodies in utero
What are the different types of milk replacers? - ANSWER Animal Based v Plant based
Plant based is cheaper, but has a different amino acid profile - animal based is much
better especially for younger calves
, Are heifers or cows easier to get pregnant? - ANSWER Heifers, their retro tract isn't
scarred or worn out
What are the major components in milk and how much do they make up the milk? -
ANSWER Water - 87%
Milk fat (whole milk) - 3.5%
True Protein - 3%
Lactose - 4.8%
Ash - 0.7%
Why does milk with aded lactase taste sweet? - ANSWER Lactase breaks apart lactose
into glucose and galactose. We can take the glucose which is sweet
What is milk fat made up of? - ANSWER Triglycerides
400 different fatty acids
How is milk fat made? - ANSWER Formed in the ER of the alveoli then coated with
proteins and polar lipids
Sources of Fatty Acids in milk fat - ANSWER De Novo synthesized FA - synthesized in
mammary gland
Preformed FA - taken up by mammary glad from blood
Types of fats in milk fat - ANSWER 60% saturated fats
Unsaturted fats
Chains are C4:0 - C22:5
Milk Fluidity Determination - ANSWER Position of FA on glycerol molecule - randomly
assigned to 3 positions in the mammary gland
Complete Answers
What do we turn milk into so it stores for a long time? - ANSWER Powder
What kind of system does Canada have? - ANSWER Quota System
How many lbs of milk does it take to make 1 lb of cheese? - ANSWER 10
Strengths of IN Dairy - ANSWER Shortest distance to median center of the US
population
Naturally good for raising cattle and crops
We have processing centers
IN Processors - ANSWER High Class I (fluid milk) 7-8
Class II (ice cream) 8-9
Small Class III (cheese) 3
Class IV (powder) 1
What are the 7 most common dairy breeds in the US? - ANSWER 1) Holstein
2) Jersey
3) Brown Swiss
Guernsey
Ayrshire
Red and White Holstein
Milking Shorthorn
,What dairy breed has golden colored milk and why? - ANSWER The Guernsey - it has
high levels of Beta Carotene
How long is a cow's gestation? - ANSWER ~280 days, about 9 months
When does a heifer reach puberty? - ANSWER They can enter estrous as early as 9
months, but are considered at puberty when they weigh 45% of their mature body
weight
When do most farms breed a heifer? - ANSWER When they are about 55% of their body
weight
How long is the estrous cycle in cattle? - ANSWER 21 days
How do lactation curves change from 1st to 2nd freshening? - ANSWER 1st freshening
has a lower peak, but is more persistent
2nd freshening has a higher peak but isn't as persistent
What do blinds do for calving? - ANSWER They give the cow privacy and research
shows that it reduces stress on the cow which reduces how many need help. Especially
effective with 2 year olds aka first fresheners
Why do dairies do cross breeding? - ANSWER Hybrid vigor
How many antibodies do calves get in utero? How about humans? - ANSWER Calves get
~0% of their antibodies in utero. Humans get 80% of their antibodies in utero
What are the different types of milk replacers? - ANSWER Animal Based v Plant based
Plant based is cheaper, but has a different amino acid profile - animal based is much
better especially for younger calves
, Are heifers or cows easier to get pregnant? - ANSWER Heifers, their retro tract isn't
scarred or worn out
What are the major components in milk and how much do they make up the milk? -
ANSWER Water - 87%
Milk fat (whole milk) - 3.5%
True Protein - 3%
Lactose - 4.8%
Ash - 0.7%
Why does milk with aded lactase taste sweet? - ANSWER Lactase breaks apart lactose
into glucose and galactose. We can take the glucose which is sweet
What is milk fat made up of? - ANSWER Triglycerides
400 different fatty acids
How is milk fat made? - ANSWER Formed in the ER of the alveoli then coated with
proteins and polar lipids
Sources of Fatty Acids in milk fat - ANSWER De Novo synthesized FA - synthesized in
mammary gland
Preformed FA - taken up by mammary glad from blood
Types of fats in milk fat - ANSWER 60% saturated fats
Unsaturted fats
Chains are C4:0 - C22:5
Milk Fluidity Determination - ANSWER Position of FA on glycerol molecule - randomly
assigned to 3 positions in the mammary gland
