Certified Emergency Nursing Exam |
Questions And Answers || Latest Exam
2026-2027 |Graded
A+|100%Guaranteed Pass
Shock -ANSWER State of impaired tissue perfusion resulting from circulatory failure.
Hypovolemic Shock -ANSWER Decreased cellular perfusion secondary to lack of
circulating volume or not ENOUGH GAS.
Cardiogenic Shock -ANSWER Decreased cellular perfusion secondary to maldistribution
of oxygen to the periphery. Its like adding a larger engine without increasing the size of
the tank.
Obstructive shock -ANSWER Decreased cellular perfusion secondry to obstruction of
blood into or out of the ventricles (eg. pulmonary emboli, tamponade, tension pneumo.
Like getting dirt or blockage in the fuel line.
Prolonged lactic acidosis leads to: -ANSWER microvascular thrombosis
disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
Compensated Shock -ANSWER When patient is able to maintain blood pressure. Body
attempting to maintain homeostasis. Increases perfusion to brain, decreases blood flow
to kidneys.
Uncompensated Shock -ANSWER Shock at cellular level. Intracellular fluid leaks into
interstitium causing third spacing and edema, bp decreases, hr increases, respiratory
rate increases,
Hypovolemic Shock -ANSWER Blood or fluid loss reduces circulating blood volume and
cardiac output.
Mean Arterial Pressure -ANSWER MAP = (Systolic pressure + 2(Diastolic) / 3
Want a MAP above 60
Hypovolemic shock interventions -ANSWER Airway control, control bleeing or fluid loss,
restore volume, NS 0.9%, Adult 1-2L bolus, Pedi 20ml/kg. Never use Dextrose
Cardiogenic Shock -ANSWER Inadequate tissue perfusion as a result of decreased
cardiac output despite adequate intravascular volume. Most common is MI. Pump
Failure
, Cardiogenic Shock Interventions -ANSWER Airway with PEEP will force pulmonary
edema fluid out of the lung interstitium. Decrease preload by position, nitro, diuretics,
morphine. Cardiac cath, angioplasty.
Distributive Shock -ANSWER Abnormal distribution of intravascular volume. Can me
anaphylactic, septic, neurogenic
Distributive Shock (Anaphylaxis) -ANSWER Acute life threatening allergic reaction to
individuals exposed to an antigen to which they have become hypersensitive.
Anaphylactic Shock Interventions -ANSWER IM epi 1:1000 repeat in 15-20 min as
needed. Albuterol, H1 abd H2 blockers, Corticosteroids.
Septic Shock -ANSWER Systemic Inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). Sepsis with
organ dysfunction, cardio failure leading to hypotension, Resp failure leading to hypoxia,
Renal failure leading to oliguria and azotemia. MODS, multiple organ dysfumction
syndrome.
Septic Shock Interventions -ANSWER Positive inotropes, vasopressors, fluid
resuscitation, antibiotics
Neurogenic Shock -ANSWER Loss of the sympathetic nervous system "fight or flight"
response is lost and the rest of digest system is unopposed. Bradycardia, bradypnea,
hypotension, priapism.
Neurogenic shock interventions -ANSWER abc's, fluids, vasopressors, atropine for
bradycardia, high dose corticosteroids not recommended.
Obstructive shock -ANSWER cardiac output and tissue perfusion are inadequate
because of resistance to ventricular filling. Causes pericardial tamponade, tension
pneumo, pulmonary embolism
Obstructive shock interventions -ANSWER correct underlying condition, pericardial
tamponade, pericardiocentesis and subsequent surgical repair, tension pneumo-
immediate needle thoracotomy, PE-thrombolytics
CVP -ANSWER 8-12mm Hg
Geriatric considerations -ANSWER tachycardia during shock may be masked by
medications (beta blockers), prone to dehydration, decreased thirst, avoid fluid overload
CO=SV X HR -ANSWER
SNS sympathetic nervous system -ANSWER heart rate is increased by stimulation of the
sns, which occurs from stress, anxiety, acute pain, release of catecholamines,
hypotension and drugs with positive chronotropic effects.
Questions And Answers || Latest Exam
2026-2027 |Graded
A+|100%Guaranteed Pass
Shock -ANSWER State of impaired tissue perfusion resulting from circulatory failure.
Hypovolemic Shock -ANSWER Decreased cellular perfusion secondary to lack of
circulating volume or not ENOUGH GAS.
Cardiogenic Shock -ANSWER Decreased cellular perfusion secondary to maldistribution
of oxygen to the periphery. Its like adding a larger engine without increasing the size of
the tank.
Obstructive shock -ANSWER Decreased cellular perfusion secondry to obstruction of
blood into or out of the ventricles (eg. pulmonary emboli, tamponade, tension pneumo.
Like getting dirt or blockage in the fuel line.
Prolonged lactic acidosis leads to: -ANSWER microvascular thrombosis
disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
Compensated Shock -ANSWER When patient is able to maintain blood pressure. Body
attempting to maintain homeostasis. Increases perfusion to brain, decreases blood flow
to kidneys.
Uncompensated Shock -ANSWER Shock at cellular level. Intracellular fluid leaks into
interstitium causing third spacing and edema, bp decreases, hr increases, respiratory
rate increases,
Hypovolemic Shock -ANSWER Blood or fluid loss reduces circulating blood volume and
cardiac output.
Mean Arterial Pressure -ANSWER MAP = (Systolic pressure + 2(Diastolic) / 3
Want a MAP above 60
Hypovolemic shock interventions -ANSWER Airway control, control bleeing or fluid loss,
restore volume, NS 0.9%, Adult 1-2L bolus, Pedi 20ml/kg. Never use Dextrose
Cardiogenic Shock -ANSWER Inadequate tissue perfusion as a result of decreased
cardiac output despite adequate intravascular volume. Most common is MI. Pump
Failure
, Cardiogenic Shock Interventions -ANSWER Airway with PEEP will force pulmonary
edema fluid out of the lung interstitium. Decrease preload by position, nitro, diuretics,
morphine. Cardiac cath, angioplasty.
Distributive Shock -ANSWER Abnormal distribution of intravascular volume. Can me
anaphylactic, septic, neurogenic
Distributive Shock (Anaphylaxis) -ANSWER Acute life threatening allergic reaction to
individuals exposed to an antigen to which they have become hypersensitive.
Anaphylactic Shock Interventions -ANSWER IM epi 1:1000 repeat in 15-20 min as
needed. Albuterol, H1 abd H2 blockers, Corticosteroids.
Septic Shock -ANSWER Systemic Inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). Sepsis with
organ dysfunction, cardio failure leading to hypotension, Resp failure leading to hypoxia,
Renal failure leading to oliguria and azotemia. MODS, multiple organ dysfumction
syndrome.
Septic Shock Interventions -ANSWER Positive inotropes, vasopressors, fluid
resuscitation, antibiotics
Neurogenic Shock -ANSWER Loss of the sympathetic nervous system "fight or flight"
response is lost and the rest of digest system is unopposed. Bradycardia, bradypnea,
hypotension, priapism.
Neurogenic shock interventions -ANSWER abc's, fluids, vasopressors, atropine for
bradycardia, high dose corticosteroids not recommended.
Obstructive shock -ANSWER cardiac output and tissue perfusion are inadequate
because of resistance to ventricular filling. Causes pericardial tamponade, tension
pneumo, pulmonary embolism
Obstructive shock interventions -ANSWER correct underlying condition, pericardial
tamponade, pericardiocentesis and subsequent surgical repair, tension pneumo-
immediate needle thoracotomy, PE-thrombolytics
CVP -ANSWER 8-12mm Hg
Geriatric considerations -ANSWER tachycardia during shock may be masked by
medications (beta blockers), prone to dehydration, decreased thirst, avoid fluid overload
CO=SV X HR -ANSWER
SNS sympathetic nervous system -ANSWER heart rate is increased by stimulation of the
sns, which occurs from stress, anxiety, acute pain, release of catecholamines,
hypotension and drugs with positive chronotropic effects.
