NSG 4100 Elaborate Exam Study
Questions with Detailed Answers
1. Education for patients on preventing colon cancer. - ANSWER Screening
starting at the age of 50 unless the patient has a family history or is at high
risk, watch for bright red blood in stool
2. Risk factors for colon cancer - ANSWER Smoking, UC/Crohn's African
American
3. Sign/Symptoms of colon cancer - ANSWER Change in bowel habits and
blood in the stool
4. Signs/Symptoms of pancreatitis - ANSWER Abdominal pain, tenderness,
back pain, pain after meals, pain after alcohol ingestion
5. Nursing Intervention/treatments for pancreatitis. - ANSWER Patient will be
NPO and have an NG TUBE, we will need to treat the pain and give the
patient H2-reduce stomach acid (cimetidine)/PPI- reduces the amount of
stomach acid made by glands in the lining (Nexium-esomeprazole)
6. Dietary recommendations for pancreatitis - ANSWER Avoid high fat foods,
small meals, avoid alcohol, measure abdominal girth
7. Risk factors for pancreatic cancer - ANSWER Older males, obesity,
alcohol, smoking, diabetes, environmental exposure
,8. What labs would you expect to be drawn for pancreatitis? - ANSWER
Serum amylase will be elevated and lipase will be elevated
9. What medications might you give for pancreatitis? - ANSWER H2
(cimetidine-Tagamet, famotidine-Pepsid) and PPI (esomeprazole-Nexium,
dexlansoprazole, pantoprazole) but need to avoid OTC antacids.
10.What medications would you expect to a patient with cirrhosis? - ANSWER
Vitamins and supplments, milk thistle, potassium sparing diuretics
(spirinolactone), antibiotics
11.Ph - ANSWER 7.35-7.45
12.Hco3 - ANSWER 22-28
13.Na - ANSWER 135-145
14.K - ANSWER 3.5-5
15.BUN - ANSWER 10-20
16.Creatinine - ANSWER Female 0.5-1.1
Male 0.6-1.2
17.Magnesium - ANSWER 1.5-2.5
18.Hourly urine output - ANSWER 30ml/hr
, 19.Clinical manifestations of ESRD - ANSWER Metabolic acidosis (low pH,
low HCO3)
Azotemia (high nitrogen) and uremia (high urea)
Fluid and electrolyte abnormalities
Osteodystrophy d/t low Ca and high Phos
Anemia d/t low erythropoietin production and short lifespan of RBC
20.Treatment of ESRD - ANSWER -Fluid status
-Nutrition
—avoid high potassium & salt (bananas, potatoes, citrus, salt substitutes)
-Emotional support: non-curable, progression can only be slowed
-Patient education
21.What is CRRT - ANSWER Indicated in acute or CKD for pt too unstable
for traditional hemodialysis
-mild hemodynamic effect
-All use hemofilter
-ICU, done for 24-48 hrs
22.Continuous venovenous hemofiltration (CVVH) - ANSWER NO
DIALYSATE
23.Continuous venovenous hemodialysis (CVVHD) - ANSWER HAS
DIALYSATE
Questions with Detailed Answers
1. Education for patients on preventing colon cancer. - ANSWER Screening
starting at the age of 50 unless the patient has a family history or is at high
risk, watch for bright red blood in stool
2. Risk factors for colon cancer - ANSWER Smoking, UC/Crohn's African
American
3. Sign/Symptoms of colon cancer - ANSWER Change in bowel habits and
blood in the stool
4. Signs/Symptoms of pancreatitis - ANSWER Abdominal pain, tenderness,
back pain, pain after meals, pain after alcohol ingestion
5. Nursing Intervention/treatments for pancreatitis. - ANSWER Patient will be
NPO and have an NG TUBE, we will need to treat the pain and give the
patient H2-reduce stomach acid (cimetidine)/PPI- reduces the amount of
stomach acid made by glands in the lining (Nexium-esomeprazole)
6. Dietary recommendations for pancreatitis - ANSWER Avoid high fat foods,
small meals, avoid alcohol, measure abdominal girth
7. Risk factors for pancreatic cancer - ANSWER Older males, obesity,
alcohol, smoking, diabetes, environmental exposure
,8. What labs would you expect to be drawn for pancreatitis? - ANSWER
Serum amylase will be elevated and lipase will be elevated
9. What medications might you give for pancreatitis? - ANSWER H2
(cimetidine-Tagamet, famotidine-Pepsid) and PPI (esomeprazole-Nexium,
dexlansoprazole, pantoprazole) but need to avoid OTC antacids.
10.What medications would you expect to a patient with cirrhosis? - ANSWER
Vitamins and supplments, milk thistle, potassium sparing diuretics
(spirinolactone), antibiotics
11.Ph - ANSWER 7.35-7.45
12.Hco3 - ANSWER 22-28
13.Na - ANSWER 135-145
14.K - ANSWER 3.5-5
15.BUN - ANSWER 10-20
16.Creatinine - ANSWER Female 0.5-1.1
Male 0.6-1.2
17.Magnesium - ANSWER 1.5-2.5
18.Hourly urine output - ANSWER 30ml/hr
, 19.Clinical manifestations of ESRD - ANSWER Metabolic acidosis (low pH,
low HCO3)
Azotemia (high nitrogen) and uremia (high urea)
Fluid and electrolyte abnormalities
Osteodystrophy d/t low Ca and high Phos
Anemia d/t low erythropoietin production and short lifespan of RBC
20.Treatment of ESRD - ANSWER -Fluid status
-Nutrition
—avoid high potassium & salt (bananas, potatoes, citrus, salt substitutes)
-Emotional support: non-curable, progression can only be slowed
-Patient education
21.What is CRRT - ANSWER Indicated in acute or CKD for pt too unstable
for traditional hemodialysis
-mild hemodynamic effect
-All use hemofilter
-ICU, done for 24-48 hrs
22.Continuous venovenous hemofiltration (CVVH) - ANSWER NO
DIALYSATE
23.Continuous venovenous hemodialysis (CVVHD) - ANSWER HAS
DIALYSATE
