Nur 633 Final Exam Questions with Detailed Answers

Nur 633 Final Exam Questions with Detailed Answers 1. Isosorbide dinitrate (Isordil) is prescribed for a patient with chronic stable angina. This drug is administered twice a daily, but the schedule is 7 AM and 2 PM because: Group of answer choices It is a long- acting drug with potential for toxicity It must be taken with milk or food Orthostatic hypotension is a common adverse effect Nitrate tolerance can develop - ANSWER Nitrate tolerance can develop 2. Charlie is a 65 year old male who has been diagnosed with hypertension and benign prostatic hyperplasia. Cardura (doxazosin) has been chosen to treat his hypertension because it also: Increases peripheral vasoconstriction Decreases detrusor muscle contractility Relaxes smooth muscle in the bladder neck - ANSWER relaxes smooth muscle in the bladder neck 3. Which of the following statements is true regarding the choice of diuretic to use in treating hypertension: If diabetes is a comorbid condition, a loop diuretic should be used A thiazide diuretic should be used for patient with an estimated glomerular filtration rate higher than the mid-40 mL/min range Aldosterone antagonists are best for African Americans and older adults Higher doses are needed for patients with a presence of hyperlipidemia and an LDL above 130 mg/dL - ANSWER A thiazide diuretic should be used for patient with an estimated glomerular filtration rate higher than the mid-40 mL/min range 4. Isosorbide dinitrate (Isordil) is prescribed for a patient with chronic stable angina. This drug is administered twice a daily, but the schedule is 7 AM and 2 PM because: It is a long- acting drug with potential for toxicity Nitrate tolerance can develop Orthostatic hypotension is a common adverse effect It must be taken with milk or food - ANSWER Nitrate tolerance can develop 5. Which of the following is true regarding loop diuretics? They are short acting and produce substantial initial diuresis They inhibit sodium reabsorption at the distal renal tubule They are potassium sparing Due to their weak effect, they are best combined with thiazide type diuretics - ANSWER they are short acting and produce substantial initial diuresis 6. Laboratory monitoring for patients on ACEIs or ARBs should include: White blood cells counts with drug dose increased for elevations above 10,000 Liver function tests with the drug dose stopped for ALT values 2 normal Serum creatinine levels with the drug dose reduced for value above 2.5 mg/dL Serum glucose levels with the drug dose increased for levels above 120 mg/dL - ANSWER Serum creatinine levels with the drug dose reduced for value above 2.5 mg/dL 7. Hannah will be traveling to Mexico with her church group over Spring Break to build houses. She is concerned she may develop traveler's diarrhea. Advice includes normal food and water precautions as well as: Group of answer choices None of the above A prescription for diphenoxylate with atropine (Lomotil) to use if she gets diarrhea Loperamide (Imodium) four times a day throughout the trip Bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol) with each meal and bedtime - ANSWER Bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol) with each meal and bedtime 8. PPIs should be taken with food. Group of answer choices True False - ANSWER false 9. Because of their site of action, bile acid sequestering resins: - ANSWER Should be administered separate from other drugs by several hours 10. Which medication is most effective at increasing HDL cholesterol? - ANSWER niacin 11. Lamotrigine (Lamictal) has a black box warning stating that patients should watch for the development of______. Congestive heart failure Life-threatening rashes Photosensitivity Anaphylaxis - ANSWER Life-threatening rashes 12. Which of the following should be checked prior to initiation of phenytoin (Dilantin) then frequently during the first few months of treatment? ECG CBC, UA, and LFTs Head CT CRP and ESR - ANSWER CBC, UA, and LFTs 13. When treating a urinary tract infection, goals should include which of the following: (check all that apply) Eradication of infecting organism Relief of symptoms Prevention of recurrence of UTI - ANSWER Eradication of infecting organism Prevention of recurrence of UTI relief of s/s 14. Ann is a patient who has a history of status epilepticus. Along with her routine antiseizure medication, she should also have a home prescription for____ to be used for an episode of status epilepticus. IV phenobarbital Rectal diazepam (Diastat) IV phenytoin (Dilantin) Oral carbamazepine (Tegretol) - ANSWER Rectal diazepam (Diastat)