Behavioral science & mental health foundations
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1. Attribution Theory - ANSWER tendency to give explanations for
someone's behavior, often by crediting situation or person's disposition
2. Fundamental Attribution Thy - ANSWER tendency to overestimate the
impact of person's disposition and underestimate impact of situation
3. Foot-in-the-Door Phem - ANSWER tendency to apply w/ larger requests
after responding to a smaller request
4. Zimbardo - ANSWER Stanford Prison Experiment/Lucifer Effect - Role
Playing: People take on the role of what they feel are proper for the
situation
5. Cognitive Dissonance - ANSWER people change their behavior to avoid
looking bad, (ie → person is against gay rights then becomes gay, he will
change attitude to gay rights activist)
,6. Asch - ANSWER conformity - tendency to go along with the views and
actions of others, even if you know they are wrong - line test
7. Milgram - ANSWER obedience - people tend to obey authority figures;
60% of participants thought they delivered the max possible level of shock
8. Social Facilitation - ANSWER improved performance in presence of
others; easy tasks get easier as hard tasks get harder
9. Social Loafing - ANSWER in the presence of others, people tend to do
less, partly because they believe others will do it
10.Deindividualization - ANSWER loss of self-awareness and self-restraint,
typically in a sense of anomie (mob situation)
11.Group Polarization - ANSWER if a group is like-minded, discussion
strengthens prevailing options and attitudes
12.Groupthink - ANSWER a mode of thinking that occurs when the desire
for harmony in a decision making group overrides realistic appraisal of
alternatives
,13.Just-World Phenomenon - ANSWER tendency of people to believe that
the world is just and people get what they deserve and deserve what they
get
14.Social Traps - ANSWER situation in which the confliction parties, by each
rationally pursuing their self-interests, become caught in mutually
destructive behavior.
15.In-group - ANSWER people with whom one shares a common identity
with
16.Out-group - ANSWER those perceived as different from themselves
17.Hindsight Bias - ANSWER tendency to believe, after learning an
outcome, that we would have predicted it beforehand and may contribute
to blaming the victim and forming prejudices against him/her
18.Prejudice - ANSWER unjustifiable attitude towards a group and its
members
19.Mere exposure effect - ANSWER the mere exposure to a stimulus will
increase the liking of it
20.Altruism - ANSWER unselfish regard for the welfare to others
, 21.Bystander effect - ANSWER tendency for any given bystander to be less
likely to give aid if other bystanders are present
22.Reciprocity Norms - ANSWER the expectation that we should return
help, not harm to those who have helped us
23.Biological - ANSWER explore the links between brain and mind
24.Cognitive - ANSWER study how we perceive, thinks, and solve problems
25.Humanistic - ANSWER study that says that humans are basically good
and possess a free-will
26.Behavioral - ANSWER study that says all behavior is observable and
measurable
27.Psychoanalytic - ANSWER study of the unconscious, includes childhood
and aggression issues
28.Sociocultural - ANSWER study of how cultural and political experiences
affect our life
29.Evolutionary - ANSWER study of the evolutionary of humans over time
(from apes)