TEST BANK
LILLEY'S PHARMACOLOGY FOR CANADIAN HEALTH CARE PRACTICE
KARA SEALOCK
4th Edition
TEST BANK
, lOMoAR cPSD| 3013804
lOMoAR cPSD| 3013804
Chapter 01: Nursing Practice in Canada and Drug Therapy
Sealock: Lilley’s Pharmacology for Canadian Health Care Practice, 4th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which is a judgement about a particular patient’s potential need or problem?
a. A goal
b. An assessment
c. Subjective data
d. A nursing diagnosis
ANS: D
Nursing diagnosis is the phase of the nursing process during which a clinical judgement is made about how a patient responds to
heath conditions and life processes or vulnerability for that response.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge
2. The patient is to receive oral furosemide (Lasix) every day; however, because the patient is unable to swallow, he cannot take
medication orally, as ordered. The nurse needs to contact the physician. What type of problem is this?
a. A “right time” problem
b. A “right dose” problem
c. A “right route” problem
d. A “right medication” problem
ANS: C
This is a “right route” problem: the nurse cannot assume the route and must clarify the route with the prescriber. This is not a “right
time” problem because the ordered frequency has not changed. This is not a “right dose” problem because the dose is not related to
an inability to swallow. This is not a “right medication” problem because the medication ordered will not change, just the route.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application
3. The nurse has been monitoring the patient’s progress on his new drug regimen since the first dose and has been documenting signs
of possible adverse effects. What nursing process phase is the nurse practising?
a. Planning
b. Evaluation
c. Implementation
d. Nursing diagnosis
ANS: B
Monitoring the patient’s progress is part of the evaluation phase. Planning, implementation, and nursing diagnosis are not
illustrated by this example.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application
4. The nurse is caring for a patient who has been newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which statement best illustrates an
outcome criterion for this patient?
a. The patient will follow instructions.
b. The patient will not experience complications.
c. The patient adheres to the new insulin treatment regimen.
d. The patient demonstrates safe insulin self-administration technique.
ANS: D
Having the patient demonstrate safe insulin self-administration technique is a specific and measurable outcome criterion. Following
instructions and avoiding complications are not specific criteria. Adherence to the new insulin treatment regimen is not objective
and would be difficult to measure.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application
5. Which activity best reflects the implementation phase of the nursing process for the patient who is newly diagnosed with type 1
diabetes mellitus?
a. Providing education regarding self-injection technique
b. Setting goals and outcome criteria with the patient’s input
c. Recording a history of over-the-counter medications used at home
d. Formulating nursing diagnoses regarding knowledge deficits related to the new
treatment regimen
ANS: A
Education is an intervention that occurs during the implementation phase. Setting goals and outcome criteria reflects the planning
phase. Recording a drug history reflects the assessment phase. Formulating nursing diagnoses regarding a knowledge deficit
reflects analysis of data as part of the planning phase.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis
Copyright © 2021, Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 1
, lOMoAR cPSD| 3013804
6. The nurse is working during a very busy night shift, and the health care provider has just given the nurse a medication order over
the telephone, but the nurse does not recall the route. What is the best way for the nurse to avoid medication errors?
a. Recopy the order neatly on the order sheet, with the most common route indicated
b. Consult with the pharmacist for clarification about the most common route
c. Call the health care provider to clarify the route of administration
d. Withhold the drug until the health care provider visits the patient
ANS: C
If a medication order does not include the route, the nurse must ask the health care provider to clarify it. Never assume the route of
administration.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application | Cognitive Level: Analysis
7. Which constitutes the traditional Five Rights of medication administration?
a. Right drug, right route, right dose, right time, and right patient
b. Right drug, the right effect, the right route, the right time, and the right patient
c. Right patient, right strength, right diagnosis, right drug, and right route
d. Right patient, right diagnosis, right drug, right route, and right time
ANS: A
The traditional Five Rights of medication administration were considered to be Right drug, Right route, Right dose, Right time, and
Right patient. Right effect, right strength, and right diagnosis are not part of the traditional Five Rights.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension
8. What correctly describes the nursing process?
a. Diagnosing, planning, assessing, implementing, and finally evaluating
b. Assessing, then diagnosing, implementing, and ending with evaluating
c. A linear direction that begins with assessing and continues through diagnosing,
planning, and finally implementing
d. An ongoing process that begins with assessing and continues with diagnosing,
planning, implementing, and evaluating
ANS:xD
Thexnursingxprocessxisxanxongoing,xflexible,xadaptable,xandxadjustablexfive-
stepxprocessxthatxbeginsxwithxassessingxandxcontinuesxthroughxdiagnosing,xplanning,ximplementing,xandxfinallyxevaluating,xwhic
hxmayxthenxleadxbackxtoxanyxofxthexotherxphases.
DIF: CognitivexLevel:xApplication
9. Whenxthexnursexisxconsideringxthextimingxofxaxdrugxdose,xwhichxisxmostximportantxtoxassess?
a. Thexpatient’sxidentification
b. Thexpatient’sxweight
c. Thexpatient’sxlastxmeal
d. Anyxdrugxorxfoodxallergies
ANS:xC
Thexpharmacokineticxandxpharmacodynamicxpropertiesxofxthexdrugxneedxtoxbexassessedxwithxregardxtoxanyxdrug–
foodxinteractionsxorxcompatibilityxissues.xThexpatient’sxidentification,xweight,xandxdrugxorxfoodxallergiesxarexnotxaffectedxbyxthexdrug
’sxtiming.
DIF: CognitivexLevel:xApplication
10. Thexnursexisxwritingxnursingxdiagnosesxforxaxplanxofxcare.xWhichxreflectsxthexcorrectxformatxforxherxnursingxdiagnosis?
a. Anxiety
b. Anxietyxrelatedxtoxnewxdrugxtherapy
c. Anxietyxrelatedxtoxanxiousxfeelingsxaboutxdrugxtherapy,xasxevidencedx
byxstatementsxsuchxasx“I’mxupsetxaboutxhavingxtoxgivexmyselfxshots”
d. Anxietyxrelatedxtoxnewxdrugxtherapy,xasxevidencedxbyxstatementsxsuchxasx“I
’mxupsetxaboutxhavingxtoxgivexmyselfxshots”
ANS:xD
Formulationxofxnursingxdiagnosesxisxusuallyxaxthree-
stepxprocess.xThexonlyxcompletexanswerxisx“Anxietyxrelatedxtoxnewxdrugxtherapy,xasxevidencedxbyxstatementsxsuchxasx‘I’mxupse
txaboutxhavingxtoxgivexmyselfxshots.’”xThexanswerx“Anxiety”xisxmissingxthex“relatedxto”xandx“asxevidencedxby”xportions.xThexa
nswerx“Anxietyxrelatedxtoxnewxdrugxtherapy”xisxmissingxthex“asxevidencedxby”xportionxofxdefiningxcharacteristics.xThex“relatedxt
o”xsectionxinx“Anxietyxrelatedxtoxanxiousxfeelingsxaboutxdrugxtherapy,xasxevidencedxbyxstatementsxsuchxasx‘I’mxupsetxaboutxhavi
ngxtoxgivexmyselfxshots’”xisxsimplyxaxrestatementxofxthexproblemx“anxiety,”xnotxaxseparatexfactorxrelatedxtoxthexresponse.
DIF: CognitivexLevel:xAnalysis
OTHER
1. Placexthexphasesxofxthexnursingxprocessxinxthexcorrectxorder,xstartingxwithxthexfirstxphase.
a. Planning
b. Evaluation
c. Assessment
d. Implementation
e. Diagnosing
ANS:
C,xE,xA,xD,xB
DIF: CognitivexLevel:xAnalysis
, lOMoAR cPSD| 3013804
Chapterx02:xPharmacologicalxPrinciples
Sealock:xLilley’sxPharmacologyxforxCanadianxHealthxCarexPractice,x4thxEdition
MULTIPLExCHOICE
1. Axpatientxisxreceivingxtwoxdifferentxdrugs,xwhich,xatxtheirxcurrentxdosexformsxandxdosages,xarexbothxabsorbedxintoxthexcirculatio
nxinxidenticalxamounts.xWhichxtermxbestxdenotesxthatxthexdrugsxhavexthexsamexabsorptionxrates?
a. Equivalent
b. Synergistic
c. Compatible
d. Bioequivalent
ANS:x D
Twoxdrugsxabsorbedxintoxthexcirculationxatxthexsamexamountx(inxspecificxdosagexforms)xhavexthexsamexbioavailability;xthus,xthey
xarexbioequivalent.x“Equivalent”xisxincorrectxbecausexthextermx“bioavailability”xisxusedxtoxexpressxthexextentxofxdrugxabsorption.
“Synergistic”xisxincorrectxbecausexthisxtermxrefersxtoxtwoxdrugsxgivenxtogetherxwhosexresultingxeffectxisxgreaterxthanxthexsumxof
xthexeffectsxofxeachxdrugxgivenxalone.x“Compatible”xisxincorrectxbecausexthisxtermxisxaxgeneralxtermxusedxtoxindicatexthatxtwoxs
ubstancesxdoxnotxhavexaxchemicalxreactionxwhenxmixedx(orxgiven,xinxthexcasexofxdrugs)xtogether.
DIF: CognitivexLevel:xComprehension
2. Axpatientxisxreceivingxmedicationxviaxintravenousxinjection.xWhichxinformationxshouldxthexnursexprovidexforxpatientx education?
a. Thexmedicationxwillxcausexfewerxadversexeffectsxwhenxgivenxintravenously.
b. Thexmedicationxwillxbexabsorbedxslowlyxintoxthextissuesxoverxtime.
c. Thexmedication’sxactionxwillxbeginxfasterxwhenxgivenxintravenously.
d. Mostxofxthexdrugxisxinactivatedxbyxthexliverxbeforexitxreachesxthextargetxarea.
ANS:x C
Intravenousxinjectionsxarexthexfastestxroutexofxabsorption.xThexintravenousxroutexdoesxnotxaffectxthexnumberxofxadversexeffects,
xthexintravenousxroutexisxnotxaxslowxroutexofxabsorption,xandxthexintravenousxroutexdoesxnotxcausexinactivationxofxthexdrugxby
xthexliverxbeforexitxreachesxthextargetxarea.
DIF: CognitivexLevel:xComprehension
3. Whichxisxtruexregardingxparenteralxdrugs?
a. Theyxbypassxthexfirst-passxeffect.
b. Theyxdecreasexbloodxflowxtoxthexstomach.
c. Theyxarexalteredxbyxthexpresencexofxfoodxinxthexstomach.
d. Theyxexertxtheirxeffectsxwhilexcirculatingxinxthexbloodstream.
ANS:x A
Drugsxgivenxbyxthexparenteralxroutexbypassxthexfirst-
passxeffect,xbutxtheyxstillxmustxbexabsorbedxintoxcellsxandxtissuesxbeforextheyxcanxexertxtheirxeffects.xEnteralxdrugsx(drugsxtakenxo
rally),xnotxparenteralxdrugs,xdecreasexbloodxflowxtoxthexstomachxandxarex alteredxbyxthexpresencexofxfoodxinxthexstomach.xParent
eralxdrugsxmustxbexabsorbedxintoxcellsxandxtissuesxfromxthexcirculationxbeforextheyxcanxexertxtheirxeffects;xtheyxdoxnotxexertxthei
rxeffectsxwhilexcirculatingxinxthexbloodstream.
DIF: CognitivexLevel:xAnalysis
4. Axdrug’sxhalf-lifexisxbestxdefinedxas
a. Thextimexitxtakesxforxthexdrugxtoxelicitxhalfxitsxtherapeuticxresponse.
b. Thextimexitxtakesxone-
halfxofxthexoriginalxamountxofxaxdrugxtoxreachxthextargetxcells.
c. Thextimexitxtakesxone-
halfxofxthexoriginalxamountxofxaxdrugxtoxbexremovedxfromxthexbody.
d. Thextimexitxtakesxone-
halfxofxthexoriginalxamountxofxaxdrugxtoxbexabsorbedxintoxthexcirculation.
ANS:x C
Axdrug’sxhalf-lifexisxthextimexitxtakesxforxone-
halfxofxthexoriginalxamountxofxaxdrugxtoxbexremovedxfromxthexbody.xItxisxaxmeasurexofxthexratexatxwhichxdrugsxarexremovedxfro
mxthexbody.xAnswersxA,xB,xandxDxarexnotxcorrectxdefinitionsxofxaxdrug’sxhalf-life.
DIF: CognitivexLevel:xComprehension
5. Thextermx“durationxofxaction”xisxbestxdefinedxas
a. Thextimexitxtakesxforxthexdrugxtoxelicitxaxtherapeuticxresponse.
b. Thextimexitxtakesxaxdrugxtoxreachxitsxmaximumxtherapeuticxresponse.
c. Thexlengthxofxtimexitxtakesxtoxremovexaxdrugxfromxcirculation.
d. Thextimexduringxwhichxdrugxconcentrationxisxsufficientxtoxelicitxaxtherapeut
icxresponse.
ANS:x D
Durationxofxactionxisxthextimexduringxwhichxdrugxconcentrationxisxsufficientxtoxelicitxaxtherapeuticxresponse.xThextimexitxtakesxf
orxaxdrugxtoxelicitxaxtherapeuticxresponsexisxthexdrug’sx“onsetxofxaction.”xThextimexitxtakesxaxdrugxtoxreachxitsxmaximumxtherap
euticxresponsexisxaxdrug’sx“peakxeffect.”x“Thexlengthxofxtimexitxtakesxtoxremovexaxdrugxfromxcirculation”xdefinesxaxdrug’sxelimi
nationxandxdoesxnotxcorrectlyxdefinexaxdrug’sxdurationxofxaction.
DIF: CognitivexLevel:xComprehension
LILLEY'S PHARMACOLOGY FOR CANADIAN HEALTH CARE PRACTICE
KARA SEALOCK
4th Edition
TEST BANK
, lOMoAR cPSD| 3013804
lOMoAR cPSD| 3013804
Chapter 01: Nursing Practice in Canada and Drug Therapy
Sealock: Lilley’s Pharmacology for Canadian Health Care Practice, 4th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which is a judgement about a particular patient’s potential need or problem?
a. A goal
b. An assessment
c. Subjective data
d. A nursing diagnosis
ANS: D
Nursing diagnosis is the phase of the nursing process during which a clinical judgement is made about how a patient responds to
heath conditions and life processes or vulnerability for that response.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge
2. The patient is to receive oral furosemide (Lasix) every day; however, because the patient is unable to swallow, he cannot take
medication orally, as ordered. The nurse needs to contact the physician. What type of problem is this?
a. A “right time” problem
b. A “right dose” problem
c. A “right route” problem
d. A “right medication” problem
ANS: C
This is a “right route” problem: the nurse cannot assume the route and must clarify the route with the prescriber. This is not a “right
time” problem because the ordered frequency has not changed. This is not a “right dose” problem because the dose is not related to
an inability to swallow. This is not a “right medication” problem because the medication ordered will not change, just the route.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application
3. The nurse has been monitoring the patient’s progress on his new drug regimen since the first dose and has been documenting signs
of possible adverse effects. What nursing process phase is the nurse practising?
a. Planning
b. Evaluation
c. Implementation
d. Nursing diagnosis
ANS: B
Monitoring the patient’s progress is part of the evaluation phase. Planning, implementation, and nursing diagnosis are not
illustrated by this example.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application
4. The nurse is caring for a patient who has been newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which statement best illustrates an
outcome criterion for this patient?
a. The patient will follow instructions.
b. The patient will not experience complications.
c. The patient adheres to the new insulin treatment regimen.
d. The patient demonstrates safe insulin self-administration technique.
ANS: D
Having the patient demonstrate safe insulin self-administration technique is a specific and measurable outcome criterion. Following
instructions and avoiding complications are not specific criteria. Adherence to the new insulin treatment regimen is not objective
and would be difficult to measure.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application
5. Which activity best reflects the implementation phase of the nursing process for the patient who is newly diagnosed with type 1
diabetes mellitus?
a. Providing education regarding self-injection technique
b. Setting goals and outcome criteria with the patient’s input
c. Recording a history of over-the-counter medications used at home
d. Formulating nursing diagnoses regarding knowledge deficits related to the new
treatment regimen
ANS: A
Education is an intervention that occurs during the implementation phase. Setting goals and outcome criteria reflects the planning
phase. Recording a drug history reflects the assessment phase. Formulating nursing diagnoses regarding a knowledge deficit
reflects analysis of data as part of the planning phase.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis
Copyright © 2021, Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 1
, lOMoAR cPSD| 3013804
6. The nurse is working during a very busy night shift, and the health care provider has just given the nurse a medication order over
the telephone, but the nurse does not recall the route. What is the best way for the nurse to avoid medication errors?
a. Recopy the order neatly on the order sheet, with the most common route indicated
b. Consult with the pharmacist for clarification about the most common route
c. Call the health care provider to clarify the route of administration
d. Withhold the drug until the health care provider visits the patient
ANS: C
If a medication order does not include the route, the nurse must ask the health care provider to clarify it. Never assume the route of
administration.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application | Cognitive Level: Analysis
7. Which constitutes the traditional Five Rights of medication administration?
a. Right drug, right route, right dose, right time, and right patient
b. Right drug, the right effect, the right route, the right time, and the right patient
c. Right patient, right strength, right diagnosis, right drug, and right route
d. Right patient, right diagnosis, right drug, right route, and right time
ANS: A
The traditional Five Rights of medication administration were considered to be Right drug, Right route, Right dose, Right time, and
Right patient. Right effect, right strength, and right diagnosis are not part of the traditional Five Rights.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension
8. What correctly describes the nursing process?
a. Diagnosing, planning, assessing, implementing, and finally evaluating
b. Assessing, then diagnosing, implementing, and ending with evaluating
c. A linear direction that begins with assessing and continues through diagnosing,
planning, and finally implementing
d. An ongoing process that begins with assessing and continues with diagnosing,
planning, implementing, and evaluating
ANS:xD
Thexnursingxprocessxisxanxongoing,xflexible,xadaptable,xandxadjustablexfive-
stepxprocessxthatxbeginsxwithxassessingxandxcontinuesxthroughxdiagnosing,xplanning,ximplementing,xandxfinallyxevaluating,xwhic
hxmayxthenxleadxbackxtoxanyxofxthexotherxphases.
DIF: CognitivexLevel:xApplication
9. Whenxthexnursexisxconsideringxthextimingxofxaxdrugxdose,xwhichxisxmostximportantxtoxassess?
a. Thexpatient’sxidentification
b. Thexpatient’sxweight
c. Thexpatient’sxlastxmeal
d. Anyxdrugxorxfoodxallergies
ANS:xC
Thexpharmacokineticxandxpharmacodynamicxpropertiesxofxthexdrugxneedxtoxbexassessedxwithxregardxtoxanyxdrug–
foodxinteractionsxorxcompatibilityxissues.xThexpatient’sxidentification,xweight,xandxdrugxorxfoodxallergiesxarexnotxaffectedxbyxthexdrug
’sxtiming.
DIF: CognitivexLevel:xApplication
10. Thexnursexisxwritingxnursingxdiagnosesxforxaxplanxofxcare.xWhichxreflectsxthexcorrectxformatxforxherxnursingxdiagnosis?
a. Anxiety
b. Anxietyxrelatedxtoxnewxdrugxtherapy
c. Anxietyxrelatedxtoxanxiousxfeelingsxaboutxdrugxtherapy,xasxevidencedx
byxstatementsxsuchxasx“I’mxupsetxaboutxhavingxtoxgivexmyselfxshots”
d. Anxietyxrelatedxtoxnewxdrugxtherapy,xasxevidencedxbyxstatementsxsuchxasx“I
’mxupsetxaboutxhavingxtoxgivexmyselfxshots”
ANS:xD
Formulationxofxnursingxdiagnosesxisxusuallyxaxthree-
stepxprocess.xThexonlyxcompletexanswerxisx“Anxietyxrelatedxtoxnewxdrugxtherapy,xasxevidencedxbyxstatementsxsuchxasx‘I’mxupse
txaboutxhavingxtoxgivexmyselfxshots.’”xThexanswerx“Anxiety”xisxmissingxthex“relatedxto”xandx“asxevidencedxby”xportions.xThexa
nswerx“Anxietyxrelatedxtoxnewxdrugxtherapy”xisxmissingxthex“asxevidencedxby”xportionxofxdefiningxcharacteristics.xThex“relatedxt
o”xsectionxinx“Anxietyxrelatedxtoxanxiousxfeelingsxaboutxdrugxtherapy,xasxevidencedxbyxstatementsxsuchxasx‘I’mxupsetxaboutxhavi
ngxtoxgivexmyselfxshots’”xisxsimplyxaxrestatementxofxthexproblemx“anxiety,”xnotxaxseparatexfactorxrelatedxtoxthexresponse.
DIF: CognitivexLevel:xAnalysis
OTHER
1. Placexthexphasesxofxthexnursingxprocessxinxthexcorrectxorder,xstartingxwithxthexfirstxphase.
a. Planning
b. Evaluation
c. Assessment
d. Implementation
e. Diagnosing
ANS:
C,xE,xA,xD,xB
DIF: CognitivexLevel:xAnalysis
, lOMoAR cPSD| 3013804
Chapterx02:xPharmacologicalxPrinciples
Sealock:xLilley’sxPharmacologyxforxCanadianxHealthxCarexPractice,x4thxEdition
MULTIPLExCHOICE
1. Axpatientxisxreceivingxtwoxdifferentxdrugs,xwhich,xatxtheirxcurrentxdosexformsxandxdosages,xarexbothxabsorbedxintoxthexcirculatio
nxinxidenticalxamounts.xWhichxtermxbestxdenotesxthatxthexdrugsxhavexthexsamexabsorptionxrates?
a. Equivalent
b. Synergistic
c. Compatible
d. Bioequivalent
ANS:x D
Twoxdrugsxabsorbedxintoxthexcirculationxatxthexsamexamountx(inxspecificxdosagexforms)xhavexthexsamexbioavailability;xthus,xthey
xarexbioequivalent.x“Equivalent”xisxincorrectxbecausexthextermx“bioavailability”xisxusedxtoxexpressxthexextentxofxdrugxabsorption.
“Synergistic”xisxincorrectxbecausexthisxtermxrefersxtoxtwoxdrugsxgivenxtogetherxwhosexresultingxeffectxisxgreaterxthanxthexsumxof
xthexeffectsxofxeachxdrugxgivenxalone.x“Compatible”xisxincorrectxbecausexthisxtermxisxaxgeneralxtermxusedxtoxindicatexthatxtwoxs
ubstancesxdoxnotxhavexaxchemicalxreactionxwhenxmixedx(orxgiven,xinxthexcasexofxdrugs)xtogether.
DIF: CognitivexLevel:xComprehension
2. Axpatientxisxreceivingxmedicationxviaxintravenousxinjection.xWhichxinformationxshouldxthexnursexprovidexforxpatientx education?
a. Thexmedicationxwillxcausexfewerxadversexeffectsxwhenxgivenxintravenously.
b. Thexmedicationxwillxbexabsorbedxslowlyxintoxthextissuesxoverxtime.
c. Thexmedication’sxactionxwillxbeginxfasterxwhenxgivenxintravenously.
d. Mostxofxthexdrugxisxinactivatedxbyxthexliverxbeforexitxreachesxthextargetxarea.
ANS:x C
Intravenousxinjectionsxarexthexfastestxroutexofxabsorption.xThexintravenousxroutexdoesxnotxaffectxthexnumberxofxadversexeffects,
xthexintravenousxroutexisxnotxaxslowxroutexofxabsorption,xandxthexintravenousxroutexdoesxnotxcausexinactivationxofxthexdrugxby
xthexliverxbeforexitxreachesxthextargetxarea.
DIF: CognitivexLevel:xComprehension
3. Whichxisxtruexregardingxparenteralxdrugs?
a. Theyxbypassxthexfirst-passxeffect.
b. Theyxdecreasexbloodxflowxtoxthexstomach.
c. Theyxarexalteredxbyxthexpresencexofxfoodxinxthexstomach.
d. Theyxexertxtheirxeffectsxwhilexcirculatingxinxthexbloodstream.
ANS:x A
Drugsxgivenxbyxthexparenteralxroutexbypassxthexfirst-
passxeffect,xbutxtheyxstillxmustxbexabsorbedxintoxcellsxandxtissuesxbeforextheyxcanxexertxtheirxeffects.xEnteralxdrugsx(drugsxtakenxo
rally),xnotxparenteralxdrugs,xdecreasexbloodxflowxtoxthexstomachxandxarex alteredxbyxthexpresencexofxfoodxinxthexstomach.xParent
eralxdrugsxmustxbexabsorbedxintoxcellsxandxtissuesxfromxthexcirculationxbeforextheyxcanxexertxtheirxeffects;xtheyxdoxnotxexertxthei
rxeffectsxwhilexcirculatingxinxthexbloodstream.
DIF: CognitivexLevel:xAnalysis
4. Axdrug’sxhalf-lifexisxbestxdefinedxas
a. Thextimexitxtakesxforxthexdrugxtoxelicitxhalfxitsxtherapeuticxresponse.
b. Thextimexitxtakesxone-
halfxofxthexoriginalxamountxofxaxdrugxtoxreachxthextargetxcells.
c. Thextimexitxtakesxone-
halfxofxthexoriginalxamountxofxaxdrugxtoxbexremovedxfromxthexbody.
d. Thextimexitxtakesxone-
halfxofxthexoriginalxamountxofxaxdrugxtoxbexabsorbedxintoxthexcirculation.
ANS:x C
Axdrug’sxhalf-lifexisxthextimexitxtakesxforxone-
halfxofxthexoriginalxamountxofxaxdrugxtoxbexremovedxfromxthexbody.xItxisxaxmeasurexofxthexratexatxwhichxdrugsxarexremovedxfro
mxthexbody.xAnswersxA,xB,xandxDxarexnotxcorrectxdefinitionsxofxaxdrug’sxhalf-life.
DIF: CognitivexLevel:xComprehension
5. Thextermx“durationxofxaction”xisxbestxdefinedxas
a. Thextimexitxtakesxforxthexdrugxtoxelicitxaxtherapeuticxresponse.
b. Thextimexitxtakesxaxdrugxtoxreachxitsxmaximumxtherapeuticxresponse.
c. Thexlengthxofxtimexitxtakesxtoxremovexaxdrugxfromxcirculation.
d. Thextimexduringxwhichxdrugxconcentrationxisxsufficientxtoxelicitxaxtherapeut
icxresponse.
ANS:x D
Durationxofxactionxisxthextimexduringxwhichxdrugxconcentrationxisxsufficientxtoxelicitxaxtherapeuticxresponse.xThextimexitxtakesxf
orxaxdrugxtoxelicitxaxtherapeuticxresponsexisxthexdrug’sx“onsetxofxaction.”xThextimexitxtakesxaxdrugxtoxreachxitsxmaximumxtherap
euticxresponsexisxaxdrug’sx“peakxeffect.”x“Thexlengthxofxtimexitxtakesxtoxremovexaxdrugxfromxcirculation”xdefinesxaxdrug’sxelimi
nationxandxdoesxnotxcorrectlyxdefinexaxdrug’sxdurationxofxaction.
DIF: CognitivexLevel:xComprehension
