2026\2027 A+ Grade
Name the 3 philosophical models of nursing advocacy.
- correct answer Gadow
Curtin
Kohnke
Gadow nursing advocacy includes
- correct answer existential advocacy
RN role help pt clarify their values and illness experience, exercise their right to self-determination.
(1983)
*RN uniquely situated to advocate for pt bc they spend most time with pt and have an intimate
connection with pt and family.
*moral imperative, with ultimate goal to increase pt autonomy
Curtin
- correct answer write same time Gadow (1979)
human advocacy
invited RNs to help pt ID meaning
purpose in their illness with ultimate goal of enhancing patients autonomy
Kohnke
- correct answer functional advocacy
Rn to serve as brokers of info and supporters of pt decision making.
expressly suggest MD persecuted pt ( whom she called victims) through their "we know best" attitude
, AJN, MD puppet master, RN rescue who attacks the MD with the banner of health (1980)
What are the 4 stages of complex conversations?
- correct answer 1. preparing to participate
2. entering or initiating the conversation
3. increasing mutual understanding
4. moving from inquiry and advocacy to action
What is a complex conversation ?
- correct answer require a process that provides time for thought, reflection, and structure that is
inclusive, productive, and innovative
Phase 1: Preparing to participate includes
- correct answer Who do you choose to be? To effectively prepare for a complex conversation 3
objectives
*1. decide who you are committed to BEING in this process.
2. Align what you are DOING with who you are committed BEING.
3. Support others to prepare to engage effectively
prep is comprehensive, built on life long process of reflection and desire to stay grounded in the mist of
surprise, disappointment conflict and change.
*? am I invited to partake
*Who am I representing
*own bias
Phase III Increasing mutual understanding
- correct answer Even when advocating or persuading, it is important mutual understanding. Everyone
has to be willing to share their info, ideas, knowledge, narrative as well as understand the same from
others. The objectives of increasing mutual understanding are:
1. support group dialogue to create deeper shared understanding of the challenge.
2. Create a shared understanding of issues and desired outcomes.
3. Clarify outcomes with sufficient detail to prepare for implementation.
*balance inquiry/advocacy