WILLIAMS' ESSENTIALS OF
NUTRITION AND DIET THERAPY
13TH EDITION
• AUTHOR(S)JOYCE ANN GILBERT;
ELEANOR SCHLENKER
TEST BANK
1⃣
Reference
Ch. 1 — Introduction to Human Nutrition: Nutrition and Health
Clinical Question Stem
A 52-year-old male with a sedentary desk job attends a
workplace wellness screening. His BMI is 28.3 kg/m², fasting
glucose 102 mg/dL, and he reports frequently choosing fast
food at lunch. Which nutrition-focused screening observation
most strongly indicates need for targeted workplace nutrition
counseling rather than only general health education?
,Options
A. BMI of 28.3 kg/m².
B. Fasting glucose of 102 mg/dL.
C. Regular consumption of fast food lunches.
D. Sedentary job description.
Correct Answer
C
Rationales
Correct (C) — Regular fast-food lunches reflect a modifiable,
specific dietary behavior amenable to targeted intervention
(meal planning, healthier choices, portion control). This
observation informs individualized counseling and practical
workplace strategies aligned with nutrition-behavior change
principles in the chapter.
Incorrect (A) — Elevated BMI signals risk but is a general
anthropometric measure; it doesn’t identify the specific dietary
behavior to change.
Incorrect (B) — A fasting glucose of 102 mg/dL indicates
impaired fasting glucose risk but alone doesn’t pinpoint the
dietary habit to address.
Incorrect (D) — Sedentary job is a lifestyle risk factor, but
nutrition counseling should prioritize actionable dietary
behaviors first.
Teaching Point
Target modifiable, specific eating behaviors for effective
workplace nutrition counseling.
,Citation
Gilbert, J. A., & Schlenker, E. (2024). Williams’ Essentials of
Nutrition and Diet Therapy (13th ed.). Chapter 1.
2️⃣
Reference
Ch. 1 — Introduction to Human Nutrition: The Science of
Nutrition
Clinical Question Stem
A public health nurse is explaining nutrient bioavailability to a
parent whose child is iron deficient but consumes iron-fortified
cereal daily. Which explanation best helps the parent
understand why the cereal may not be correcting the
deficiency?
Options
A. “Your child needs more calories to absorb iron.”
B. “Iron absorption from fortified cereal may be reduced by
phytates and lack of vitamin C.”
C. “The iron in cereal is the best source; you probably need to
increase the cereal portion.”
D. “Iron deficiency always requires prescription iron, so diet
changes won’t help.”
Correct Answer
B
, Rationales
Correct (B) — This explains bioavailability: nonheme iron in
fortified cereals is inhibited by phytates (in grains/legumes) and
enhanced by vitamin C. It aligns with nutrition science concepts
in the chapter about nutrient interactions and absorption.
Incorrect (A) — Caloric intake does not directly increase iron
absorption; quality of diet and enhancers/inhibitors matter
more.
Incorrect (C) — Increasing portion size may raise iron intake but
ignores absorption inhibitors; portion increase alone may be
insufficient.
Incorrect (D) — While supplements may be needed, dismissing
dietary strategies is inaccurate; diet influences iron status.
Teaching Point
Bioavailability matters: pair nonheme iron with vitamin C,
reduce inhibitors for better absorption.
Citation
Gilbert, J. A., & Schlenker, E. (2024). Williams’ Essentials of
Nutrition and Diet Therapy (13th ed.). Chapter 1.
3⃣
Reference
Ch. 1 — Introduction to Human Nutrition: Nutrition Policy and
National Health Problems
NUTRITION AND DIET THERAPY
13TH EDITION
• AUTHOR(S)JOYCE ANN GILBERT;
ELEANOR SCHLENKER
TEST BANK
1⃣
Reference
Ch. 1 — Introduction to Human Nutrition: Nutrition and Health
Clinical Question Stem
A 52-year-old male with a sedentary desk job attends a
workplace wellness screening. His BMI is 28.3 kg/m², fasting
glucose 102 mg/dL, and he reports frequently choosing fast
food at lunch. Which nutrition-focused screening observation
most strongly indicates need for targeted workplace nutrition
counseling rather than only general health education?
,Options
A. BMI of 28.3 kg/m².
B. Fasting glucose of 102 mg/dL.
C. Regular consumption of fast food lunches.
D. Sedentary job description.
Correct Answer
C
Rationales
Correct (C) — Regular fast-food lunches reflect a modifiable,
specific dietary behavior amenable to targeted intervention
(meal planning, healthier choices, portion control). This
observation informs individualized counseling and practical
workplace strategies aligned with nutrition-behavior change
principles in the chapter.
Incorrect (A) — Elevated BMI signals risk but is a general
anthropometric measure; it doesn’t identify the specific dietary
behavior to change.
Incorrect (B) — A fasting glucose of 102 mg/dL indicates
impaired fasting glucose risk but alone doesn’t pinpoint the
dietary habit to address.
Incorrect (D) — Sedentary job is a lifestyle risk factor, but
nutrition counseling should prioritize actionable dietary
behaviors first.
Teaching Point
Target modifiable, specific eating behaviors for effective
workplace nutrition counseling.
,Citation
Gilbert, J. A., & Schlenker, E. (2024). Williams’ Essentials of
Nutrition and Diet Therapy (13th ed.). Chapter 1.
2️⃣
Reference
Ch. 1 — Introduction to Human Nutrition: The Science of
Nutrition
Clinical Question Stem
A public health nurse is explaining nutrient bioavailability to a
parent whose child is iron deficient but consumes iron-fortified
cereal daily. Which explanation best helps the parent
understand why the cereal may not be correcting the
deficiency?
Options
A. “Your child needs more calories to absorb iron.”
B. “Iron absorption from fortified cereal may be reduced by
phytates and lack of vitamin C.”
C. “The iron in cereal is the best source; you probably need to
increase the cereal portion.”
D. “Iron deficiency always requires prescription iron, so diet
changes won’t help.”
Correct Answer
B
, Rationales
Correct (B) — This explains bioavailability: nonheme iron in
fortified cereals is inhibited by phytates (in grains/legumes) and
enhanced by vitamin C. It aligns with nutrition science concepts
in the chapter about nutrient interactions and absorption.
Incorrect (A) — Caloric intake does not directly increase iron
absorption; quality of diet and enhancers/inhibitors matter
more.
Incorrect (C) — Increasing portion size may raise iron intake but
ignores absorption inhibitors; portion increase alone may be
insufficient.
Incorrect (D) — While supplements may be needed, dismissing
dietary strategies is inaccurate; diet influences iron status.
Teaching Point
Bioavailability matters: pair nonheme iron with vitamin C,
reduce inhibitors for better absorption.
Citation
Gilbert, J. A., & Schlenker, E. (2024). Williams’ Essentials of
Nutrition and Diet Therapy (13th ed.). Chapter 1.
3⃣
Reference
Ch. 1 — Introduction to Human Nutrition: Nutrition Policy and
National Health Problems
