MENINGITIS
,• Meningitis is an acute or chronic inflammatory condition of the
meninges (the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal
cord), usually caused by infectious agents such as bacteria, viruses,
fungi, or tuberculosis, and occasionally by non-infectious causes.
, Epidemiology of Meningitis
India has a high burden of meningitis due to:
• Dense population
• Poor sanitation in some regions
• Limited vaccination coverage in rural areas
• Tubercular meningitis (TBM) is more common in India compared to developed countries.
• Bacterial meningitis is common in:
• Infants and children
• Immunocompromised individuals
• Viral meningitis is the most common overall but often underreported.
Seasonal variation:
• Bacterial meningitis → more common in winter
• Viral meningitis → more common in summer and monsoon
Mortality rate:
• Bacterial meningitis: 10–30%
• TB meningitis: 20–40% (higher with delayed diagnosis)
,• Meningitis is an acute or chronic inflammatory condition of the
meninges (the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal
cord), usually caused by infectious agents such as bacteria, viruses,
fungi, or tuberculosis, and occasionally by non-infectious causes.
, Epidemiology of Meningitis
India has a high burden of meningitis due to:
• Dense population
• Poor sanitation in some regions
• Limited vaccination coverage in rural areas
• Tubercular meningitis (TBM) is more common in India compared to developed countries.
• Bacterial meningitis is common in:
• Infants and children
• Immunocompromised individuals
• Viral meningitis is the most common overall but often underreported.
Seasonal variation:
• Bacterial meningitis → more common in winter
• Viral meningitis → more common in summer and monsoon
Mortality rate:
• Bacterial meningitis: 10–30%
• TB meningitis: 20–40% (higher with delayed diagnosis)
