1|Page
NR 507 Advanced Pathophysiology Final Exam
Complete 1-100 | Examplify Proctored.
physiologic jaundice - ANSWER-A 3-day old infant is noted to have a
mildly elevated unconjugated bilirubin level and icterus. Your concern is
that this child may have:
a. physiologic jaundice
b. kernicterus
c. glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
d. pathologic jaundice
Lysosomes - ANSWER-Which cell component is capable of cellular
autodigestion when it is released during cell injury?
a. lysosomes
b. ribosomesc. smooth endoplasmi
c reticulum
d. golgi complex
Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by
using oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an
oxidative reaction?
A) lysosomes
B) peroxisomes
C) ribosomes
D) oxyhydrosomes - ANSWER-Ans: B- peroxisomes
,2|Page
Contain organelles and complex internal membranes - ANSWER-The
difference between eukaryotes and prokaryotes is that eukaryotes:
a. all of these answers are correct
b. are smaller in size
c. contain organelles
d. have no nuclear membrane
What is a consequence of plasma membrane damage to the
mitochondria?
A) enzymatic digestion halts deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthese
B) influx of calcium ions halts adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production
C) edema from an influx in sodium causes a reduction in ATP
production
D) potassium shifts out of the mitochondria, which destroys the
infrastructure - ANSWER-Ans: B- influx of calcium ions halts
adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production
Packages protein for secretion to the outside of the cell - ANSWER-
Which of the following is function of Golgi?
a. Packages protein for secretion to the outside of the cell
b. Produces ATP for cell function
c. Contains hydrolytic enzymes
d. Is the site of protein synthesis in a cell
Which statement is a description of one of the characteristics of
apoptosis?
A) apoptosis involves programmed cell death of scattered singel cells
B) apoptosis is characterized by the swelling of the nucleus and the
cytoplasm
C) apoptosis involves unpredictable patterns of cell death
D) apoptosis results in benign malignancies - ANSWER-Ans: A-
apoptosis involves programmed cell death of scattered singel cells
,3|Page
During cell injury caused by hypoxia, sodium and water move into the
cell because:
A) during cell injury cause by hypoxia, sodium and water move into the
cell because:
B) the pump that transports sodium out of the cell cannot function
because of a decrease in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels
C) the osmotic pressure is increased, which pulls additional sodium
across the cell membrane
D) oxygen is not available to bind with sodium to maintain it outside of
the cell - ANSWER-Ans: C- the osmotic pressure is increased, which
pulls additional sodium across the cell membrane
Is the site of protein synthesis in a cell - ANSWER-Which of the
following is function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?
a. Contains hydrolytic enzymes
b. Is the site of protein synthesis in a cell
c. Packages protein for secretion to the outside of the cell
d. Produces ATP for cell function
Obesity creates a greater risk for dehydration in people because:
A) adipose cells contain little water because fat is water repelling
B) the metabolic rates of obese adults are slower than those of lean
adults
C) the rates of urine output of obese adults are higher than thos of lean
adults
D) the thirst receptors of the hypothalamus do not function effectively -
ANSWER-Ans: A- adipose cells contain little water because fat is water
repelling
Epigenetic modifications - ANSWER-What genetic process is likely
responsible for the occurrence of asthma in only one of a pair of
identical twins?
a. genomic imprinting
, 4|Page
b. epigenetic modifications
c. methylation
d. transgenerational inheritance
RNA is synthesized from a DNA template - ANSWER-Transcription is
best defined as a process by which
a. A base pair substitution results in a mutation of the amino acid
sequence
b. DNA polymerase binds to the promoter site on RNA.
c. RNA directs the synthesis of ribosomes for protein synthesis
d. RNA is synthesized from a DNA template
nondisjunction error - ANSWER-What is the most common cause of
Down syndrome?
a. paternal translocation
b. paternal viral illness
c. nondisjunction error
d. maternal viral illness
klinefelter - ANSWER-A person with XXXY has the genetic disorder
called __________ syndrome.
a. down
b. fragile x
c. klinefelter
d. turner
autosomal recessive - ANSWER-Cystic fibrosis is caused by an
__________________ gene.
a. x-linked dominant
b. autosomal recessive
c. autosomal dominant
d. x-linked recessive
What causes the clinical manifestations of confusion, convulsions,
cerebral hemorrhage, and coma in hypernatremia?
NR 507 Advanced Pathophysiology Final Exam
Complete 1-100 | Examplify Proctored.
physiologic jaundice - ANSWER-A 3-day old infant is noted to have a
mildly elevated unconjugated bilirubin level and icterus. Your concern is
that this child may have:
a. physiologic jaundice
b. kernicterus
c. glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
d. pathologic jaundice
Lysosomes - ANSWER-Which cell component is capable of cellular
autodigestion when it is released during cell injury?
a. lysosomes
b. ribosomesc. smooth endoplasmi
c reticulum
d. golgi complex
Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by
using oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an
oxidative reaction?
A) lysosomes
B) peroxisomes
C) ribosomes
D) oxyhydrosomes - ANSWER-Ans: B- peroxisomes
,2|Page
Contain organelles and complex internal membranes - ANSWER-The
difference between eukaryotes and prokaryotes is that eukaryotes:
a. all of these answers are correct
b. are smaller in size
c. contain organelles
d. have no nuclear membrane
What is a consequence of plasma membrane damage to the
mitochondria?
A) enzymatic digestion halts deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthese
B) influx of calcium ions halts adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production
C) edema from an influx in sodium causes a reduction in ATP
production
D) potassium shifts out of the mitochondria, which destroys the
infrastructure - ANSWER-Ans: B- influx of calcium ions halts
adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production
Packages protein for secretion to the outside of the cell - ANSWER-
Which of the following is function of Golgi?
a. Packages protein for secretion to the outside of the cell
b. Produces ATP for cell function
c. Contains hydrolytic enzymes
d. Is the site of protein synthesis in a cell
Which statement is a description of one of the characteristics of
apoptosis?
A) apoptosis involves programmed cell death of scattered singel cells
B) apoptosis is characterized by the swelling of the nucleus and the
cytoplasm
C) apoptosis involves unpredictable patterns of cell death
D) apoptosis results in benign malignancies - ANSWER-Ans: A-
apoptosis involves programmed cell death of scattered singel cells
,3|Page
During cell injury caused by hypoxia, sodium and water move into the
cell because:
A) during cell injury cause by hypoxia, sodium and water move into the
cell because:
B) the pump that transports sodium out of the cell cannot function
because of a decrease in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels
C) the osmotic pressure is increased, which pulls additional sodium
across the cell membrane
D) oxygen is not available to bind with sodium to maintain it outside of
the cell - ANSWER-Ans: C- the osmotic pressure is increased, which
pulls additional sodium across the cell membrane
Is the site of protein synthesis in a cell - ANSWER-Which of the
following is function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?
a. Contains hydrolytic enzymes
b. Is the site of protein synthesis in a cell
c. Packages protein for secretion to the outside of the cell
d. Produces ATP for cell function
Obesity creates a greater risk for dehydration in people because:
A) adipose cells contain little water because fat is water repelling
B) the metabolic rates of obese adults are slower than those of lean
adults
C) the rates of urine output of obese adults are higher than thos of lean
adults
D) the thirst receptors of the hypothalamus do not function effectively -
ANSWER-Ans: A- adipose cells contain little water because fat is water
repelling
Epigenetic modifications - ANSWER-What genetic process is likely
responsible for the occurrence of asthma in only one of a pair of
identical twins?
a. genomic imprinting
, 4|Page
b. epigenetic modifications
c. methylation
d. transgenerational inheritance
RNA is synthesized from a DNA template - ANSWER-Transcription is
best defined as a process by which
a. A base pair substitution results in a mutation of the amino acid
sequence
b. DNA polymerase binds to the promoter site on RNA.
c. RNA directs the synthesis of ribosomes for protein synthesis
d. RNA is synthesized from a DNA template
nondisjunction error - ANSWER-What is the most common cause of
Down syndrome?
a. paternal translocation
b. paternal viral illness
c. nondisjunction error
d. maternal viral illness
klinefelter - ANSWER-A person with XXXY has the genetic disorder
called __________ syndrome.
a. down
b. fragile x
c. klinefelter
d. turner
autosomal recessive - ANSWER-Cystic fibrosis is caused by an
__________________ gene.
a. x-linked dominant
b. autosomal recessive
c. autosomal dominant
d. x-linked recessive
What causes the clinical manifestations of confusion, convulsions,
cerebral hemorrhage, and coma in hypernatremia?
