EPC EXAM ASEP 2 STUDY GUIDE 2026
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
◉ partial pressure. Answer: the part of the total pressure exerted by
a gas.
◉ 70% by contraction of the diaphragm and 30% by tidal volume
change. Answer: how is normal breathing accomplished?
◉ 3-5% of energy expenditure. Answer: how much energy is used at
rest for air flow?
◉ medulla oblongata. Answer: Part of the brainstem that controls
vital life-sustaining functions such as heartbeat, breathing, blood
pressure, and digestion.
◉ medullary respiratory center. Answer: A collection of neurons in
the reticular formation of the medulla involved in establishing or
modifying the pattern of breathing
◉ dorsal respiratory group (DRG). Answer: Formerly the expiratory
center; neurons in the medulla that generate the rhythm of
breathing in response to the physiological needs of the body.
, ◉ The DRG neurons are primarily responsible for inspiration.
Answer: What is the primary responsibility of the DRG?
◉ during the on, neurons of the DRG cause the inspiratory muscles
to contract. During the off, neurons of the DRG stop firing. the
inspiratory muscles relax and passive expiration occurs.. Answer:
describe the "on-off" switch of the DRG and VRG.
◉ ventral respiratory group (VRG). Answer: formerly the inspiratory
area; it autorhythmically stimulates spontaneous ventilation.
◉ The primary duty of the VRG is expiration.. Answer: What is the
primary duty of the VRG?
◉ apneustic center. Answer: The neurons in the brain stem that
control normal respiration.
◉ pontine respiratory group. Answer: Located on each side of the
pons; modifies the rhythm of the VRG; Sleep, exercise, vocalization,
emotional responses
-Receives information from higher brain centers and issues output
to the DRG and VRG
-Hastens or delays the transition from inspiration to expiration
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
◉ partial pressure. Answer: the part of the total pressure exerted by
a gas.
◉ 70% by contraction of the diaphragm and 30% by tidal volume
change. Answer: how is normal breathing accomplished?
◉ 3-5% of energy expenditure. Answer: how much energy is used at
rest for air flow?
◉ medulla oblongata. Answer: Part of the brainstem that controls
vital life-sustaining functions such as heartbeat, breathing, blood
pressure, and digestion.
◉ medullary respiratory center. Answer: A collection of neurons in
the reticular formation of the medulla involved in establishing or
modifying the pattern of breathing
◉ dorsal respiratory group (DRG). Answer: Formerly the expiratory
center; neurons in the medulla that generate the rhythm of
breathing in response to the physiological needs of the body.
, ◉ The DRG neurons are primarily responsible for inspiration.
Answer: What is the primary responsibility of the DRG?
◉ during the on, neurons of the DRG cause the inspiratory muscles
to contract. During the off, neurons of the DRG stop firing. the
inspiratory muscles relax and passive expiration occurs.. Answer:
describe the "on-off" switch of the DRG and VRG.
◉ ventral respiratory group (VRG). Answer: formerly the inspiratory
area; it autorhythmically stimulates spontaneous ventilation.
◉ The primary duty of the VRG is expiration.. Answer: What is the
primary duty of the VRG?
◉ apneustic center. Answer: The neurons in the brain stem that
control normal respiration.
◉ pontine respiratory group. Answer: Located on each side of the
pons; modifies the rhythm of the VRG; Sleep, exercise, vocalization,
emotional responses
-Receives information from higher brain centers and issues output
to the DRG and VRG
-Hastens or delays the transition from inspiration to expiration
