PHGY 216 Midterm Exam – Complete
Study Guide with Practice Questions &
Detailed Answers Plus Rationales||
GRADED A+|| LATEST UPDATE 2026
Below are ready-to-upload Quizlet Q-cards. -CORRECTANSWER
They are written in simple Question → CORRECTANSWER format, one card per line,
using " -CORRECTANSWER " as the separator (Quizlet accepts this format directly).
You can copy-paste the entire set into Quizlet and upload as Import. -
CORRECTANSWER
Endocrine System - Quizlet Q Cards -CORRECTANSWER
What makes the endocrine system different from other physiological systems? -
CORRECTANSWER It is composed of many separate glands dispersed throughout the
body rather than one connected structure.
How do endocrine glands function as a coordinated system? -CORRECTANSWER
They all secrete hormones that interact functionally to regulate body processes.
,What is the main role of the endocrine system? -CORRECTANSWER It regulates body
functions using hormones to maintain homeostasis and control long-term processes.
How do hormones reach their target tissues? -CORRECTANSWER They are secreted
directly into the bloodstream and travel to distant target cells.
Six Major Functions of the Endocrine System -CORRECTANSWER
What is the first major function of the endocrine system? -CORRECTANSWER
Maintaining a constant internal environment by regulating metabolism and
water/electrolyte balance.
What is the endocrine system's role in stress? -CORRECTANSWER It produces
adaptive stress responses.
How does the endocrine system affect growth and development? -CORRECTANSWER
It regulates cell growth, tissue development, and maturation.
How does the endocrine system regulate reproduction? -CORRECTANSWER It
controls sexual development, gamete production, and reproductive cycles.
How does the endocrine system contribute to red blood cell production? -
CORRECTANSWER It regulates hormones that stimulate red blood cell formation.
,How does the endocrine system integrate with the autonomic nervous system? -
CORRECTANSWER It helps regulate circulation and digestive functions.
Hormones - General Concepts -CORRECTANSWER
What is a hormone? -CORRECTANSWER A chemical substance secreted into the
blood that exerts effects on distant target tissues.
Why do hormones act only on specific cells? -CORRECTANSWER Only cells with the
appropriate receptors can respond to a hormone.
What determines a hormone's target cell? -CORRECTANSWER The presence of
specific receptors on the cell.
Hormone Classification -CORRECTANSWER
What are the two major categories of hormones? -CORRECTANSWER Hydrophilic
hormones and lipophilic hormones.
What does hydrophilic mean? -CORRECTANSWER Highly water-soluble and poorly
lipid-soluble.
, What does lipophilic mean? -CORRECTANSWER Highly lipid-soluble and poorly water-
soluble.
Hydrophilic Hormones -CORRECTANSWER
How do hydrophilic hormones travel in the blood? -CORRECTANSWER Mostly
unbound to carrier proteins.
What types of hormones are hydrophilic? -CORRECTANSWER Peptide hormones and
most amine hormones.
What are peptide hormones made of? -CORRECTANSWER Short or long chains of
amino acids.
What are amine hormones derived from? -CORRECTANSWER Single amino acid
residues.
What are the two types of amine hormones? -CORRECTANSWER Catecholamines
and thyroid hormones.
Which amine hormones are catecholamines? -CORRECTANSWER Epinephrine and
norepinephrine.
Study Guide with Practice Questions &
Detailed Answers Plus Rationales||
GRADED A+|| LATEST UPDATE 2026
Below are ready-to-upload Quizlet Q-cards. -CORRECTANSWER
They are written in simple Question → CORRECTANSWER format, one card per line,
using " -CORRECTANSWER " as the separator (Quizlet accepts this format directly).
You can copy-paste the entire set into Quizlet and upload as Import. -
CORRECTANSWER
Endocrine System - Quizlet Q Cards -CORRECTANSWER
What makes the endocrine system different from other physiological systems? -
CORRECTANSWER It is composed of many separate glands dispersed throughout the
body rather than one connected structure.
How do endocrine glands function as a coordinated system? -CORRECTANSWER
They all secrete hormones that interact functionally to regulate body processes.
,What is the main role of the endocrine system? -CORRECTANSWER It regulates body
functions using hormones to maintain homeostasis and control long-term processes.
How do hormones reach their target tissues? -CORRECTANSWER They are secreted
directly into the bloodstream and travel to distant target cells.
Six Major Functions of the Endocrine System -CORRECTANSWER
What is the first major function of the endocrine system? -CORRECTANSWER
Maintaining a constant internal environment by regulating metabolism and
water/electrolyte balance.
What is the endocrine system's role in stress? -CORRECTANSWER It produces
adaptive stress responses.
How does the endocrine system affect growth and development? -CORRECTANSWER
It regulates cell growth, tissue development, and maturation.
How does the endocrine system regulate reproduction? -CORRECTANSWER It
controls sexual development, gamete production, and reproductive cycles.
How does the endocrine system contribute to red blood cell production? -
CORRECTANSWER It regulates hormones that stimulate red blood cell formation.
,How does the endocrine system integrate with the autonomic nervous system? -
CORRECTANSWER It helps regulate circulation and digestive functions.
Hormones - General Concepts -CORRECTANSWER
What is a hormone? -CORRECTANSWER A chemical substance secreted into the
blood that exerts effects on distant target tissues.
Why do hormones act only on specific cells? -CORRECTANSWER Only cells with the
appropriate receptors can respond to a hormone.
What determines a hormone's target cell? -CORRECTANSWER The presence of
specific receptors on the cell.
Hormone Classification -CORRECTANSWER
What are the two major categories of hormones? -CORRECTANSWER Hydrophilic
hormones and lipophilic hormones.
What does hydrophilic mean? -CORRECTANSWER Highly water-soluble and poorly
lipid-soluble.
, What does lipophilic mean? -CORRECTANSWER Highly lipid-soluble and poorly water-
soluble.
Hydrophilic Hormones -CORRECTANSWER
How do hydrophilic hormones travel in the blood? -CORRECTANSWER Mostly
unbound to carrier proteins.
What types of hormones are hydrophilic? -CORRECTANSWER Peptide hormones and
most amine hormones.
What are peptide hormones made of? -CORRECTANSWER Short or long chains of
amino acids.
What are amine hormones derived from? -CORRECTANSWER Single amino acid
residues.
What are the two types of amine hormones? -CORRECTANSWER Catecholamines
and thyroid hormones.
Which amine hormones are catecholamines? -CORRECTANSWER Epinephrine and
norepinephrine.
