Advanced Pathophysiology Exam 1 –
Complete Study Guide with Practice
Questions & Detailed Answers|| LATEST
*Chapter 1: Introduction to Pathophysiology* -CORRECTANSWER
Risk -CORRECTANSWER Factor that when present increases the chance of disease
Not stressors, but conditions or situations that increase the likelihood of encountering a
stressor
Prevalence -CORRECTANSWER A measure of disease that allows us to determine a
person's likelihood of having a disease. Therefore, the number of prevalent cases is the
total number of cases of disease existing in a population. A prevalence rate is the total
number of cases of a disease existing in a population divided by the total population
Indicates how widespread the disease is
Incidence -CORRECTANSWER A measure of disease that allows us to determine a
person's probability of being diagnosed with a disease during a given period of time.
Therefore, incidence is the number of newly diagnosed cases of a disease. An
incidence rate is the number of new cases of a disease divided by the number of
persons at risk for the disease.
Conveys information about the risk of contracting the disease.
,Ratio -CORRECTANSWER The quantitative relation between two amounts showing the
number of times one value contains or is contained within the other.
Primary Prevention -CORRECTANSWER Altering susceptibility or reducing exposure
for susceptible persons
*Both illness and disease are absent
example: vaccinations, healthy lifestyles
Secondary Prevention -CORRECTANSWER Early detection, screening, and
management of disease
*Illness absent, disease present
example: screenings and testings
Tertiary Prevention -CORRECTANSWER Rehabilitation, supportive care, reducing
disability, and restoring effective functioning
*Both illness and disease present
example: education
,Epidemiology -CORRECTANSWER study of the patterns of disease involving
populations; examining the occurrence, incidence, prevalence, transmission, and
distribution of diseases in large groups of populations/people
Endemic -CORRECTANSWER A disease theat is native to a local region
Epidemic -CORRECTANSWER When a disease is disseninated to many individals at
the same time
(spread to many people at the same time)
Pandemic -CORRECTANSWER Epidemics that affect large geographic regions,
perhaps spreading worldwide.
(spread to large geographic areas)
*Chapter 2: Homeostasis and Adaptive Responses to Stressors* -CORRECTANSWER
Homeostasis -CORRECTANSWER A state of being in which all systems are in balance
around a articular ideal "set-point"
Exhausation -CORRECTANSWER Point where body can no longer return to
homeostasis following a prolonged exposure to noxious agents
, Allostatic Overload -CORRECTANSWER "Cost" of body's organs and tissues for an
excessive or ineffectively regulated allostatic response; effect of "wear and tear" on the
body
Adaptation -CORRECTANSWER Adaptation: biopsychosocial process of change in
response to new or altered circumstances, internal or external in origin
Coping: behavioral adaptive response to a stressor using culturally based coping
mechanisms
Adaptation and coping: terms used interchangeably
Arousal -CORRECTANSWER Includes alterations in responsiveness to homeostatic
pressures, sensory stimuli and emotional reactivity, and to changes in motor activity
Function of Cortisol -CORRECTANSWER Primary glucocorticoid
Affects protein metabolism
Promotes appetite and food-seeking behaviors
Has anti-inflammatory effects
Chemical mediator in the inflammation response of the body
Adrenal corticosteroid critical to maintenance of homeostasis
May synergize or antagonize effects of catecholamines
*Chapter 3: Cell Structure and Function* -CORRECTANSWER
Complete Study Guide with Practice
Questions & Detailed Answers|| LATEST
*Chapter 1: Introduction to Pathophysiology* -CORRECTANSWER
Risk -CORRECTANSWER Factor that when present increases the chance of disease
Not stressors, but conditions or situations that increase the likelihood of encountering a
stressor
Prevalence -CORRECTANSWER A measure of disease that allows us to determine a
person's likelihood of having a disease. Therefore, the number of prevalent cases is the
total number of cases of disease existing in a population. A prevalence rate is the total
number of cases of a disease existing in a population divided by the total population
Indicates how widespread the disease is
Incidence -CORRECTANSWER A measure of disease that allows us to determine a
person's probability of being diagnosed with a disease during a given period of time.
Therefore, incidence is the number of newly diagnosed cases of a disease. An
incidence rate is the number of new cases of a disease divided by the number of
persons at risk for the disease.
Conveys information about the risk of contracting the disease.
,Ratio -CORRECTANSWER The quantitative relation between two amounts showing the
number of times one value contains or is contained within the other.
Primary Prevention -CORRECTANSWER Altering susceptibility or reducing exposure
for susceptible persons
*Both illness and disease are absent
example: vaccinations, healthy lifestyles
Secondary Prevention -CORRECTANSWER Early detection, screening, and
management of disease
*Illness absent, disease present
example: screenings and testings
Tertiary Prevention -CORRECTANSWER Rehabilitation, supportive care, reducing
disability, and restoring effective functioning
*Both illness and disease present
example: education
,Epidemiology -CORRECTANSWER study of the patterns of disease involving
populations; examining the occurrence, incidence, prevalence, transmission, and
distribution of diseases in large groups of populations/people
Endemic -CORRECTANSWER A disease theat is native to a local region
Epidemic -CORRECTANSWER When a disease is disseninated to many individals at
the same time
(spread to many people at the same time)
Pandemic -CORRECTANSWER Epidemics that affect large geographic regions,
perhaps spreading worldwide.
(spread to large geographic areas)
*Chapter 2: Homeostasis and Adaptive Responses to Stressors* -CORRECTANSWER
Homeostasis -CORRECTANSWER A state of being in which all systems are in balance
around a articular ideal "set-point"
Exhausation -CORRECTANSWER Point where body can no longer return to
homeostasis following a prolonged exposure to noxious agents
, Allostatic Overload -CORRECTANSWER "Cost" of body's organs and tissues for an
excessive or ineffectively regulated allostatic response; effect of "wear and tear" on the
body
Adaptation -CORRECTANSWER Adaptation: biopsychosocial process of change in
response to new or altered circumstances, internal or external in origin
Coping: behavioral adaptive response to a stressor using culturally based coping
mechanisms
Adaptation and coping: terms used interchangeably
Arousal -CORRECTANSWER Includes alterations in responsiveness to homeostatic
pressures, sensory stimuli and emotional reactivity, and to changes in motor activity
Function of Cortisol -CORRECTANSWER Primary glucocorticoid
Affects protein metabolism
Promotes appetite and food-seeking behaviors
Has anti-inflammatory effects
Chemical mediator in the inflammation response of the body
Adrenal corticosteroid critical to maintenance of homeostasis
May synergize or antagonize effects of catecholamines
*Chapter 3: Cell Structure and Function* -CORRECTANSWER
