BIO 151 ALL PROBLEM SET ESSENTIAL
HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY I W
LAB OBERG MODULES 1 TO 6 PORTAGE
LEARNING EXAMINATION TEST 2026 FULL
QUESTIONS AND ACCURATE SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
⩥ Biology. Answer: the scientific study of life
⩥ Themes of biology. Answer: organization, information, energy and
matter, interactions, evolution
⩥ Reductionism. Answer: the reduction of complex systems to simpler
components that are more manageable to study
⩥ emergent properties. Answer: New properties that arise with each step
upward in the hierarchy of life, owing to the arrangement and
interactions of parts as complexity increases.
⩥ systems biology. Answer: An approach to studying biology that aims
to model the dynamic behavior of whole biological systems based on a
study of the interactions among the system's parts.
,⩥ Scientific Method. Answer: A series of steps followed to solve
problems including collecting data, formulating a hypothesis, testing the
hypothesis, and stating conclusions.
⩥ inductive reasoning. Answer: A type of logic in which generalizations
are based on a large number of specific observations.
⩥ deductive reasoning. Answer: reasoning in which a conclusion is
reached by stating a general principle and then applying that principle to
a specific case (The sun rises every morning; therefore, the sun will rise
on Tuesday morning.)
⩥ Hypothesis. Answer: A testable prediction, often implied by a theory
⩥ Theory. Answer: A hypothesis that has been tested with a significant
amount of data
⩥ Matter. Answer: Anything that has mass and takes up space
⩥ Element. Answer: A pure substance made of only one kind of atom
⩥ Atom. Answer: Basic unit of matter
⩥ Nucleus. Answer: Control center of the cell
, ⩥ subatomic particles. Answer: protons, neutrons, electrons
⩥ atomic number. Answer: the number of protons in the nucleus of an
atom
⩥ atomic mass. Answer: The average mass of all the isotopes of an
element
⩥ Isotope. Answer: Atoms of the same element that have different
numbers of neutrons
⩥ Compound. Answer: A substance made up of atoms of two or more
different elements joined by chemical bonds
⩥ Molecule. Answer: A group of atoms bonded together
⩥ Valence electrons. Answer: Electrons on the outermost energy level of
an atom
⩥ covalent bond. Answer: A chemical bond that involves sharing a pair
of electrons between atoms in a molecule
HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY I W
LAB OBERG MODULES 1 TO 6 PORTAGE
LEARNING EXAMINATION TEST 2026 FULL
QUESTIONS AND ACCURATE SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
⩥ Biology. Answer: the scientific study of life
⩥ Themes of biology. Answer: organization, information, energy and
matter, interactions, evolution
⩥ Reductionism. Answer: the reduction of complex systems to simpler
components that are more manageable to study
⩥ emergent properties. Answer: New properties that arise with each step
upward in the hierarchy of life, owing to the arrangement and
interactions of parts as complexity increases.
⩥ systems biology. Answer: An approach to studying biology that aims
to model the dynamic behavior of whole biological systems based on a
study of the interactions among the system's parts.
,⩥ Scientific Method. Answer: A series of steps followed to solve
problems including collecting data, formulating a hypothesis, testing the
hypothesis, and stating conclusions.
⩥ inductive reasoning. Answer: A type of logic in which generalizations
are based on a large number of specific observations.
⩥ deductive reasoning. Answer: reasoning in which a conclusion is
reached by stating a general principle and then applying that principle to
a specific case (The sun rises every morning; therefore, the sun will rise
on Tuesday morning.)
⩥ Hypothesis. Answer: A testable prediction, often implied by a theory
⩥ Theory. Answer: A hypothesis that has been tested with a significant
amount of data
⩥ Matter. Answer: Anything that has mass and takes up space
⩥ Element. Answer: A pure substance made of only one kind of atom
⩥ Atom. Answer: Basic unit of matter
⩥ Nucleus. Answer: Control center of the cell
, ⩥ subatomic particles. Answer: protons, neutrons, electrons
⩥ atomic number. Answer: the number of protons in the nucleus of an
atom
⩥ atomic mass. Answer: The average mass of all the isotopes of an
element
⩥ Isotope. Answer: Atoms of the same element that have different
numbers of neutrons
⩥ Compound. Answer: A substance made up of atoms of two or more
different elements joined by chemical bonds
⩥ Molecule. Answer: A group of atoms bonded together
⩥ Valence electrons. Answer: Electrons on the outermost energy level of
an atom
⩥ covalent bond. Answer: A chemical bond that involves sharing a pair
of electrons between atoms in a molecule
