BIO 151 ALL PROBLEM SET ESSENTIAL
HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY I W
LAB OBERG MODULES 1 TO 6 PORTAGE
LEARNING PRACTICE TEST 2026 TESTED
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE ANSWERS
GRADED A+
⩥ What are the five traits shared by all living organisms? Answer: Cells,
replication, genetic information, energy acquisition, and evolution.
⩥ What are the three unifying theories related to living organisms?
Answer: Cell theory, Spontaneous Generation, chromosomal theory of
inheritance.
⩥ What is the cell theory? Answer: All living things are made of cells,
they come from preexisting cells, and they are the functional unit of life.
⩥ What are the two original hypotheses for how cells arise? Answer:
Cell Theory and Spontaneous Generation.
⩥ Why is cell division significant? Answer: Cells must replicate for life
to exist.
,⩥ What is the relationship between the chromosome theory of
inheritance and the central dogma? Answer: Chromosomes house DNA
containing genes, which are the blueprint for transcription and
translation.
⩥ How do organisms acquire and use energy? Answer: All organisms
acquire and use energy to stay alive.
⩥ What is the structure of an atom? Answer: An atom consists of protons
and neutrons in the nucleus, with electrons in valence shells.
⩥ What is the difference between polar and nonpolar covalent bonds?
Answer: Polar bonds are unequally shared; nonpolar bonds are equally
shared.
⩥ How are covalent bonds and ionic bonds formed? Answer: Covalent
bonds are formed when unpaired valence electrons are shared; ionic
bonds are formed when electrons are completely transferred.
⩥ What properties of water are necessary for life? Answer: Water's small
size, bent shape, highly polar covalent bonds, and overall polarity allow
it to dissolve charged or polar molecules.
⩥ What is the molecular structure of water? Answer: Water (H2O)
consists of an oxygen atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms.
, ⩥ What is the first law of thermodynamics? Answer: Energy is
conserved; it cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or
transformed.
⩥ What does entropy measure in spontaneous chemical reactions?
Answer: Entropy measures randomness or disorder, and it always
increases.
⩥ What occurs in a chemical reaction? Answer: Reactants are
transformed into products.
⩥ What is the significance of the second law of thermodynamics?
Answer: It states that events in the universe tend to proceed from a state
of higher energy to a state of lower energy.
⩥ How does potential energy change in spontaneous chemical reactions?
Answer: In spontaneous reactions, potential energy decreases, often
released as heat.
⩥ What do chemical equations represent? Answer: Chemical equations
show how reactants are changed into products.
HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY I W
LAB OBERG MODULES 1 TO 6 PORTAGE
LEARNING PRACTICE TEST 2026 TESTED
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE ANSWERS
GRADED A+
⩥ What are the five traits shared by all living organisms? Answer: Cells,
replication, genetic information, energy acquisition, and evolution.
⩥ What are the three unifying theories related to living organisms?
Answer: Cell theory, Spontaneous Generation, chromosomal theory of
inheritance.
⩥ What is the cell theory? Answer: All living things are made of cells,
they come from preexisting cells, and they are the functional unit of life.
⩥ What are the two original hypotheses for how cells arise? Answer:
Cell Theory and Spontaneous Generation.
⩥ Why is cell division significant? Answer: Cells must replicate for life
to exist.
,⩥ What is the relationship between the chromosome theory of
inheritance and the central dogma? Answer: Chromosomes house DNA
containing genes, which are the blueprint for transcription and
translation.
⩥ How do organisms acquire and use energy? Answer: All organisms
acquire and use energy to stay alive.
⩥ What is the structure of an atom? Answer: An atom consists of protons
and neutrons in the nucleus, with electrons in valence shells.
⩥ What is the difference between polar and nonpolar covalent bonds?
Answer: Polar bonds are unequally shared; nonpolar bonds are equally
shared.
⩥ How are covalent bonds and ionic bonds formed? Answer: Covalent
bonds are formed when unpaired valence electrons are shared; ionic
bonds are formed when electrons are completely transferred.
⩥ What properties of water are necessary for life? Answer: Water's small
size, bent shape, highly polar covalent bonds, and overall polarity allow
it to dissolve charged or polar molecules.
⩥ What is the molecular structure of water? Answer: Water (H2O)
consists of an oxygen atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms.
, ⩥ What is the first law of thermodynamics? Answer: Energy is
conserved; it cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or
transformed.
⩥ What does entropy measure in spontaneous chemical reactions?
Answer: Entropy measures randomness or disorder, and it always
increases.
⩥ What occurs in a chemical reaction? Answer: Reactants are
transformed into products.
⩥ What is the significance of the second law of thermodynamics?
Answer: It states that events in the universe tend to proceed from a state
of higher energy to a state of lower energy.
⩥ How does potential energy change in spontaneous chemical reactions?
Answer: In spontaneous reactions, potential energy decreases, often
released as heat.
⩥ What do chemical equations represent? Answer: Chemical equations
show how reactants are changed into products.
