BNNS501 Exam 2 UPDATED QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Pulmonary circulation - CORRECT ANSWER carries deoxygenated blood from right
side of heart via pulmonary trunk to lungs, then returns o2 blood to left side of the heart via
pulmonary veins
Systemic circulation - CORRECT ANSWER Carries o2 blood from left side of the
heart to all parts of the body (except lungs) via aorta and returns co2 blood back to right side
of the body via vena cava
Coronary circulation - CORRECT ANSWER circulation of blood through the coronary
blood vessels to deliver oxygen and nutrients to the heart muscle tissue (myocardium)
Pericardium - CORRECT ANSWER Superficial layer of the heart. Protects heart
because of tough, dense, inflexible connective tissue. Stops heart from overfilling anchors
heart to surrounding structures. Has two layers (partienal and visceral)
Myocardium - CORRECT ANSWER Middle layer of heart. Cardiac muscle that pumps
blood
Endocardium - CORRECT ANSWER Deepest layer of heart. Thin, shiny, smooth
lining that covers heart valves. Has thin connective layer underneath and minimising surface
friction as blood flows through the heart.
3x functions of blood - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Transport (o2&co2 to and from lungs,
nutrients from GI tract to tissues, wastes from cells to kidneys, hormones from glands to
organs)
2. Regulation (ph levels, body temp, h2o levels)
3. Protections (Antibodies and WBC destroy pathogens, Haemostasis prevents blood loss)
Hormone responsible for RBC production? (erythropoiesis) - CORRECT
ANSWER Erythropoeitin (EPO)
, Name of immature RBC - CORRECT ANSWER reticulocyte
Neutrophils - CORRECT ANSWER Located in blood. Most abundant type of WBC
(40-70%) engulfs pathogens via phagocytosis and responds aggressively toward bacteria.
Lymphocytes - CORRECT ANSWER Located in lymphatic system. Identifies and
coordinates immune response to antigens by creating antibodies. Attacks tumours and
viruses. Includes: T-cells, B-cells and natural killer cells.
Monocytes - CORRECT ANSWER produced in the bone marrow, enter the circulation,
and migrate to the inflammatory site, where they develop into macrophages. Largest type of
WBC, act as phagocytes.
Macrophages - CORRECT ANSWER Found in blood and tissues. Detection and
destruction of pathogens, are phagocytes.
Eosinophils - CORRECT ANSWER Found in gut, adipose tissue, bone marrow and
thymus. Combat parasites and helminths. Involved in allergic response.
Basophils - CORRECT ANSWER Found in blood. Key in inflammatory reactions,
produces histamines
Location of WBC - CORRECT ANSWER Blood vessels, lymphathic system, skin,
lungs, spleen
Clotting Factor - CORRECT ANSWER Inactive blood proteins which rapidly become
active enzymes when needed
3x functions of platelets - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Releases chemicals that promote
blood clotting
2. Aggregate other platelets
AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Pulmonary circulation - CORRECT ANSWER carries deoxygenated blood from right
side of heart via pulmonary trunk to lungs, then returns o2 blood to left side of the heart via
pulmonary veins
Systemic circulation - CORRECT ANSWER Carries o2 blood from left side of the
heart to all parts of the body (except lungs) via aorta and returns co2 blood back to right side
of the body via vena cava
Coronary circulation - CORRECT ANSWER circulation of blood through the coronary
blood vessels to deliver oxygen and nutrients to the heart muscle tissue (myocardium)
Pericardium - CORRECT ANSWER Superficial layer of the heart. Protects heart
because of tough, dense, inflexible connective tissue. Stops heart from overfilling anchors
heart to surrounding structures. Has two layers (partienal and visceral)
Myocardium - CORRECT ANSWER Middle layer of heart. Cardiac muscle that pumps
blood
Endocardium - CORRECT ANSWER Deepest layer of heart. Thin, shiny, smooth
lining that covers heart valves. Has thin connective layer underneath and minimising surface
friction as blood flows through the heart.
3x functions of blood - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Transport (o2&co2 to and from lungs,
nutrients from GI tract to tissues, wastes from cells to kidneys, hormones from glands to
organs)
2. Regulation (ph levels, body temp, h2o levels)
3. Protections (Antibodies and WBC destroy pathogens, Haemostasis prevents blood loss)
Hormone responsible for RBC production? (erythropoiesis) - CORRECT
ANSWER Erythropoeitin (EPO)
, Name of immature RBC - CORRECT ANSWER reticulocyte
Neutrophils - CORRECT ANSWER Located in blood. Most abundant type of WBC
(40-70%) engulfs pathogens via phagocytosis and responds aggressively toward bacteria.
Lymphocytes - CORRECT ANSWER Located in lymphatic system. Identifies and
coordinates immune response to antigens by creating antibodies. Attacks tumours and
viruses. Includes: T-cells, B-cells and natural killer cells.
Monocytes - CORRECT ANSWER produced in the bone marrow, enter the circulation,
and migrate to the inflammatory site, where they develop into macrophages. Largest type of
WBC, act as phagocytes.
Macrophages - CORRECT ANSWER Found in blood and tissues. Detection and
destruction of pathogens, are phagocytes.
Eosinophils - CORRECT ANSWER Found in gut, adipose tissue, bone marrow and
thymus. Combat parasites and helminths. Involved in allergic response.
Basophils - CORRECT ANSWER Found in blood. Key in inflammatory reactions,
produces histamines
Location of WBC - CORRECT ANSWER Blood vessels, lymphathic system, skin,
lungs, spleen
Clotting Factor - CORRECT ANSWER Inactive blood proteins which rapidly become
active enzymes when needed
3x functions of platelets - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Releases chemicals that promote
blood clotting
2. Aggregate other platelets
