Summary SES
TOM & SCM
2026
1
,Table of Contents
Lecture 1A: Balance & Congestion.............................................4
Lecture 1B: Flexibility in Sustainable Energy Systems.................8
Lecture 2A: Hydrogen and Battery Storage...............................19
Lecture 2B: Guest lecture Machiel Mulder.................................33
Lecture 3A: Seasonal Hydrogen Storage...................................45
Lecture 3B: Hydrogen-based Integrated Energy........................54
Lecture 4A: Offshore Wind Farm Maintenance...........................65
Lecture 4B: Calculating the optimal kit.....................................72
Papers week 1........................................................................78
Paper 1: Lund, P. D., Lindgren, J., Mikkola, J., & Salpakari, J. (2015).
Review of energy system flexibility measures to enable high levels of
variable renewable electricity. Renewable and Sustainable Energy
Reviews, 45, 785–807.....................................................................78
Paper 1 (Lund, 2017) Exam questions.............................................81
Paper 2: Burger, S., Chaves-Ávila, J. P., Batlle, C., & Pérez-Arriaga, I. J.
(2015). A review of the value of aggregators in electricity systems.
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 77, 395–405. ..............83
Paper 2 (Burger, 2015) Exam questions...........................................87
Papers week 2........................................................................89
Paper 3: Moshövel, J., Kairies, K. P., Magnor, D., Leuthold, M., Bost,
M., Gährs, S., … & Sauer, D. U. (2015). Analysis of the maximal
possible grid relief from PV-peak-power impacts by using storage
systems for increased self-consumption. Applied Energy, 137, 567–
575...............................................................................................89
Paper 3 (Moshovel, 2015) Exam questions......................................93
Papers week 3........................................................................97
Paper 4: Robledo, C. B., Oldenbroek, V., Abbruzzese, F., & van Wijk, A.
J. (2018). Integrating a hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicle with vehicle-
to-grid technology, photovoltaic power and a residential building.
Applied Energy, 215, 615–629. .......................................................97
Paper 4 (Robledo, 2018) Exam questions........................................99
Paper 5: Farahani, S. S., Bleeker, C., van Wijk, A., & Lukszo, Z. (2020).
Hydrogen-based integrated energy and mobility system for a real-life
office environment. Applied Energy, 264, 114695...........................102
Paper 5 (Farahani, 2020) Exam questions......................................105
2
,Papers week 4.......................................................................108
Paper 6: Shafiee, M. (2015). Maintenance logistics organization for
offshore wind energy: Current progress and future perspectives.
Renewable Energy, 77, 182–193....................................................108
Paper 6 (Shafiee, 2015) Exam questions........................................112
Paper 7: Teunter, R. H. (2006). The multiple-job repair kit problem.
European Journal of Operational Research, 175(2), 1103–1116.......114
Paper 7 (Teunter, 2006) Exam questions........................................117
3
, Lecture 1A: Balance & Congestion
Balance = “The extent to which energy supply meets the volume of
energy demanded.”
Total energy production = Total energy consumption
- Across the entire electricity grid for Every second (!)
Balance is when supply = demand:
The frequency is (and should be) 50 Hertz (in Europe)
When supply ≠ demand, the frequency deviates
Congestion
“Congestion occurs when a grid overload prevents electricity from
reaching the consumer”
When the capacity of the cable is reached at a given time.
Congestion can occur as a result of:
› Too much local consumption in a region
› Too much local production
4
TOM & SCM
2026
1
,Table of Contents
Lecture 1A: Balance & Congestion.............................................4
Lecture 1B: Flexibility in Sustainable Energy Systems.................8
Lecture 2A: Hydrogen and Battery Storage...............................19
Lecture 2B: Guest lecture Machiel Mulder.................................33
Lecture 3A: Seasonal Hydrogen Storage...................................45
Lecture 3B: Hydrogen-based Integrated Energy........................54
Lecture 4A: Offshore Wind Farm Maintenance...........................65
Lecture 4B: Calculating the optimal kit.....................................72
Papers week 1........................................................................78
Paper 1: Lund, P. D., Lindgren, J., Mikkola, J., & Salpakari, J. (2015).
Review of energy system flexibility measures to enable high levels of
variable renewable electricity. Renewable and Sustainable Energy
Reviews, 45, 785–807.....................................................................78
Paper 1 (Lund, 2017) Exam questions.............................................81
Paper 2: Burger, S., Chaves-Ávila, J. P., Batlle, C., & Pérez-Arriaga, I. J.
(2015). A review of the value of aggregators in electricity systems.
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 77, 395–405. ..............83
Paper 2 (Burger, 2015) Exam questions...........................................87
Papers week 2........................................................................89
Paper 3: Moshövel, J., Kairies, K. P., Magnor, D., Leuthold, M., Bost,
M., Gährs, S., … & Sauer, D. U. (2015). Analysis of the maximal
possible grid relief from PV-peak-power impacts by using storage
systems for increased self-consumption. Applied Energy, 137, 567–
575...............................................................................................89
Paper 3 (Moshovel, 2015) Exam questions......................................93
Papers week 3........................................................................97
Paper 4: Robledo, C. B., Oldenbroek, V., Abbruzzese, F., & van Wijk, A.
J. (2018). Integrating a hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicle with vehicle-
to-grid technology, photovoltaic power and a residential building.
Applied Energy, 215, 615–629. .......................................................97
Paper 4 (Robledo, 2018) Exam questions........................................99
Paper 5: Farahani, S. S., Bleeker, C., van Wijk, A., & Lukszo, Z. (2020).
Hydrogen-based integrated energy and mobility system for a real-life
office environment. Applied Energy, 264, 114695...........................102
Paper 5 (Farahani, 2020) Exam questions......................................105
2
,Papers week 4.......................................................................108
Paper 6: Shafiee, M. (2015). Maintenance logistics organization for
offshore wind energy: Current progress and future perspectives.
Renewable Energy, 77, 182–193....................................................108
Paper 6 (Shafiee, 2015) Exam questions........................................112
Paper 7: Teunter, R. H. (2006). The multiple-job repair kit problem.
European Journal of Operational Research, 175(2), 1103–1116.......114
Paper 7 (Teunter, 2006) Exam questions........................................117
3
, Lecture 1A: Balance & Congestion
Balance = “The extent to which energy supply meets the volume of
energy demanded.”
Total energy production = Total energy consumption
- Across the entire electricity grid for Every second (!)
Balance is when supply = demand:
The frequency is (and should be) 50 Hertz (in Europe)
When supply ≠ demand, the frequency deviates
Congestion
“Congestion occurs when a grid overload prevents electricity from
reaching the consumer”
When the capacity of the cable is reached at a given time.
Congestion can occur as a result of:
› Too much local consumption in a region
› Too much local production
4
