MODULE 1 MSN 672 EXAM 110 QUESTIONS WITH
VERIFIED ANSWERS 2025/2026
dopamine D-2 antagonists - CORRECT ANSWER What was the first mechanism
identified to treat psychosis?
hyperactive - CORRECT ANSWER In untreated schizophrenia, the mesolimbic/Mes
striatal dopamine pathway is hypothesized to be hypo or hyper active?
positive symptoms such as delusions and hallucinations - CORRECT ANSWER In
untreated schizophrenia, the mesolimbic/Mes striatal dopamine pathway is
hypothesized to be hyperactive which leads to what type of symptoms?
reduces hyperactivity in the mesolimbic/Mes striatal dopamine pathway reducing
positive symptoms of schizophrenia - CORRECT ANSWER Administration of a D2
antagonist or a partial dopamine agonists serves to block dopamine from binding
to the D2 receptor which causes what?
causing secondary negative effect such as apathy and anhedonia - CORRECT
ANSWER Since the mesolimbic/Mes striatal dopamine pathway also plays a role in
regulating motivation and reward blockade of the D2 receptors can have an
unwanted effect of what?
Chlorpromazine - CORRECT ANSWER What was the name of the first effective drug
for treating psychosis?
,as a dopamine D2 receptor antagonism - CORRECT ANSWER Chlorpromazine was
an antihistamine but did not regulate schizophrenia by these effect but rather by
what?
is an extreme form of absence of motor movement as well as behavioral
indifference in experimental animals - CORRECT ANSWER Early drugs for the
treatment of psychosis were found to cause neuroleptics which is what?
are referred to as secondary negative symptoms because the mimic primary
negative symptoms in untreated schizophrenia - CORRECT ANSWER A human
counterpart to neuroleptics is what?
blocking D2 receptors that normally mediate motivation and reward - CORRECT
ANSWER Neuroleptics and secondary negative symptoms are caused at least in
part by what?
block D2 receptors specifically those in the mesolimbic/Mes striatal dopamine
pathway - CORRECT ANSWER The key to neuroleptics was their ability to do what?
to have a major role in regulating motivation and reward. - CORRECT ANSWER D2
receptors in the mesolimbic/Mes striatal dopamine pathway are thought to not
only mediate the positive symptoms of psychosis from excessive release of
dopamine in the pathway but to do what?
pleasure center - CORRECT ANSWER The nucleus accumbent, a major target of
mesolimbic/Mes striatal dopamine neurons in the ventral emotional striatum is
widely considered to be the what of the brain?
, the final common pathway of all reward and reinforcement - CORRECT ANSWER
The mesolimbic dopamine pathway to the nucleus accumbent is often considered
what?
by D2 antagonists/partial agonists sometimes called neuroleptic-induced deficit
syndrome (mimicking negative symptoms) - CORRECT ANSWER When D2 blockers
are administered an adverse behavioral state can thus be simultaneously
produced by what?
high incidence of smoking and drug abuse in schizophrenia patients - CORRECT
ANSWER Worsening negative symptoms with a loss of pleasure caused by
treatment is a plausible explanation of what?
reducing the dose of the D2 blocker or switching to a D2 blocker that is better
tolerated or adding some adjunct medications that can help to reduce the
negative symptoms such as antidepressants - CORRECT ANSWER Treatments of
negative symptoms include what?
patients stopping their D2 blockers - CORRECT ANSWER Emotional flattening and
worsening of negative symptoms may contribute to what?
to be hypoactive causing negative symptoms, administration of a D2 antagonist or
partial agonist could worsen negative symptoms - CORRECT ANSWER In untreated
schizophrenia patients, the neocortical dopamine pathways to the dorsolateral
prefrontal cortex and to the ventromedial prefrontal cortex are hypothesized to be
what?
VERIFIED ANSWERS 2025/2026
dopamine D-2 antagonists - CORRECT ANSWER What was the first mechanism
identified to treat psychosis?
hyperactive - CORRECT ANSWER In untreated schizophrenia, the mesolimbic/Mes
striatal dopamine pathway is hypothesized to be hypo or hyper active?
positive symptoms such as delusions and hallucinations - CORRECT ANSWER In
untreated schizophrenia, the mesolimbic/Mes striatal dopamine pathway is
hypothesized to be hyperactive which leads to what type of symptoms?
reduces hyperactivity in the mesolimbic/Mes striatal dopamine pathway reducing
positive symptoms of schizophrenia - CORRECT ANSWER Administration of a D2
antagonist or a partial dopamine agonists serves to block dopamine from binding
to the D2 receptor which causes what?
causing secondary negative effect such as apathy and anhedonia - CORRECT
ANSWER Since the mesolimbic/Mes striatal dopamine pathway also plays a role in
regulating motivation and reward blockade of the D2 receptors can have an
unwanted effect of what?
Chlorpromazine - CORRECT ANSWER What was the name of the first effective drug
for treating psychosis?
,as a dopamine D2 receptor antagonism - CORRECT ANSWER Chlorpromazine was
an antihistamine but did not regulate schizophrenia by these effect but rather by
what?
is an extreme form of absence of motor movement as well as behavioral
indifference in experimental animals - CORRECT ANSWER Early drugs for the
treatment of psychosis were found to cause neuroleptics which is what?
are referred to as secondary negative symptoms because the mimic primary
negative symptoms in untreated schizophrenia - CORRECT ANSWER A human
counterpart to neuroleptics is what?
blocking D2 receptors that normally mediate motivation and reward - CORRECT
ANSWER Neuroleptics and secondary negative symptoms are caused at least in
part by what?
block D2 receptors specifically those in the mesolimbic/Mes striatal dopamine
pathway - CORRECT ANSWER The key to neuroleptics was their ability to do what?
to have a major role in regulating motivation and reward. - CORRECT ANSWER D2
receptors in the mesolimbic/Mes striatal dopamine pathway are thought to not
only mediate the positive symptoms of psychosis from excessive release of
dopamine in the pathway but to do what?
pleasure center - CORRECT ANSWER The nucleus accumbent, a major target of
mesolimbic/Mes striatal dopamine neurons in the ventral emotional striatum is
widely considered to be the what of the brain?
, the final common pathway of all reward and reinforcement - CORRECT ANSWER
The mesolimbic dopamine pathway to the nucleus accumbent is often considered
what?
by D2 antagonists/partial agonists sometimes called neuroleptic-induced deficit
syndrome (mimicking negative symptoms) - CORRECT ANSWER When D2 blockers
are administered an adverse behavioral state can thus be simultaneously
produced by what?
high incidence of smoking and drug abuse in schizophrenia patients - CORRECT
ANSWER Worsening negative symptoms with a loss of pleasure caused by
treatment is a plausible explanation of what?
reducing the dose of the D2 blocker or switching to a D2 blocker that is better
tolerated or adding some adjunct medications that can help to reduce the
negative symptoms such as antidepressants - CORRECT ANSWER Treatments of
negative symptoms include what?
patients stopping their D2 blockers - CORRECT ANSWER Emotional flattening and
worsening of negative symptoms may contribute to what?
to be hypoactive causing negative symptoms, administration of a D2 antagonist or
partial agonist could worsen negative symptoms - CORRECT ANSWER In untreated
schizophrenia patients, the neocortical dopamine pathways to the dorsolateral
prefrontal cortex and to the ventromedial prefrontal cortex are hypothesized to be
what?
